46. Thus, in this explanation the subject merges his unique personality and personal and moral code with that of larger institutional structures, surrendering individual properties like loyalty, self-sacrifice and discipline to the service of malevolent systems of authority.因此，在该解释中，对象将自己独特的人格以及个人和道德编码融入更大的制度结构之中，放弃了个性特点，比如忠诚、忘我和纪律，来服务于恶意的权威系统。
47. In purely scientific terms, Baekeland’s major contribution to the field is not so much the actual discovery of the material to which he gave his name, but rather the method by which a reaction between phenol and formaldehyde could be controlled, thus making possible its preparation on a commercial basis.如果用纯粹的科学语言描述，贝克兰对该领域的主要贡献实际上并不是发现了由他命名的材料，而是发现了控制苯酚和甲醛之间化学反应的方法，因此使此配制品的商业化成为可能。
48. Recently, however, it has been experiencing something of a renaissance, with renewed demand for original Bakelite objects in the collectors` marketplace, and museums, societies and dedicated individuals once again appreciating the style and originality of this innovative material. 然而，最近它又经历了一次“复兴”，在收藏品市场再次出现了对最初的酚醛塑料制品的需求，而博物馆、研究协会和一些爱好者又重新开始欣赏这种新型材料的风格和原创性。
49. But most modern humor theorists have settled on some version of Aristotle`s belief that jokes are based on a reaction to or resolution of incongruity, when the punchline is either a nonsense or, though appearing silly, has a clever second meaning.但是，大多数现代幽默理论家承袭了亚里士多德的观点，认为笑话是当妙语是一句胡闹的话，或者看起来很愚笨却有另外一层聪明意思的时候，人们对不协调氛围的一种反应或解决。
50. The orbital cortex, the region that becomes active in Goel`s experiment, seems the best candidate for the site that feeds such feelings into higher-level thought process, with its close connections to the brain`s sub-cortical arousal apparatus and centers of metabolic control.在Goel的实验中变得活跃起来的与眼睛有关的皮层似乎是把这些情感传感送给更高层次的思维程序的最佳选择，因为它与大脑亚皮层的觉醒装置和控制新陈代谢的中枢都有非常密切的联系。
51. All warm-blooded animals make constant tiny adjustments in arousal in response to external events, but humans, who have developed a much more complicated internal life as a result of language, respond emotionally not only to their surroundings, but to their own thoughts.所有暖血动物都会经常根据外界的变化对自己的觉醒度做出调整，但是人类由于拥有语言而发展出了一套更加复杂的内部活动机制，从而不但对他们的环境，也对他们自己的思想做出情绪反应。
52. When the Aswan dams were constructed in the 26th century to provide electricity and irrigation, and to protect the huge population center of Cairo and surrounding areas from annual flooding and drought, most of the sediment with its natural fertilizer accumulated up above the dam in the southern, upstream half of Lake Nasser, instead of passing down to the delta.为了提供电力和灌溉，同时也为了使开罗这个人口稠密中心以及周边地区免受洪灾和干旱之苦，在20世纪建成阿斯旺大坝。
当大坝建成之后，大量蕴含天然肥料的沉积物在位于纳塞尔人工湖南部的大坝里往上聚积，不再顺流而下，流至三角洲。
53. When hill-farmers, for example, can make more money in a few weeks working as porters for foreign trekkers than they can in a year working in their fields, it is not surprising that many of them give up their farm-work, which is thus left to other members of the family.比如，山民为外国徒步旅行的人当几个星期的挑夫，赚的钱就比他在田地里干一年活赚的还要多，所以就不难理解他们中有许多人放弃了农田，将其留给家里的其他成员照管。
54. Much attention has focused on erosion along major trails, but perhaps more important are the deforestation and impacts on water supplies arising from the need to provide tourists with cooked food and hot showers.主要道路上的侵蚀吸引了很多关注，但是或许更重要的是为了满足旅行者生火做饭和洗热水澡的需要而带来的森林砍伐和用水供应的影响。
55. Careful consideration of our system of numeration leads to the conviction that, rather than being a facility that comes naturally to a person, it is one of the great and remarkable achievements of the human race.对我们的计算体系进行仔细考虑之后，我们坚信，它属于人类一项伟大而卓越的成就，而不是一个人与生俱来的技能。
56. Almost unbelievably, it is a mere 100years since that train arrived and the audience screamed and fled, convinced by the dangerous reality of what they saw, and, perhaps, suddenly aware that the world could never be same again ---that, maybe, it could be better, brighter, more astonishing, more real than reality.那么火车驶过来，观众惊声尖叫，四散奔逃，对他们所看到的危险现实信以为真，或许突然意识到，世界将为之改变，可能会变得比现实更美好、更光明、更令人吃惊、更真实，这一情景仅仅发生在一百年以前，几乎令人难以置信。
57. Eliminating the secrecy surrounding pay by openly communicating everyone`s remuneration, publicizing performance bonuses and allocating annual salary increases in a lump sum rather than spreading them out over an entire year are examples of actions that will make rewards more visible and potentially more motivating.通过公开告知每个人的酬劳从而消除有关薪水的秘密，公开业绩奖金，一次性地增加年薪，而不是分摊到全年，这些都是使报酬更明朗、更具有潜在激励性的例子。
58. Another hypothesis suggests that decreased processing of glucose could indicate to cells that food is scarce (even if it isn`t) and induce them to shift into an anti-aging mode that emphasizes preservation of the organism over such “luxuries” as growth and reproduction.另外一个假说提出，葡萄糖的加工减少可以向细胞表明食物短缺（即使情况并非如此），诱使细胞转向抗衰老模式，该模式注重有机体的保护，而不是注重像成长和繁殖这样的“奢侈行为”。