50%组织细胞感染量50% tissue culture infection dose, TCID505-氟胞嘧啶5-FCDNA印迹southern blotE试验epsilometer test, E-testO-侧链O side chainRNA印迹northern blotX蛋白hepatitis B X antigen, HBxAg 阿吉劳菌Ajellomyces阿洛西林azlocillin阿米卡星amikacin阿莫西林amoxicillin阿莫西林-克拉维酸amoxicillin-clavulanate阿奇霉素azithromycin阿司米星fortimicin埃及嗜血杆菌H.aegyptius埃可病毒ECHO Virus埃立克体Ehrlichia埃希菌属Escherichia艾肯菌属Eikenella氨苄西林ampicillin氨苄西林-舒巴坦ampicillin-sulbactam 氨基糖苷类高水平耐药high –level aminoglycoside resistance, HLAR氨曲南aztreonam奥斯陆莫拉菌M. osloensis巴龙霉素paromomycin巴西诺卡菌N. brasiliensis白喉棒状杆菌C. diphtheriae白假丝酵母菌C. albicans白联球菌属Leuconostoc百日咳鲍特菌B. pertussis百日咳毒素pertussis toxin, PT败毒梭菌C. septicum斑点杂交dot blot hybridization阪崎肠杆菌E. sakazakii半裸镰刀菌F. semitectum半知菌亚门Deutermycotina棒杆孢线黑粉菌filobasidislla bacillis pora棒状杆菌属Corynebacterium包膜病毒enveloped virus孢子spore 胞壁质murein鲍曼不动杆菌 A. baumannii鲍特菌属Bordetella鲍特志贺菌S. boydii贝纳柯克斯体 C. burnelii苯唑西林oxacillinδ鼻疽诺卡菌N. farcinica鼻硬结亚种K. pneumoniae subs. rhinoscleromatis比阿培南biaperem壁磷壁酸wall teichoic acid鞭毛flagellum变形杆菌属Proteus变形杆菌族Proteeae变异variation变异链球菌S. mutans变异链球菌群mutans group标准菌株standard strain表皮葡萄球菌S. epidermidis表皮癣菌属Epidermophyton表型变异phenotypic variation表型混合phenotypic mixing丙酸杆菌属Propionibacterum丙酸蛛网菌Arachnia propionica丙型肝炎病毒hepatitis C virus, HCV 病毒核心viral core病毒体virion病毒衣壳viral capsid病原微生物pathogenic microorganisms波兹曼军团菌L. bozemanii伯氏疏螺旋体 B. burgdorferi, Bb不动杆菌属Acinetobacter不发酵Nonfermenters不解糖紫单胞菌P. asaccharolytica不耐热肠毒素heat labile toxin, LT布兰汉菌是Branhamella布鲁菌属Brucella部分抑菌浓度fractional inhibitory concentration, FIC草绿色链球菌群Viridans streptococci 草生欧文菌Erwinia herbicola层生镰刀菌 F. proliferatum插入序列insertion sequence, IS查菲埃立克体E. chaffeensis蟾分枝杆菌M. xenopi产单核细胞李斯特菌Listeria monocytogenes产黑色素普雷沃菌P. melaninogenica 产碱杆菌Alcaligenes产碱普罗威登菌P. alcalifaciens产黏变形杆菌P. myxofaciens产气肠杆菌E. aerogenes产气荚膜梭菌C. perfringens长双歧杆菌B. longum长滩军团菌L. longbeachae肠出血型大肠埃希菌enterohemorrhagic E. coli, EHEC肠道病毒enterovirus肠毒素型大肠埃希菌enterotoxigenic E. coli, ETEC肠杆菌科Enterobacteriaceae肠杆菌属Enterobacter肠凝聚型大肠埃希菌enteroaggregative E. coli, EaggEC肠侵袭型大肠埃希菌enteroinvasive E. coli, EIEC肠球菌属Enterococcus肠致病性大肠埃希菌enteropathogenic E. coli, EPEC超广谱β内酰胺酶Extended spectrum beta lactamases, ESBLs成团泛菌P. agglomerans迟缓嗜血杆菌H. segnis齿双歧杆菌B. dentium臭鼻亚种K. pneumoniae