别非谓语动词的难度。 一个句子通常不能有两个或两个以上的谓 语动词， 除非动词是并列谓语或者分别出现 在主从复合或并列句中；一个句子也不可能无 谓语动词（谓语省略的情况除外）。
例① At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant
park with trees providing shade and _D____
一些及物动词常用它们的过去分词作表语、 状语、定语、补足语等，表示伴随或状态： be lost, be hidden, be seated, be dressed in, be faced with, be determined to do, be devoted to , be interested in, …
down to eat our picnic lunch. (2005上海）
A. sitting
B. having sat
C. to sit
D. sat
解析：
此题大家易受习惯心理影响选择分词，即
Ａ或Ｂ项，而and实际上作为并列连词并列的
是found及sat两个动作，而非并列providing与
sitting.
B 例② Prices of daily goods _____ through a computer can be lower than store prices.
A. are bought
B. bought
C. have been bought D. buying
解析：此题学生最易错选的答案为Ａ或Ｃ。依据 上面陈述，填入Ａ或Ｃ句子都有两个谓语动词， 而此处两个动词并非并列谓语，也不是分别出 现在主从句中，故答案有误。该题正确答案为 Ｂ，bought through a computer为一过去分词 短语作后置定语，句中只有一个谓语can be lower than。当然此题如改为Prices of daily goods which have been bought through…也是正 确的，因为这一动作出现在从句中。
考点归纳一：非谓语动词的时态、语态形式
不定式 一般式 完成式 进行式 完成进行式
主动 to do to have done to be doing to have been doing
被动 to be done to have been done
分词 一般式 完成式
主动 doing having done
高 考英语语法 复 习
非谓语动词
不定式（to do)
非
过去分词(-ed) -ed 分词
谓 分词
语
现在分词(-ing)
- ing 分词
动名词(-ing)
非谓语动词和谓语动词的识别
顾名思义，非谓语动词就是在英语中不 能作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能的动词。近 年来高考命题常常通过改变熟悉的句型结构或 利用一些“ 貌合神离” 的手段，加大考生辨
4.He found Irene _s_e_a_te_d_(seat) at the piano with her hands arrested on the keys.
1. ___A__ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than
a doctor.
homework when the teacher came in. 3. I’m sorry _t_o_h_a_v_e__gi_v_e_n_(give) you so much trouble. 4. _N_o_t_h_a_v_i_n_g_r_e_c_e_iv_e_d_ (not receive) an answer, I wrote

3. Faced with a bill for £10,000, ___A____.
to him again. 5. They stood by the roadside __t_a_lk_i_n_g__ (talk) about
the plan. 6. _H_a_v_i_n_g_b_e_e_n__g_iv_e_n__ (give) an emergency treatment,
the patient was out of danger. 7. The teacher entered the room, __f_o_ll_o_w_e_d__ (follow)
1._L_o_s_t_ (lose)in thought, he almost ran into the tree.
2.He was still _d_e_v_o_t_e_d_ (devote) to the study of chemistry.
3.I left him, _d_e_t_e_rm__i_n_e_d_(determine) never to set foot in that house again.
A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed
2. __C___ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask
his boss for advice.
A. To face B. Having faced C. Faced D. Facing
by the students.
说明：
非谓语表示的动作 非谓语动词的形式
在谓语表示的动作之后
与谓语表示的动作同时 发生
在谓语表示的动作之前
to do
doing 或 to be doing
to have done 或 having done
不定式和分词的完成被动式则表示动作的完成和被动，及 物动词的过去分词既表示被动又表示动作已完成, 个别动词 的过去分词只表示完成(多数为不及物动词)
被动 being done having been done
过去分词只有一种形式：done
1. They went there _t_o__v_is_it__ (visit) their teacher. 2. The students pretended _t_o_b__e_d_o_i_n_g__(do) their