above average 高于平均水平 below average 低于平均水平on average 平均，一般的 of average intelligence 智力一般 an average of 平均一、词汇变形 1.consume(v.)消费 Book6 Uni4 Global warming 词汇导学案mit(v.)---commitment(n.) 承诺,交托---consumer(n.)---consumption(n.)2.renew(v.)更新---renewable(adj.)可更新的3. subscribe (v.)同意，订阅---subscription(n.)订阅---subscriber(n.)订阅者4.trend (n.)趋势，走向---trendy(adj.)时髦的5.oppose(v.) 反对---opposite(adj.) 相 反的--- opponent(n.)对手---opposition(n.)反对 6. mild(adj.)---mildly(adv.)温和的 7. environment(n.)---environmental(adj.) ---environmentally(adv.) 8.state(v.)陈述---statement(n.) 9.steady(adj.)---steadily(adv.) 10.economy(n.)---economical(adj.) 节约的 ---economic(adj.)经济的 11. existence(n.)---exist(v.)存在 ---existent(adj.)存在的：实有的二、重点单词1.tend v 趋向 ，照料，照顾13. pollute(v.)---pollution(n.) ---pollutant(n.)污染物 14. appliance(n.)用具,器具---apply(v.)应用 15. grow(v.)---growth(n.)成长16. casual(adj.)随意的---casually(adv.)17.wave(n.)波---microwave(n.)微波炉18.fresh(adj.)新鲜的---freshness(n.)---refresh(v.)使恢复,使振动19. educate(v.)---educator(n.)---education(n.)教育20. c ontribute(v.)贡献---contribution(n.)21. present(v.)提交,呈上(adj.)在场的,现在的---presentation(n.)显示，演出22.agree(v.)---disagree(v.)不同意---disagreement(n.)分歧，不一致tend to do 易于做某事，往往做某事 = be likely to so sth.tend (to) sb. 照料,护理= attend to sb. =care for = take care of=look afterOpportunities and success tend to be in favor of those who are ready.1) *社会上有很多父母对孩子过分呵护。
2) *当今孩子们用电脑获取他们需要的信息。
__2. average n 平均数，一般水平 adj 平均的，中等的◆(用于名词前) The world’s average temperature has risen by about 0.8℃ since 1900. ❖ 中等的,适中的(normal or typical) He was in his late twenties and of average height .♦ 平常的；普遍的(not special; ordinary) Freddy was an average student, but not an average person. 1) *我们平均每天上五节课。
_ _2) *研究表明，中国人每天平均四十分钟看微信。
3. subscribe vi. 同意；捐赠；订阅 vt. （签署）文件；捐助◆同意，赞成 subscribe to = agree with/ approve of.../ be for…/ be in favor of…反对 object to doing/ be opposed to doing/ disagree with/ disapprove of…/ be against… ❖订阅 I decided to subscribe to some magazines useful for my work.♦subscribe sth. to ... 捐助…(=donate / contribute …to/give away)He subscribes 10000yuan to the church every year.subscribe one’s name to sth. 签署名字prep. 4. oppose vt. 反对；反抗；对抗；使反对，使相对（与to 连用）oppose doing sth. 反对做… (= be opposed to doing sth.)as opposed to…[表示对比] 而；而非：①His daughter is very athletic, as opposed to his son, who is very clever.②Two hundred people attended the meeting, as opposed to 300 the previous y ear.相对的 对面的；另一边的 on opposite side of the street. 相反的 相反的；完全不同的 in the opposite directionhold the opposite opinion(= think differently)opposite 位置相对 在….的对面The hotel is only 5 blocks away opposite the bank .相反之物 对立物，反义词 Long is the opposite of short.opponent n. 对手1)然而，其他人反对参加各种课外活动。
__2)*反对使用因特网的人认为利大于弊。
__ _5. state vt. 陈述; 说明 n. 状况; 状态; 国家; 政府 statement n. 声明，陈述 ①in a state of… 在…情况下 in a good/bad state 状况良好/不好 a state of mind 心态 be in poor/good condition 状况好/不好 living conditions 生活条件②It is/was stated that … 据称,… make a statement 陈述；发表声明*It is important to keep up ____ _. 保持良好的心态很重要。
6. advocate v ．主张，拥护，提倡； n.提倡者，倡导者advocate doing sth. 拥护/支持/主张做某事advocate that sb. should do sth. 主张做某事an advocate for/of sb. /sth. 支持某人/某事的人1) The report advocated that all buildings __ ______ (fit) with smoke alarms.2) *活动的主题是使我们城市更漂亮，倡导低碳生活方式。
__ _7. circumstance n. 环境，情形（常用复数）境况，状况（常用复数）circumstances permitting 情况允许的话financial /social circumstances 经济状况/社会状况in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下in no circumstances 绝不（=in no way/by no means/ at no time/ on no account ）8. quantity n. 数量 quality n. 质量a quantity of / quantities of 谓语动词由quantity 的数决定in quantity /in large quantities 大量地1) Quantities of water __ ______ (waste) every day.2) There are __ ______ (quantity) of goods in that shop for customers to choose from.9. range n. 范围； v 在…范围内变化; 从…到…不等a range of services/productsin our price range in the 17-20 age range out of her range of visionThere is a mountain range called the Alpn. adj.out of/beyond one's range 超越……的范围 in/within range 在范围内；在射程内 a wide /broad range of 范围广泛的range from …to …/between …and … 从……到……不等vi 包括 The show had a massive audience, ranging from children to grandparents.处于某个范围之内 The price ranges between $25 and $400.1) *The book covers a variety of subjects, ranging from … to….2) *The show had a massive audience, ___ (range) from children to grandparents.3)*除传统活动外，我们有更广的选择，诸如旅游和走亲访友。
__ _10. commitmentcommit vt①犯罪，犯错误 1)commit murder/ a crime/a mistake ___②承担义务，作出保证2)The world has already committed to__ ( establish ）a Climate Adaptation Fund. ③vt 投 入 commit sth to doing sth. be committed to doing sth. 坚定的/尽心尽力的做….3)Commit an hour to _ (read) the newspapers every morningcommitment n. 投入，奉献； 承诺，许诺； 承诺的事，责任猜测词义：4) *A career as an actor requires one hundred percent c ommitment .____ _ 5) *She has made a commitment to going bottle free. ___11. contribution 贡献,捐款，捐献物,稿件，作品 contribute vt.&vi.作贡献，捐献；投(稿) contribute v contribution n.贡献钱，力， 主意为某事发生做贡献为出版社做贡献 1)I gave a contribution of 100 yuan to the church.___2)This is a magazine with contributions from well-known travel writers.___3)*我敬佩爱迪生，因为他为世界做出了很大的贡献__三、重点短语1. glance at/ take a glance at …匆匆一看；一瞥 at first glance 初看起来；乍一看catch sight of = catch a glimpse of (考察冠词) glance over one ’s shoulder “回头一看” glare at 怒视 stare at 凝视2. result in = lead to/ contribute to 导致；促成result from = arise from 由…引起(=lie in/consist in/exist in 在于)四、重点句型1. There is no doubt that that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.There is no doubt that…毫无疑问It is …that…强调句型rather than …而不是 It is A, rather that B, that matters. 重要的是 A 而不是 B.2. Together, individuals can make a difference . We don’t have to put up with pollution.3. Your contribution counts ! count /matter 重要 （=mean a lot/mean everything ）投稿，撰稿促使，造成 贡献，捐助contribute(基本义)贡献。