subsp. ozaenae穿入penetration穿通支原体M. penetraus传代细胞系或株continuous or infinite cell line or strain传染性痴呆病transmissible dementia 传染性海绵状脑病transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, TSE传染性红斑病erythema infectiosum传统分类法classical classification串珠镰刀菌F. monili forme创伤弧菌V. vulnificus 纯蛋白衍生物purified protein derivative, PPD丛鞭毛lophtrichous丛毛单胞菌属Comamonas醋酸钙不动杆菌 A. calcoaceticus脆弱类杆菌 B. fragilis痤疮丙酸杆菌P. acnes大肠埃希菌E. coli大肠菌素colicin大突变larger mutation丹毒丝菌属Erysipelothrix担子菌亚门Basidiomycotina单鞭毛monotrichous单隔镰刀菌 F. dimerum单环β内酰胺酶monobactams弹状病毒科Rhabdoviridae蛋白酶抗性蛋白Proteinase resistant protein, PrP RES蛋白质印迹Western blot, WB德氏乳杆菌L. debrueckii登革病毒dengue virus地贝卡星dibekacin地红霉素dirithromycin地美环素demecocycline典型菌株type strain丁型肝炎病毒hepatitis D virus, HDV 定量实时荧光PCR real-time PCR东方立克次体R. orientalis东方体Orientia都柏林假丝酵母菌 C. dublinniensis杜克雷嗜血杆菌H. ducreyi杜莫夫军团菌L. dumoffii短黄杆菌 F. breve短链诺卡菌N. brevicatena短双歧杆菌 B. breve断发毛癣菌T. tonsurans对数期logarithmic phase多黏菌素polymyxin多西环素doxycycline多重复活multiplicity reactivation多重耐药结核病multiple-drug resistance tuberculosis, MDRTB恶臭假单胞菌P. putida恶喹酸oxxolinic二倍体细胞株diploid cell strain二分裂法binary fission二相性真菌dimorphic fungus发光杆菌属fermentation繁殖体vegetative form反转录PCR Reverse transcription PCR, RT-PCR芳香黄杆菌F. odoratum放射免疫测定radioimmunoassay, RIA 放线菌Actinomycetes非液化莫拉菌M. nonliquefaciens非洲分枝杆菌M. africanum肥达反应Widal test肺炎克雷伯菌K. pneumoniae肺炎链球菌S. pneumoniae肺炎亚种K. pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae肺炎衣原体C. pneumoniae肺炎支原体M. pneumoniae分解代谢catabolism分类classification分支杆菌属Mycobacterium分枝菌酸mycolic acid奋森螺旋体B. vincentii粪产碱杆菌A. faecalis粪产碱杆菌亚型A. faecalis typeⅡ粪肠球菌E. faecalis疯牛病mad cow disease蜂房哈夫尼菌H. alvei呋喃妥因nitrofurantoin呋喃唑酮furazolidone弗劳地枸橼酸杆菌 C. freundii氟红霉素flurithromycin氟氯西林flucloxacillin氟罗沙星fleroxacin福氏志贺菌S. flexneri腐生葡萄球菌S. saprophyticus复合转座子complex Tn复制周期replication cycle副百日咳鲍特菌B. parapertussis副流感嗜血杆菌H. parainfluenzae副溶血嗜血杆菌H. parahaemolyticus 副嗜沫嗜血杆菌H.paraphrophilus 杆菌bacillus杆菌肽bacitracin肝DNA病毒科Hepadnaviridae肝RNA病毒属Hepatovirus肝病毒属Hepacivirus肝炎病毒hepatitis virus肝炎病毒科Hepeviridae肝炎病毒属Hepevirus感染复数Multiplicity of infection , MOI感受态competence高级专家系统advanced expert system, AES高频重组high frequency recombinant, Hfr高效抗反转录病毒治疗high active antiretroviral