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小学英语名词专题

No pains,no gains.
(没有付出就没有收获)
专讲二名词
名词:表示人,事物,地点或抽象概念的词。

可数名词单数1个用an/a 来表示
名词复数2个或2个以上用数字和复数形式s/ es 来表示
不可数名词
一. 可数名词。

英语中可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,表示一种事物或一个人用单数,表示一个以上的人或事物用复数。

1.名词变复数的规则变化
⏹一般情况下,在名词后面加-s构成复数形式。

如:
desk—desks map—maps cat—cats girl—girls
⏹以s, x, ch, sh结尾的词,在词尾加-es构成复数形式。

如:
bus—buses box—boxes watch—watches dish—dishes
⏹以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,先变y为i,然后再加-es。

如:
fly—flies family—families body—bodies
温馨提示:以“元音字母+y”结尾的词,直接在词尾加-s,如:
day—days boy—boys key—keys
⏹以f或fe结尾的词,应先变f或fe为v,然后再加-es。

如:
knife→knives wife→wives leaf→leaves life→lives
2.名词变复数不规则变化。

黑人,英雄爱吃土豆,西红柿和芒果,是以o结尾的,变复数加-es,其它以O结尾的加-s。

如:
Negro(黑人)hero(英雄)potato(土豆)tomato(西红柿)mango(芒果
Negroes heroes potatoes tomatoes mangoes(mangos)
➢单复数同形,中国人,日本人,绵羊,鱼,还有一只小鹿。

Chinese(中国人) Japanese (日本人)sheep(绵羊)fish (鱼)deer (鹿)Chinese Japanese sheep fish deer
➢单词中由man 或women 构成的合成词,其复数形式是,把a变成e。

如:man woman policeman Englishman(英国人)
men women policemen Englishmen
➢有些单词变复数是将词中的oo变成ee,如:
foot (脚)tooth (牙齿)goose(鹅)
feet teeth geese
➢死死地记住不规则变化的单词,如:
child(小孩)mouse(老鼠)German (德国人)ox(牛)
children mice Germans oxen
二.不可数名词。

常见的不可数名词:
water (水)juice(果汁)ink(墨水)beer(啤酒)milk(牛奶)coffee(咖啡)tea(茶)
rice(大米)butter(黄油)cheese (奶酪)bread (面包)chocolate(巧克力)honey(蜂蜜)jam (果酱)tobacco(烟丝)beef(牛肉)chicken(鸡肉)pork(猪肉)fish(鱼肉)steak(牛排)soap(香皂)paper(纸)news(新闻)sugar(糖)vinegar(醋)salt(盐)sauce(酱油)Chant:物质名词不可数,金、木、水、火、土与沙;牛奶、面包、布与茶;咖啡、果汁、葡萄酒;
钢、铁、煤、油、粉笔、墨水、作业纸;头发、新闻和天(天气)气(空气)。

当不可数名词需要计量时,要用“数词或冠词+of+不可数名词”来表示。

a piece of……一块/张/片…… a piece of paper —two pieces of paper
a loaf of ……一个…… a loaf of bread—some loaves of bread
a bar of ……一条…… a bar of chocolate —three bars of chocolate
a bottle of……一瓶…… a bottle of milk —ten bottles of milk
a pound of ……一磅…… a pound of sugar —ten pounds of sugar
a tin of……一听…… a tin of tobacco —100 tins of tobacco
习题:请将下面单词变成复数。

eye day year man woman
boy girl son daughter Englishman
brother sister friend teacher pupil
doctor driver policeman worker ear
cat pig duck fish horse
mouse chicken hen dog panda
giraffe frog fox tiger elephant
peacock rabbit tree flower wolf
monkey apple boy banana toy
pear orange tomato potato carrot
box bed light toy candle bench brush balloon picture book ruler pen pencil eraser kike
egg cake photo bus jeep
taxi room floor school classroom city baby story way class grade hobby German sheep deer Chinese foot tooth watch wish wife body knife English
一、用名词的适当形式填空。

1.Look, there are three ______(boy).
2.Two _____ (man) are walking.
3.There is a _____(teacher) in the classroom.
4.How many ______(apple) can you see?
I can see 4_____(apple)
5. Is there a ______(box) in the room?
6. There are many_____(sheep) in the zoo.
7. We can see five______(monkey) in the zoo.
8. What’s this? This is a ______(peacock).
9. These are_______(monkey).
10. They are not ________(dog).
11. They are______(fox).
12. What are they? They are colorful_______(balloon).
13. Dog has got a _______(banana) and 4______(pear).
14. Rabbit has got some _______(apple).
15. Tiger has got a ______(tiger).
16. Those are ______(tomato).
17. They’re ______(orange).
18. These are______(potato).
二、把下列单词变复数形式。

1.frog________
2. balloon________
3. sister__________
4. flower_________
5.driver_________
6. season ________
7. bench___________
8. brush__________
9. fox__________ 10. box__________ 11. tomato__________ 12.potato__________
三、写出下列名词的单数形式。

1. tomatoes__________
2. birds_________
3. grapes___________
4. toys_____________
5. sheep___________
6. children_________。

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