Holder/bearer
Holder for value a person who possesses an instrument for which value has been given by himself or by some other person prior to him in forms of money, goods,or services. 有代价的持票人，指善意的并付出代价而取的票据的持有 人

British law UK Bills of Exchange Act of 1882 US Uniform Commercial Code of 1962, Article 3 French and German law Uniform law for Bills of Exchange and Promissory Notes of Geneva of 1930 Convention Providing a Uniform Law for International Bills of Exchange and International Promissory Notes and Convention Providing a Uniform law for International Checks United Nations 1988 Negotiable Instrument Law of People’s Republic of China

According to the tenor (期限)
Demand draft/ sight draft Time/ usance draft/after sight Payable at a fixed time after sight ( the accepting date) Payable at a fixed time after date ( the issuing date) Payable at a fixed future date/deferred payment bill

The origin of bills



Bill is originated from Ancient Greek & Roma. In the 12th century, it was popular in some Italian cities with the development in marine trade. In China,飞钱\贴子： money order used in Tang Dynasty ;交子 ：a paper currency in Northern Song dynasty Now, it is widely used in settlement.
第一节 票据的概念及法理 Concept and legal principle of bills

何谓票据？

广义：所有商业上用作权利凭证的单据(document of title)。无论是否可流通，是否有价，是否代表物 权。(Documents of title to the goods) 狭义：仅指流通票据(negotiable instruments )。以支 付一定金额为目的，可以流通转让的有价证券。 (negotiable securities to pay a certain sum of money ) 即票据法上规定的票据，汇票本票和支票。
1)
2)
3)
e.g. “at a fixed time after a B/L date”
2.2.4 Classification of a bill of exchange
According to whether commercial documents are attached thereto clean draft; documentary draft
汇票的特征


基本当事人有三：出票人、付款人、收款 人； 具有法定特征； 无条件支付命令:


Pay to the order of B in our No.1 account （从 1号帐户中支付 ） the sum of one thousand pounds. Pay to the order of C provided the goods are complied with contract the sum of one thousand pounds.


Holder in due course 善意持票人 refers to a person who obtains the instrument through giving the value by himself; his rights over the bill will not be affected by the title defects of his direct prior party.
三、票据的种类
汇票、本票和支票 （1）汇票与支票是委托式的票据。它是由出票人签发 的，委托付款人于规定的时间无条件地向受款人支付 一定金额的流通证券。因此，汇票与本票均有三个当 事 人 ， 出 票 人 （ drawer ） 、 受 款 人 (payee) 和 付 款 人 （ drawee ）。汇票与支票的主要区别在于：支票必须 以银行为付款人，而汇票的付款人不以银行为限，既 可以是银行，也可以不是银行。 （2）本票是允诺式票据，它是由出票人允诺于规定时 间无条件地由他自己向受款人支付一定金额的流通证 券。所以，本票只有两个当事人，即出票人和受票人。 本票的出票人就是付款人。
For: China National Import & Export Corporation,
Signature
2.2.3 Parties to a bill of exchange
(1) The drawer (2) The drawee (3) The payee (4) Acceptor (5) Endorser (6) Endorsee (7) Holder (8) Discounter贴现人 (9) Guarantor 保证人
Exchange for US $ 35,000.00 Shanghai, April 2, 2007 At 60 days sight, pay to the order the Bank of China The sum of US Dollars Thirty-five Thousand only. Value received To: The Citibank New York, U.S.A. Chemicals S.B.
Negotiation can be effected only by delivery or endorsement and deliveБайду номын сангаасy.
The transferee in good faith can acquire a better title than that held by all his prior parties.
A
Drew a draft on B
C
Endorsed and lost it
D
Picked it up and transferred it to E for value
E
Accepted the draft
Gave it as a present
B
2.2.4 Classification of a bill of exchange
票据的作用

汇兑作用 the role of remittance
信用工具作用 the role of credit instrument 支付工具作用 instrument of payment 流通的作用the role of circulation



二、票据的概念和特征
1、概念 票据又称流通证券（negotiable instrument）,是权利财产的 一种，其全部权利得依票据的交付或背书而合法转让，善意 的受让人得享有票据上的全部权利，不受其前手的权利瑕疵 的影响。
票据法体系

大陆法系：

《日内瓦统一汇票、本票法》和《日内瓦统一支票法》合称 为《日内瓦统一法》。

英美法系：


英国、加拿大、美国、澳大利亚等 英国1882年《票据法》和美国1897年《统一流通证券法》 1996年1月1日始生效的《中华人民共和国票据法》

我国票据法：

Negotiable instrument laws
Spencer’s building.humdinger Road Karrachi-Pakistan for :
NCUT XIEZHAOYANG
票据的内容

“汇票”字样（Bill of Exchange） 无条件支付命令(Unconditional order to pay) 出票日期和地点 付款期限 确定金额 付款人 付款地点 收款人※ 出票人名称和签字



汇票

Bill of exchange
P408
section 3, bill of exchange act, 1882,UK
A Bill of exchange is an unconditional order in writing, addressed by one person to another, signed by the person giving it, requiring the person to whom it is addressed to pay on demand or at a fixed or determinable future time a sum certain in money to or the order of a specified person or to bearer.