therapy, HAART革兰染色gram stain格帕沙星grepafloxacin格式链球菌属S. gordonii根毛霉属Rhizomucor根霉属Rhizopus庚型肝炎病毒hepatitis G virus, HGV 供体菌donor共头霉科Syncephalastraceae沟迹梭杆菌 F. sulci钩端螺旋体Leptospira钩端螺旋体属leptospira狗布鲁菌 B. canis枸橼酸杆菌属Citrobacter光滑假丝酵母菌 C. glabrata龟分枝杆菌M. chelonei龟分枝杆菌龟亚种M. chelonei subps chelonei龟分枝杆菌脓肿亚种M. chelonei subsp abscessus海分枝杆菌M. marinum汉赛巴通体 B. henselae豪氏变形杆菌P. hauseri禾谷镰刀菌 F. graminearum合成代谢anabolism合成琼脂synthetic agar, SNA河弧菌V. fluvialis核酸检测nucleic acid test, NAT核糖霉素ribostamycin核糖体ribosome核心多糖core polysaccharide核质nuclear material黑脓素pyomelanin红脓素erythromycin红色毛癣菌trichophyton-purpureum 红细胞吸附hemadsorption红紫青霉Penicillium roseo-purpureum 宏量肉汤稀释法macrodilution test呼肠病毒科Reoviridae呼吸respiration弧菌vibrio弧菌科Vibrionaceae弧菌属Vibrio化脓棒状杆菌C. pyogenes化脓性链球菌S. pyogenes化脓性球菌pyogenic cocci坏死梭杆菌F. necrophorum环丙沙星ciprofloxacin黄病毒flavivirus黄病毒科Flaviviridae黄单胞菌属Xanthomonas黄杆菌属Flavobacterium磺胺二甲氧嘧啶sulfadoxine磺胺甲基异噁唑sulfamethoxazole, SMZ磺胺林sulfamethoxypyrazine, SMPZ 磺胺米隆sulfamylon, SML磺胺嘧啶sulfadiazine, SD回复突变backword mutation or reverse mutation回归热疏螺旋体B. recurrentis获得性免疫缺陷综合症acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS霍乱毒素Cholera Toxin, CT霍乱弧菌V. cholera霍氏鲍特菌B. holmesii鸡血藤欧文菌Erwinia milletiae基因盒gene cassettes基因芯片技术gene chip基因型变异genotypic variation基因整合gene integration基因重配gene reassortment 基因重组gene recombination基因转移gene transfer吉力蒙假丝酵母菌 C. guilliermondi吉他霉素kitasamycin脊髓灰质炎病毒poliovirus加拿大立克次体R. canada加特纳菌属Gardnerella加替沙星gatifloxacin家畜衣原体 C. pecorum荚膜capsule荚膜肿胀反应quelling reaction甲砜霉素thiamphenicol甲硝唑metronnidazole甲型肝炎病毒hepatitis A virus, HA V 甲氧西林methicillin假白喉棒状杆菌 C. pseudodiphtheriticum假单胞菌属Pseudomonas假根rhizoid假结核棒状杆菌 C. pweudotuberculosis假结核耶尔森菌Y. pseudotuberculosis 假膜pseudomembrane假丝酵母菌Candida假丝酵母菌属Candida假性阿利什霉Pseudallescheria尖孢镰刀菌 F. oxysporum尖锐湿疣condyloma acuminatum, CA 艰难梭菌 C. difficile兼性厌氧菌facultative anaerobe检验医学laboratory medicine鉴定identification交叉复活crossing reactivation胶孢镰刀菌 F. subglutinans酵母菌Saccharomycetes接合conjugation接合亚门zygomycotina节皮菌Arthroderma杰克群棒状杆菌 C. jeikeium-CDC group JK结核分枝杆菌Mycobacterium tuberculosis结核菌素tuberculin结核菌素试验tuberculin test结核菌外分泌特异性抗原external secreted specific antigen结膜干燥棒状杆菌 C. xerosis金黄色葡萄球菌S. aureus金氏杆菌属Kingella近平滑假丝酵母菌 C. parapsilosis旧结核菌素old