Unit One: It 用法归纳学案一、指代1.用来指代上文提到的事物。
1）----Pass me your nose. ----- Here it is .2）Whatever you do and say, ask yourself whether it is welcomed by others.2. 表示时间，天气，距离，温度等。
1）It was cold yesterday.2）It may be 25 kms from here to the town.3）It was very quiet in the café.3. 作为人称代词，it可以用来指东西、动物、婴儿和未确定身份的人。
1）Where's my left eye? Have you seen it?2）The cat is in the garden, isn't it?3）The baby cried because it is hungry.4）(有人在敲门）Who is it?4.表示谁在做某事的句子：1）--- Who is it? ---It’s me.2）Her face lighted when she saw who it was.5.用来泛泛的指某件事：1）It doesn’t matter.2）It is a shame, isn’t it?3）So you are going to be married this time？When is it？★注意：it, one及that 作代词的用法区别1. it代替前面提到的同一事物,该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。
2. one代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。
该事物只能是可数名词,前面可以有冠词,也可以被this、that或形容词修饰,其后也可以有定语。
3. that代替前面提到的同类事物中特指的一个。
该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词,要有后置定语,但不可以有前置修饰语。
选择：1.The news that they failed their driving test upset him, ________?A. did theyB. didn\‘t theyC. did itD. didn\’t it2.--Why don\‘t we have a little break?--Didn\’t we just have________?A. itB. thatC. oneD. this3. Few pleasures can equal to ________ of a cool drink on a hot day.A. someB. anyC. thatD. those二、形式主语1. It is necessary to be prepared for a job interview. Having the answers ready will be of great help.2. It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month. 句子: 由that 引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡, 避免“头重脚轻”, 常用it 作形式主语, 而把从句放在后面。
例如:Ⅰ. That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible.__________________________________________________________________Ⅱ.That they should like each other is natural.__________________________________________________________________ 常用句型:1) It is + n. +从句It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是……It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是…It is a fact that……是事实It is common knowledge that……是常识*_______________(很遗憾)we lost the match.*______________(这是事实)he cheated in the exam.2) It is + adj. +从句It’s certain that…肯定…It is possible that... 很可能……It is unlikely that... 不可能……It is obvious that…很明显…It is necessary \important \natural\... that…*_________________(很可能)she will come back tomorrow.*_________________(很明显)this measure is effective.3) It +不及物动词+从句It happened that... 碰巧……It occurred to me that…我突然想起…It seems that…似乎…It appears that…看来…*________________(刚好)I came into the office at that time.*____________________(我突然想起)I forget to send the letter.4) It + be +过去分词+从句It is said that... 据说……It is known to all that... 众所周知……It is reported that... 据报道……It is believed that... 据信……;人们相信……It is suggested that + (should）do... 建议……It must be admitted that…必须承认……It cannot be denied that…不可否认……It must be pointed out that…需指出的是……*___________________(据报道)20 people were killed in the accident.*___________________(建议)we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise.短语1.It is adj ( for sb. ) to do sth.important，necessary，natural ，impossible ，unusual ，rare ，easy ，hard ，difficult ，pleasant ， likely, right, wrong, clear, obvious, certain, 等。
2. It is adj ( of sb. ) to do sth.good （好心的），nice（有教养的），polite，kind ，brave ，careless，honest ，modest ，wise ，clever ，thoughtful, careful, crazy，bad ，lazy ，rude ，cruel ，foolish ，silly ，stupid ，等。
3. It‘s no good/use doing…It's (well)worth doing…其他1. It takes sb. ... to do sth. “做．．．要花费某人．．．”。
It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.2. It doesn’t matter whether ( if ) ... “不论（是否）．．．没关系．．．。
It doesn’t matter if they are old.三、形式宾语1.动词+ it + 形容词/名词+（for sb +）to do+ that 从句2.动词+ it + 形容词（important、necessary、natural、essential）+ that从（should）The chairman thought ___ necessary to invite Mr. Obama to visit Peking.A. thatB. itC. thisD. him译：我认为你去参加这会议很重要。
3. 动词（accept, regard, take, see,）+ it+ as+ noun/adj. + 从句4. 动词 +it + to sb. + that…owe it to sb. that…把…归功于…leave it to sb that…把…留给某人去做take it for granted that 把…想当然keep it in mind that…把…记在心里例 1.Don't bother to tidy your room. Just leave it to me to do.译，他想当然的以为女朋友会再回来。
5. 动词 +it + thatenjoy, like, love, dislike, appreciate，hate, don't mind, feel like, see to / depend on /insist on译： I hate it that you can dance so well but I can't.6. 动词make +it+ a rule +that从句译：他习惯于天亮前起床。