高中英语语法——倒装句, 称倒装句。

英语的基本句型是主语： + 谓语。

如果将主语与谓语调换一、定义（完）全倒装句二、分类：半倒装句（部分倒装）三、运用（一）完全倒装: 主语与谓语交换位置不需任何助动词, 叫完全倒装。

有以下三种情况:1. 当here, there, out, in, up, down等副词放在句首时, 句子需全倒装:There goes the bell! 铃响了！There lived an old man.Here comes the bus.注意: ①在这种情况下倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词, 像go, come, rush等。

②主语如果是代词时不需倒装如Away he went. 他走远了。

2. 方位状语在句首如: In front of the house stopped a police car.Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.Under the tree sat a boy.3. 直接引语在句首, 这种情况可倒装也可不倒装如：What does it mean? asked the boy或the boy asked.（二）半倒装: 主语与谓语的助动词交换位置称半倒装, 有以下数种情况:】【little, never, not, no, hardly, rarely, seldom1. 否定意义的词在句首, 句子半倒装Never shall I forget you. 例：At no time and in no circumstances will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.在任何时候任何情况下中国都不会首先使用核武器。

Little did I understand what he said to me at that time.连词在, 几对并列连词not only…but also,hardly… when等连接两个并列句2.:, 后句不倒装句首, 前句半倒装German also his away from him, but had Not only was everything he takencitizenship was taken away. No sooner had I got to the bus stop than the busstarted. 时不需倒装not only…but also连接两个并列主语注意:①: Not only you but also I like playing chess.如, 前后两句都需倒装在句首时②neither…nor如：Neither do I have a sister nor does my husband.3. only在句首强调状语,主句半倒装:如：Only then did I realize that I was wrong.Only in this way can I learn from my fault.Only when the war was over in 1918, was he able to get back to work.:强调主语不倒装: only注意Only the teachers can use the room. 从句不倒装:在句首时, 主句倒装, that4. so…that句型, so So easy is it that a child can learn it.如：So hard did he work that he finally won the fame.I saw the film, so did he.5.省略了if的虚拟条件句如：Had I been informed earlier, I could have done something.Were she here, she would support the motion.【典型例题】1. _____can you expect to get a pay rise.A. With hard workB. Although work hardC. Only with hard workD. Now that he works hard2. Seldom ____ any mistakes during my past few years of working here.A. would I makeB. did I makeC. I did makeD. shall I make3. Not until all the fish died in the river, _____ how serious the pollution was.A. did the villagers realizeB. the villagers realizedC. the villagers did realizeD. didn't the villagers realize4. Not until I began to work ____ how much time I had wasted.B. did I realize A. didn't realizeC. I didn't realizeD. I realized5.—Do you know Jim quarrel with his brother?—I don't know, _______.A. nor don't I careB. nor do I careC. I don't care neitherD. I don't care also6. Only by practicing a few hours every day _____ be able to waste much time.A. you canB. can youC. you willD. will you7. Not until the early years of the19th century ___ what heat is.A. man did knowB. man knewC. didn't man knowD. did man know8. _____got into the room, _____ the telephone rang.A. He hardly; thenB. Hardly had he; whenC. He had not; thanD. Not had he; when9. Only in this way ______ do it well.A. must weB. we couldC. can weD. we can10.—I don't think I can walk any further.—_____, Let's stop here for a rest.A. Neither can IB. Neither do IC. I didn't think soD. I think so答案：CBABB DDBBB【课后巩固】1.His mother had talked to him for many minutes while he was watching TV, but ＿.A. a little did he hearB. little did he hearC. little heard heD. a little heard heB2 _____the plane.A. Flew downB. Down flewC. Down was flyingD. Down flyB3. During the war, ＿＿＿＿but also he lost his wife and his child.A. not was his job in the lab taken awayB. not only was his job in the lab taken awayC. not merely his job in the lab was taken awayD. not just was taken away his job in the labB2. What sport do you like best?——Springboard diving (跳板跳水).——＿＿＿＿to dive into water from high board!A. What a fun is itB. How fun it isC. How a fun is itD. What fun it isD5. I think this is the first time that we have met.＿＿＿anywhere.A. Before have we never seen each otherB. Never before we have seen each otherC. Each other have we seen never beforeD. Never before have we seen each otherD6.——We have to stop talking here outside. Listen,＿＿＿＿＿!——Hurry up, or we'll be late.A. There goes the bellB. There does the bell goC. There the bell goesD. Goes the bell thereA7. ______ snacks and drinks，but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.A. Not only they broughtB. Not only did they bringC. Not only brought theyD. Not only they did bringB8. She didn't come to the party last Sunday.＿＿＿, she must have made the party more exciting.A. If she cameB. Would she comeC. Had she comeD. Did she comeC9. Hardly ____ when it began to rain.A. had he arrivedB. arrived heD. did he arrive C. he had arrivedC10. I received his mother's telephone call at eleven.＿＿that he was badly hurt in an accident yesterday.A. Then did I knowB. Only then I knewC. Only then did I knowD. Only then knew IC11. There ____ .A. come theyB. they comeC. they are comeD. they will comeB12. ______, I would have given you his address.A. If you asked meB. You had asked meC. Should you have asked meD. Had you asked meD13. Only when you have finished your homework ___ go home.A. can youB. would youC. you willD. you canA14. Many a time _____ me good advice.A. he gaveB. does he giveC. he has givenD. has he givenD．15. Hardly _____ when the bus suddenly pulled away.A. they had got to the bus stopB. they got to the bus stopC. did they get to the bus stopD. had they got to the bus stopD16. ____ have I seen a better performance.A. EverywhereB. somewhereC. Everywhere elseD. NowhereD17. Only when class began ___ that he had left his book at home.A. will he realizeB. he did realizeC. did he realizeD. should he realizeC18. Only in an hour ago ____ out why he was absent.A. did the teacher foundB. the teacher foundC. did the teacher findD. had the teacher foundC19. Not a single word ____ at the beginning.A. did he sayB. has he saidC. he saidD. he has said A．20. ______ that I couldn't be absorbed in the work.A. They made such talkedB. So loudly they talkedC. It was noise outsideD. Such a loud noise did they make D21. ______ that he could not speak for a long time.A. So frightened was heB. So frightened he wasC. Was he so frightenedD. Frightened was heA22. Not only ______ a promise, but he also kept it.A. had he madeB. he had madeC. did he makeD. he makesC23. ______ I had time, I would have run round that lake again.A. IfB. UnlessC. HadD. WhenC．。