tuberculin , OT居泉沙雷菌S. fonticola局限性转导restricted transduction具核梭杆菌F. nucleatum聚合酶链反应polymerase chain reaction, PCR聚茴香脑磺酸钠sodium polyarethol sulfonate, SPS军团菌科Legionella菌毛fimbria 或pilus菌丝hypha菌丝体mycelium卡泊芬净caspofungin卡介苗Bacille Calmette-Guerin, BCG 卡芦莫南carumonam卡那霉素kanamycin卡氏肺孢菌pneumocycsis carinii, PC 卡氏肺囊虫pneumocycsis Carinii, PC 卡他布兰汉菌Branhamaceae catarrhalis卡他莫拉菌M. catarrhalis卡-布Cary-Blair堪萨斯分枝杆菌M. kansaii抗菌药物敏感试验antimicrobial susceptibility test, AST抗菌药物梯度法E-test抗生素相关性腹泻antibiotic-associated diarrhea抗酸杆菌acid-fast bacillus抗酸染色acid-fast stain柯萨奇病毒coxsackie virus颗粒丙酸杆菌P. granulosum可变梭杆菌F. varium克菲假丝酵母菌C. kefyr克拉霉素clarithromycin克拉维酸clavulanic acid克林霉素clindamycin克柔假丝酵母菌C. krusei 克雅病Creulzfeldt-Jakob disease, CJD 克雅病变种variant of CJD, v-CJD空斑形成试验plaque formation孔蛋白porin proteins口腔链球菌S. oralis苦味诺卡菌N. amarae库鲁病Kuru disease狂犬病病毒Rabies virus狂犬病病毒属Lyssavirus溃疡棒状杆菌 C. ulcerans溃疡分枝杆菌M. ulcerans溃疡梭杆菌 F. ulcerans拉氏梭杆菌 F. russii蜡样芽孢杆菌 B. cereus蜡质waxes劳特菌属Raoultella酪酸梭菌 C. butyricum雷氏普罗威登菌P. rettgeri类白喉棒状杆菌diphtheroid bacilli类病毒viroid类杆菌属Bacteroides类脂A lipid A类志贺邻单胞菌P. shigelloides梨孢镰刀菌 F. poae犁头霉菌Absidia李斯特菌属Listeria立克次体Rickettsia立氏立克次体R. rickettsii痢疾志贺菌S. dysenteriae连接链酶反应ligase chain reaction, LCR链霉素streptomycin链球菌属Streptococcus链状乳杆菌L. catenaforme两歧双歧杆菌 B. bifidum邻单胞菌属Plesiomonas林可酰胺类lincosamides临床实验室标准化研究所Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, CLISI临床微生物学clinical microbiology淋病奈瑟菌N. gonorrhoeae磷壁酸teichoic acid流感嗜血杆菌H. influenzae流行性感冒病毒influenza virus流行性乙型脑炎病毒epidemic type B encephalitis virus硫代硫酸钠-枸橼酸盐-胆盐-蔗糖Thiosufate-citrate-salts-sucrose, TCBS 硫磺样颗粒sulfur granule硫酸脑苷脂sulfatides鲁氏普罗威登菌P. rustigianii绿脓素pyocyanin绿色气球菌A. viridans氯霉素chloromycin氯霉素类chloramphenicol氯碳头孢loracarbef氯唑西林cloxacillin孪生球菌属Gemella轮状病毒属rotavirus罗红霉素roxithromycin罗伦隐球菌Cryptococcus laurentii罗美沙星lomefloxacin罗琴培养基Lowenstein-Jensen medium罗他霉素rokitamycin螺杆菌属Helicobacter螺菌spirilla螺形菌spiral bacterium螺旋体spirochetes裸病毒naked virus瘰疬分枝杆菌M . scrofulaceum洛菲不动杆菌A. lwoffi麻风分枝杆菌M. leprae麻风菌素皮肤试验lepromin skin test 马勒伯克霍尔德菌Burkholderia mallei马链球菌S. equi马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂potato dextrose agar, PDA马内菲青霉Penicillium