托福阅读备考提升先练什么托福阅读备考提升先练什么?提升词汇量全程受益效率高,今天给大家带来了托福阅读备考提升先练什么。
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托福阅读备考提升先练什么?提升词汇量全程受益效率高托福阅读到底需要多少词汇才够用?我们大家都知道，词汇量有限的话，会严重牵制阅读的速度，如果要实现快速阅读，我们的词汇量到底要达到多少呢?这里有一个标准，那就是我们所具备的词汇量要能够“推理出生词所在语境的意思”，如果把这一标准进行量化的话，我们必须要具备基础词汇和搭配4000-4500个，也就是达到大学四级的水平，以及专业词汇2000个，才能保证基本正常的阅读速度。
托福阅读词汇题详解同时，托福阅读的每套题中，平均有12个词汇题。
很多同学都觉得这是送分题，也往往不给予过多的关注，以至于大量丢分。
而对于想拿满分的同学来说，这个题显得尤为重要，因为他们往往是在词汇题上丢分，才得到最后的29分。
那么，我们就要做到有备无患，防止丢分。
但是，很多考生会对词汇题的准备感到束手无措。
词汇题的考法非常简单直接，就是要求选择4个选项中和原文某一词汇意义表达相同的选项，题目基本都为The word X in the passage is closest in meaning to ...看起来是很简单，只要__知道一个词汇的基本含义就可以做对，但是要准备的词汇范围又很大。
而OG中对于词汇题的解释就是，there is “no list ofwords” that must be tested. 这句话就告诉考生：没有所谓的大纲词汇可供参考，因为根本就没有大纲，考试中要考查到的单词可能是来自牛津字典或朗文字典中的任何一个单词，所以范围很大。
另外，OG中的解释还有一句a word might have more than one meaning, but in the reading passage, only one of those meaning is relevant. 大多数考生遇到的情况是，所碰到的词汇并不是已经让人熟知的第一词义，而是要根据语境上下文推断出的第二词义甚至是第三词义。
托福阅读备考如何做好词汇准备?为此，我们平时要在词汇方面做好充分的准备：1、利用零散的时间背单词，并要积累词根词缀。
可以重点记那些常考的核心词汇，而对于那些不太常用的学科名词、物质名词可以放在第二位。
2、进行高频率的重复，建议把重复的周期控制在7天以内。
具体说来，就是每天背100个单词，把时间控制在半个小时以内，每天过3-4遍，第二天再过一遍前一天的。
单词材料可以找一些相关的阅读词汇书，或者是以往考过的词汇题内容。
3、把背单词和阅读相结合也就是把单词和语境相结合，并还要广泛阅读以及这是增加词汇量的有效方法，也就是要在阅读中加强对已经背过的单词的记忆。
学生可以根据不同的基础，选择OG，阅读机经等相关阅读材料。
平时也可以多做泛读训练，材料可以来自于维基百科等国外原版资料。
新托福考试冲刺试题：The Commercialization of LumberThe Commercialization of Lumber木材的商业化In nineteenth-century America, practically everything that was built involved wood.Pine was especially attractive for building purposes.It is 【durable 】and strong, yet soft enough to be easily worked with even the simplest of hand tools.It also floats nicely on water, which allowed it to be transported to distant markets across the nation.The central and northern reaches of the Great Lakes states—Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota—all contained extensive pine forests as well as many large rivers for floating logsinto the Great Lakes, from where they were transported nationwide.在十九世纪的美国，几乎所有的建筑都是用木头建造的。
松树对于建筑用途特别有吸引力。
它【耐用】且坚固，但足够柔软，即使是最简单的手工工具也能轻易地使用。
它也能很好地漂浮在水上，这使得它能被运到全国各地的遥远市场。
大湖州、密歇根州、威斯康星州和明尼苏达州的中部和北部地区都有大片的松林，还有许多大型河流，用于将原木从大湖运到全国各地。
By 1860, the settlement of the American West along with timbershortages in the East converged with ever-widening impact on the pineforests of the Great Lakes states. Over the next 30 years, lumbering became a full-fledged enterprise in Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota. Newly formed lumbering corporations bought up huge tracts of pineland and set about systematically cutting the trees. Both the colonists and the later industrialists saw timber as a 【commodity】, but the latter group adopted a far more thorough and calculating approach to removing trees.In this sense, what happened between 1860 and 1890 represented a significant break with the past. No longer were farmers in search of extra income the main source for shingles, firewood, and other wood products. By the 1870s, farmers and city dwellers alike purchased forestproducts from large manufacturing companies located in the Great Lakes states rather than chopping wood themselves or buying it locally.到1860年，美国西部的定居点和东部的木材种植园对五大湖州的松树的影响日益扩大。
在接下来的30年里，伐木业在密歇根、威斯康星州和明尼苏达州成为一家成熟的企业。
新成立的伐木业公司收购了大片松兰，开始有计划地砍伐树木。
殖民者和后来的实业家都把木材看作是一种[商品]，但后者采用了一种更为彻底和更为精确的方法来清除树木。
从这个意义上说，1860年至1890年之间发生的事情代表了与过去的重大突破。
农民不再是寻找额外收入的主要****，木瓦，木柴和其他木制品。
到了19世纪70年代，农民和城市居民都从大湖州的大型制造公司购买森林产品，而不是亲自砍柴或在当地购买。
The commercialization of lumbering was in part the product of technological change. The early, thick saw blades tended to waste a large quantity of wood, with perhaps as much as a third of the log left behind on the floor as sawdust or scrap. In the 1870s, however, the 【British-invented band saw】, with its thinner blade, became standard issue in the Great Lakes states lumberfactories.Meanwhile, the rise of steam-powered mills streamlined production by【allowing for 】the more efficient, centralized, andcontinuous cutting of lumber. Steam helped to automate a variety of tasks, from cutting to the carrying away of waste. Mills also employed steam to heat log ponds, preventing them from freezing and making possible year-round lumber production.伐木业的商业化部分是技术变革的产物。
早期厚实的锯片往往会浪费大量的木材，可能有三分之一的原木留在地板上，就像锯末或废料一样。
然而，在19世纪70年代，【英国发明的带锯】以其较薄的锯片成为大湖州木材工厂的标准问题。
同时，蒸汽驱动的工厂的兴起通过【允许】更高效、集中和连续的木材切割来简化生产。
蒸汽有助于自动化各种任务，从切割到带走废物。
磨坊还利用蒸汽加热原木池，防止它们冻结，并使全年的木材生产成为可能。
For industrial lumbering to succeed, a way had to be found to neutralize the effects of the seasons on production. Traditionally, cutting took place in the winter, when snow and ice made it easier to drag logs on sleds or sleighs to the banks of streams. Once the streams and lakes thawed, workers rafted the logs to mills, where they were cut into lumberin the summer. [■]If nature did not cooperate—if the winter proved dry and warm, if the spring thaw was delayed—production would suffer. To counter the effects of climate on lumber production, loggers experimented with a varietyof techniques for transporting trees out of the woods. [■]In the 1870s, loggers in the Great Lakes states began sprinkling water on sleigh roads, giving them an artificial ice coating to facilitatetravel. [■]The ice reduced the friction and allowed workers to move larger and heavier loads. [■]为了使工业伐木业取得成功，必须找到一种方法来抵消季节对生产的影响。