我们都有过这样沮丧的经验，很容易听懂中国人说的英语，但是同样的对话一到英美人的嘴里，便觉得很难跟上，有时甚至是不知所云。
这主要是因为我们说的英语通常单词一个一个的发，每个都很清晰，词与词之间有明显的pause, 但是英美人的口语会有很多音变，这些音变使得我们很熟悉的单词的发音变得陌生，难懂，给我们的听力造成了很大的困难，因此了解并使用各音变规则会帮助我们提高听力，使我们的发音更加地道。
音变主要有连读、失音、弱化、浊化、同化、重音、缩读等形式。
言归正题, 以下列出给听力造成很大障碍的五种音变现象及其读音规则，以及最后一项关于英语的节奏，希望能有所帮助！一、连读连读有四种类型：1 Consonant / Vowel2 Consonant / Consonant3 Vowel / Vowel4 T, D, S, or Z + Y1、以辅音结尾的单词+元音开头的单词：要连读如：Your eyes1a(one a) a bowl of rice. My name isLA (Los Angeles) [e lei]902-5050 [nai nou tu: fai vou fai vou]注意：以辅音结尾指的是音标中的最后一个音是辅音，而不是单词的结尾，这如同u[ju:.]niversity前面的定冠词必须用a 一样。
另：以辅音结尾的单词+ h开头的单词h不发音，人称代词：he、him、her、his与前面的辅音连读。
Did he? Does he? Was he?Has he?Is he? Will he?Would he? Can he?Wouldn't you?(wooden chew?)Shouldn't I?(shudn nai)Won't he? (won knee?)Didn't he?(didn knee?)Hasn't he?(haz a knee?)Wouldn't he?(wooden knee?)Isn't he?(is a knee?)Isn't it? (is a nit?)Doesn't it?(duza nit?)Aren't I?(are nai?)Won't you?(won chew?)Don't you?(don chew?)Can't you?(can chew?)Could you?(ku dʒu:?)Would you?(wu d3ju?)Tell him to ask her….Leave him For himGive her a book.Giv-er a book. Tell him to ask her.Tell-im to ask-er. What will he do?What will-i do? Where will he go?Where will-i go? When will he come?When will-i come? who will he meet?who will-i meet? How will he know?How will-i know? Has he gone?Has-i gone? Had he done it before?Had-i done it before?Must he go?Must-i go?Can he do it?Can-i do it?Should he leave?Should-i leave?2、辅音+辅音的连读如果前面的单词结尾的清辅音，后面单词开头是与之相对应的浊辅音，或者相反，只发后面的辅音t-d tʃ-dʒs-zʃ-ʒp-b f-v k-gsi t down I don’t know（发音再次的老师都不会发出[t] 音）I jus t didn't ge t the chance.Bi g cake Da d tol d me Hu ge change Goo d night3、元音+元音当前面的单词以元音结尾，后面的单词以元音开头，两个元音连读，连读的方法是在中间加w或者加j.以ou结尾的元音后面一般加w。
而以长元音i:结尾的后面加jGo (w)away who (w)is so (w)honest do (w)I?she (j)is但发这两个音的时候不要太强太故作。
不然的话还不如不发。
4、T, D, S, or Z + Y的连读：当一个单词是以t d s z 结尾，后面的单词是以y（j）开头的话要连读：4-1t+y 连读成/tʃ/What’s your name?Can’t you do it?I’ll let you know.4-2d+y连读成/ dʒ u:/Did you see itHow did you like it?Could you tell?4-3s+y连读ʃYes,you areBless youGuess your age4-4 z+y连读成ʒHow’s your family?Who’s your friend?When’s your birthday?呵呵！我第一次知道这一连读规则时，兴奋不已，很容易的听懂了许多以前觉得很难以理解的句子，并且按照这种连读方式发音省力、轻松了许多。
二、失音由于失去爆破是失音的一种现象，摩擦音也会被失去，所以统称为失音。
注意：爆破音并不是完全失去，仍然形成阻碍，把气流堵在里面，但不爆破，直接发出相邻的辅音。
Disappearing /T/关于/t/失音问题：The sound /t/ tends to be unstable in many words and phrases. Sometimes it's there. Sometimes it isn't. There is a process called elision which deletes /t/ when it is preceded by a voiceless consonant and followed by any consonant except /h/. Here are some examples: Christmas last week most people act sensibly software internationalDisappearing /d/we saw that /t/ can disappear in certain circumstances. The same is true of /d/, but the circumstances are slightly different. If /d/ is preceded by a voiced consonant /b d g v D z Z dZ m n N l/ and it is followed by a consonant other than /h/, then it can be deleted (elided). Here are some examples: handbag oldman used toTaken together, the disappearance of /t/ and /d/ is called alveolar plosive elision.三、浊化1、[S] 后面的清辅音要浊化[k] 浊化成[g] sky Discussion：[t] 浊化成[d] Stand[p]浊化成[b]speak Expression还有[tr]—[dr]strike2、美音中t 在单词的中间被浊化成[d]如：writer，听起来和rider 的发音几乎没有区别letter—ladder out of2-1在单词的前面或后面就不浊化比如：Ted took ten tomatoes. first , coast, hot, late,fat, goat, hit, put, not, hurt,等。
2-2在过去式中ed的发音：在清辅音后面发t: laughed [la:ft], picked [pIkt], hoped [houpt], raced [reist], watched [wa: tʃt], washed [wa: ʃt]在浊辅音后面发d : halved [hævd], rigged [rigd], nabbed [næbd], raised [reizd], smoothed [smu: ðd] Exceptions: wicked [wikd], naked [nakd], crooked [kr¨1d], etcT或d后面发/id/ started founded2-3 t和n连在一起的时候，由于口位差不多，通常t就不发音了。
1. interview -innerview2.Internet- innernet3.twenty –twenny4.winter –winner或winder5.enter-enner或ender美国人和加拿大人发音为了省事，习惯清音浊化，尤其是[t]在单词的中间一定会浊化成[d]，但英国人发音不会这样，这也是英音和美音的一大区别。
了解这一浊化原则，会给听力带来一些帮助。
四、弱读一般来说：实词重读，如动词、名词、副词等；虚词弱读，如介词、代词等弱读的规则一般是：元音音节弱化成[ə] 或[ʌ]比如说如下几个单词：for/to/some/does/of查字典会发现这些词都至少有两种读音，如for:重读时[fɔ:] ,弱读时[fə] to有三种读法[tu:][tə][t]some也有三种读法[sʌm][səm][sm].does也有两种读法[dʌz][dəz]of居然有四种读法[ɔv][əv][v][f],没想到啊！真是没想到啊！举几个例子：1、To的弱读：to的前面是辅音弱读成t或tətoday/t’dei/tonight/t’nait/we have to/hæftə / go.To的前面如果是元音，那就弱读成d或dəI go to/goudə /work at a quarter to two We plan to do it.2、for的弱读：在句中读/fər/句末读/f ɔ:r/This is for/fər/ you. It's for/fər/ my friend.What is this for/f ɔ:r/? Who did you get it for/f ɔ:r/?3、and弱读成/n/bread and butter4、or弱读成/ər/Soup or/su:pər/ salad?left or right5、are弱读成/ər/ What are you doing? How are you?6、your弱读成/jər/ How's your family? Is this your car?还有很多，希望多听，细心体会。