marneffei麦迪霉素medemycin麦氏弧菌V. metschnikovvi毛结节菌Piedraia毛霉科Mucoraceae毛霉属Mucor毛癣菌属Trichophyton梅毒螺旋体T. pallidum, TP酶联免疫吸附试验enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA霉菌mold美罗培南meropenem美洛西林mezlocillin美欧卡霉素miocamycin美他环素metacycline弥散泛菌P. dispersa米克戴德军团菌L. micdadei米勒链球菌S. milleri米勒链球菌属miller group米诺环素minocycline密螺旋体属Treponema蜜蜂双歧杆菌 B. globosum绵羊布鲁菌 B. ouis免疫印迹试验Western blot, WB免疫荧光测定immunofluorescence assay, IFA灭菌sterilization敏感susceptible, S命名nomenclature模式种type species膜磷壁酸membrane teichoic acid摩根菌属Morganella摩根摩根菌M. morganii莫拉菌科Moraxellaceae莫拉菌属Moraxella莫氏立克次体R. mooseri莫西沙星moxifloxacin木糖氧化产碱杆菌 A. xylosoxidans木糖氧化亚种Subsp xylosoxidans木贼镰刀菌 F. equiseti萘啶酸nalidixic acid萘夫西林nafcillin奈瑟菌属Neisseria奈氏放线菌 A. naeslundii奈替米星netilmicin耐热肠毒素heat stable toxin, ST耐热直接溶血素Thermostable direct hemolysin, TDH耐热直接溶血素相关溶血素Thermostable direct hemolysin related hemolysin, TRH耐药resistant耐药传递因子resistance transfer factor,RTF耐药决定因子resistance determinant factor, r决定子耐药突变株drug-resistant mutant南非诺卡菌N. transvalensis囊托apophysis囊轴columella脑膜炎败血性黄杆菌 F. meningospticum脑膜炎奈瑟菌N. meningitidis内毒素endotoxin内涵体inclusion bodies内含子intron内氏放线菌A. naeslumdii尼可霉素Z nikkomycin Z拟态弧菌V. mimicus拟枝孢镰刀菌F. sporotrichioides黏丝试验string test粘液层slim layer黏液放线菌A. viscous黏质沙雷菌S. marcescens鸟鲍特菌B. avium鸟-胞内复合物分枝杆菌M. avium-intracellulare complex MAC/MAIC尿气球菌A. urinae凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌coagulase negative staphylococcus, CNS牛布鲁菌B. abortus牛分枝杆菌M. bovis诺氟沙星norfloxacin诺卡菌属Nocardia诺维梭菌C. novyi偶发分枝杆菌M. fortuitum帕尼培南panipenem哌拉西林piperacillin哌拉西林-三唑巴坦piperacillin-tazobactam潘氏变形杆菌P. penneri培氟沙星pefloxacin培养基culture medium皮乔特产碱杆菌A. Piechaudii片球菌属Pediococcus瓶霉科Saksenacaceae 破伤风梭菌 C. tetani匍匐菌丝stolon葡萄球菌属Staphylococcus葡萄牙假丝酵母菌 C. lusitaniae普遍性传导general transduction普城沙雷菌S. plymuthica普氏立克次体R. prowazekii普通变形杆菌P. vulgaris齐-尼染色Ziehl-Neelsen technique奇异变形杆菌P. mirabilis气单胞菌属Aeromonas气味沙雷菌Aerococcus前噬菌体prophage浅白隐球菌Cryptococcus albidus腔隙莫拉菌M. lacunata茄病镰刀菌 F. solani亲水气单胞菌 A. hydrophila禽流感病毒avian influenza virus, A VI 青春双歧杆菌 B. adolescantis青霉素G penicillin G青霉素V penicillin V青霉素类抗生素penicillins青脓素pyoverdin庆大霉素gentamycin琼氏不动杆菌 A. junii琼脂稀释法agar dilution test球孢子菌属Coccidioides球杆菌coccobacillus球菌coccus曲霉Aspergillus龋齿放线菌 A. odontolyticus犬犬小孢子菌Microsporumcanis缺陷型干扰突变株defective inhibition mutant, DIM染色体chromosome热带假丝酵母菌 C. tropicalis热原质pyrogen人结核分枝杆菌M. tuberculosis人类轮状病毒human rotavirus, HRV 人类免疫缺陷病毒human immunodeficiency virus, HIV人类疱疹病毒human herpes virus, HHV人粒细胞埃立克体HGE人葡萄球菌S. hominis人乳头瘤病毒human papilloma virus, HPV人型支原体M. hominis日勾维肠杆菌E. gergoviac溶脲脲原体U. urealyticum溶血棒状杆菌C. haemolyticus溶血不动杆菌A. haemolyticus溶血孪生球菌G. haemolysans溶血嗜血杆菌H. haemolyticus溶血性尿毒综合征hemolytic uremic syndrome, HUS溶源性噬菌体lysogenic phage溶源性细菌lysogenic bacterium溶源性转换lysogenic conversion溶藻弧菌V. alginolyticus溶组织梭菌C. histolyticus肉毒梭菌C. botulinum肉色诺卡菌N. carnea乳多空病毒科Papovaviridae乳杆菌属Lactobacillus乳球菌属Lactococcus朊粒prion朊粒蛋白prion, PrP三唑巴坦tazobactam森林鼠布鲁菌B. neotomaes杀鲑气单胞菌 A. salmonicida沙保罗琼脂Sabouraud agar沙雷菌属Serratia沙粒病毒科Arenaviridae沙门菌属Salmonella沙眼衣原体C. trachomatis深红沙雷菌属S. rubidce生化反应biochemical reaction生物合成biosynthesis生物恐怖bioterrism生物双名法binominal nomenclature生物型biotype生殖器支原体M. genitalium石竹叶琼脂carnation leaf agar, CLA 实验室生物安全laboratory biosecurity 释放release嗜醇黄杆菌F. spiritivorum嗜肺军团菌Legionella pneumophilia 嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌S. maltophilia嗜沫嗜血杆菌H. aphrophilus嗜糖黄杆菌 F. multrivorum嗜温黄杆菌 F. thalpophilum嗜血杆菌属Haemophilus噬菌体bacteriophage or phage噬菌体型phagetype受体菌recipient舒巴坦sulbactam疏螺旋体Borrelia输血传播病毒transfusion transmitted virus, TTV鼠疫耶尔森菌Y. pestis数值分类法numerical classification衰亡期decline phase双鞭毛amphitrichous双氯西林dicloxacillin双歧杆菌Bifidobacterium双球菌diplococci, 单数为diplococcus 水田黄杆菌F. mizutaii司帕沙星sparfloxacin丝状菌filamentous fungus丝状血细胞凝集素filamentous hemagglutinin, FHA斯氏假单胞菌P. stutzeri斯氏普罗威登菌P. stuartii死亡梭杆菌 f. mortiferum四环素tetracycline似马链球菌S. equisimilis宋内志贺菌S. sonnei(数)内黄杆菌F. gaduuchiae苏尔加分枝杆菌M. szulgai宿主范围突变株host-range mutant, hr 梭杆菌属Fusobacterium梭状芽孢杆菌Clostridium羧苄西林carbenicillin索状因子cord factor肽聚糖peptidoglycan泰洛肠杆菌 E. taylorac贪婪丙酸杆菌P. avidum炭疽芽孢杆菌 B. anthracis探针probe碳青霉烯类carbapenems糖肽类glycopeptides替卡西林ticarcillin替卡西林-克拉维酸ticarcillin-clavulanate替硝唑tinidazole田鼠分枝杆菌M. microti条件致病微生物conditioned pathogen 条件致死性突变株conditional-lethal mutant头孢氨苄cefalexin头孢吡肟cefepime头孢丙烯cefprozil头孢泊肟cefpodoxime头孢布烯ceftibuten头孢地尼cefdinir头孢呋辛cefuroxime头孢菌素cephalosporins头孢克洛cefclor头孢克肟cefixime头孢拉定cefradine头孢雷特ceforanide头孢美唑cefmetazole头孢孟多cefamandole头孢尼西cefonicid头孢哌酮cefoperazone头孢哌酮-舒巴坦cefoperazone-sulbactam头孢匹林cefapirin头孢匹罗cefpirome头孢羟氨苄cefadroxil头孢曲松ceftriaxone头孢噻啶cefaloridine头孢噻吩cefalotin头孢噻肟cefotaxime头孢他啶ceftazizidime头孢替坦cefotetan头孢西林cefoxitin头孢唑啉cefazolin头孢唑肟ceftizoxime头霉烯类cephamycins头状葡萄球菌S. capitis突变mutation突变型mutant土霉素oxytetracycline土壤杆菌属Agrobacterium 豚鼠耳炎诺卡菌N. otitidis-caviarum 豚鼠气单胞菌 A. caviae脱壳uncoating脱硝亚种Subsp. Denitrificans妥布霉素tobramycin妥舒沙星tosufloxacin唾液链球菌群salivarius group外霉素exotoxin外膜outer membrane外排泵系统efflux pump system外显子exon外周蛋白peripheralproteins外-斐反应Weil-Felix reaction弯曲菌属Campylobacter万古霉素vancomycin万古霉素耐药的肠球菌vancomycin resistant enterococci, VRE微量肉汤稀释法microdilution test微球菌属Micrococcus微生物学microbiology微生子梭杆菌 F. gonidiaformans微需氧菌microaerophilic bacterium微隆气单胞菌 A. veronii维丝假单胞菌 C. viswanathii卫星病毒satellite virus伪马勒伯克霍尔德菌Bur rkholderia pseudomeuei伪膜性结肠炎pseudomembrane colitis 温度敏感性突变株temperatue-sentitive mutant, ts温和链球菌S. mitis温和链球菌群mitis group温和气单胞菌 A. sobria温和噬菌体temperate phage稳定期stationary phase无丙二酸盐枸橼酸杆菌 C. amalonaticus无花果沙雷菌S. ficaria无乳链球菌S. agalactiae无色杆菌Achromobacter五日热巴通体 B. auintuna戊型肝炎病毒hepatitis E virus, HEV 吸附absorption稀释法dilution test细胞壁cell wall细胞病变效应cytopathic effect, CPE细胞膜cell membrane细胞微生物学cellular microbiology细胞质cytoplasm细胞基质cytoplasmic matrix细胞质膜cytoplasmic membrane细菌bacterium细菌L型bacterial L form细菌分类学bacterial taxonomy细菌染色体bacterial chromosome细菌素bactericin细菌素型bactericin-type细菌性阴道炎bacterial vaginosis, BV 细小病毒科Parvoviridae腺病毒伴随病毒adeno-associated virus,AA V腺嘌呤环酶毒素adenylcyclase toxin, ACT腺热埃里克体E. sennetsu消毒disinfection消化链球菌属Peptostreptococcus硝基咪基类nitromidazole小RNA病毒科Picornaviridae小结肠耶尔森菌Y. enterocolitica小节分裂resistance-nodulation-division, RND小克银汉霉科Cunninghamellaceae小突变smaller mutation辛辛那提弧菌V. cincinnatinesis欣氏鲍特菌B. hinzii新陈代谢metabolism新恶酸cinoxacin新霉素neomycin新生线黑粉菌Filobasidiclla neoformans新生隐球菌Cryptococcus neoformans 新生隐球菌上海变种 C. neoformans var. shanghaiensis新现病毒emergent virus星形假丝酵母菌C. stellatoidea星形诺卡菌N. asteroids型type性菌毛sex pili 须癣毛癣菌T. mentagrophytes需氧芽胞杆菌属Bacillus许兰毛癣菌T. schoenleinii絮状表皮癣菌 E. floccosum雪腐镰刀菌 F. nivle血链球菌S. sanguis血平板Blood Agar, BA血清型serotype血液链球菌S. sanguis牙髓紫单胞菌P. endodontalis牙龈紫单胞菌P. gingivalis牙周梭杆菌 F. periodonticum芽孢spore芽孢杆菌属Bacillus亚胺培南imipenem亚病毒subvirus亚特兰大莫拉菌M. atlantae亚种subspecies延缓期lag phase盐酸林可霉素lincomycin厌氧菌anaerobic bacteria厌氧球菌Anaerobic cocci厌氧消化链球菌P. anaerobius厌氧芽孢杆菌anaerobic sporeforming bacilli燕麦培养基oatmeal agar, OR羊布鲁菌 B. melitensis羊毛小孢子菌Microsporum Lanosum 羊瘙痒病scrapie氧氟沙星ofloxacin氧头孢烯类oxacephems恙虫病立克次体Rickettsia tsutsugamushi恙虫病立克次体R. tsutsugamushi耶尔森菌属Yersinia野生型wild type液化沙雷菌S. lique faciens一步法生长曲线single-burstexperiment伊丽莎白巴通体 B. elizabethae伊蒙菌Emmoniella衣原体Chlamydia衣氏放线菌 A. israelii医学微生物学medical microbiology医院感染nosocomial infection医院获得性感染hospital-acquired infection, HAI遗传heredity乙肝e抗原hepatitis B e antigen, HBeAg乙肝病毒表面抗原hepatitis B surface antigen, HBsAg乙肝病毒核心抗原hepatitis B core antigen, HBcAg乙酰螺旋霉素acetylspiramycin乙型肝炎病毒hepatitis B virus, HBV 异染颗粒metachromatic granules异型枸橼酸杆菌C. diversus阴道加特纳菌Gardnerella vaginalis, GV阴沟肠杆菌E. cloacae龈沟梭杆菌F. alocis隐球菌Cryptococcus隐球菌属Cryptococcus婴儿双歧杆菌B. infantis鹦鹉热衣原体C. psittaci荧光假单胞菌P. fluorescens荧光素fluorescence优杆菌属Eubacterium幽门螺旋杆菌H. pylori原卟啉protoporphyrin原代培养细胞primary cultural cells原核细胞prokaryote原生质体protoplast原生质体融合protoplast fusion原位杂交in site hybridization猿分枝杆菌M. simiae约翰逊不动杆菌A. johnsonii越橘诺卡菌N. vaccinii窄食单胞菌Stenotrophomonas诊断微生物学diagnosis microbiology 真核细胞eukaryote整合蛋白integral proteins整合子integron正常菌群normal flora正嗜肝病毒科Orthohepadnavirus正向突变forward mutation支气管鲍特菌B. branchiseptica 支原体Mycoplasma脂多糖lipopolysaccharide, LPS脂磷壁酸lipoteichoic acid纸片扩散法disc diffusion test指数期exponential phase指纹图谱finger print志贺毒素Shiga toxin, ST志贺菌属Shigella质粒plasmid质量保证quality assurance, QA致育因子fertility factor, F factor中和试验neutralization test, NT中间普雷沃菌P. intermedia中间型链球菌S. entermedius中介intermediate, I中介体mesosome种系分类phylogenetic classification重组免疫印迹recombinant immunoblot assay , RIBA重组体recombinant舟形梭杆菌 F. naviforme周鞭毛peritrichous周质间隙periplasmic space猪布鲁菌 B. svis主动转运active drug efflux主动易化major facilitator, MF专性需氧菌obligate aerobe专性厌氧菌obligate anaerobe转导transduction转导性噬菌体transducing phage转化transformation转化因子transforming principle转座子transposon, Tn子囊菌亚门Ascomycotina紫单胞菌属Porphyromanas紫色毛癣菌T. violaceum自然分类natural classification足分枝菌病mycetoma组织胞浆菌属Histoplastoma组装assembly最小杀菌浓度minimal bactericidal concentration, MBC最小抑菌浓度minimal inhibitory concentration, MIC左氧氟沙星levofloxacinβ棒状杆菌噬菌体corynephage βδ病毒属Deltavirus。