五、没有被动语态的动词和词组(1)
• 1、有些“静态”动词不能用于被动语态。 • （have, cost, last, own, suit, hold, fit, belong to, agree with等） • ① The travel lasted 3 weeks.这次旅行持续 了三个星期。 • ② The MP3 costs 500 yuan. • ③ This dictionary belongs to Mike.
2、双宾（举例）
--- A book was given○ to him (by me) yesterday. ﹋﹋﹋ ﹋﹋ ① I gave him a book yesterday. ﹋﹋﹋ ﹋ --- He was given a book (by me) yesterday.
﹋﹋ ﹋﹋﹋ ﹋﹋
3、不带to不定式作宾语补足语的复合宾语
• B:特别提示：主动语态中的“十大怪词”（一感、二听、 三使，四看）后面省略to的不定式，在改为被动语态时， 一定要补上to.(记忆口诀：“使感动词”真奇怪，to在句 中像妖怪，主动语态to走开，被动语态to回来。”) • ①I heard him sing in the next room. • ---He was heard to sing in the next room. ▲ • ②They made us do all kinds of work. • ---We were made to do all kinds of work. ▲ • ③I saw her enter the library. • ---She was seen to enter the library.
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3、带to不定式作宾语补足语的复合宾语
• A:类似
ask/tell/allow/encourage/promise …sb. to do sth.结构：
• ①People should allow teenagers to choose their own clothes. Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. • ②They encourage us to plant more trees. We are encouraged to plant more trees.
• ② Mr Cheng teaches us math this term. ﹋ ﹋﹋﹋ are taught • We math this term. • ③My sister bought me a jacket last week. ﹋ ﹋﹋﹋ was bought for • A jacket me last week
一、运用被动语态的情景
• 1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的 执行者 (这时可省 by 短语)。 • My bike was stolen last night. • 2. 借助被动的动作突出动作的承受者。 • I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer. • 3. 为了更好地安排句子。 • The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people.
被动语态（The Passive Voice)
• 一、运用被动语态的情景(Situations) • 二、被动语态的结构与时态 (Structure and Tense) • 三、被动语态举例(Examples) • 四、主动变被动的方法(Method) （单宾、双宾、复合宾语、宾语从句） • 五、没有被动语态的动词和词组 (Verbs and Phrases) • 六、Exercises
六、Exercises
1、Jay sings many famous songs.(被动语态） Many famous songs are sung byJay. 2、Her mother gave her a new pen.(同义句） A new pen was given to her by her mother. ▲ 3、If he were given (give) one more minute, he would finish (finish) the exam yesterday. 4、The student is made to stand (stand) there for half an ▲ hour. 5、He won’t go to bed until his homework is finished (finish). 6、The heated ice cream scoops were invented (invent) by a man called (call) Lanmon. 7、Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. (被动） A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
五、没有被动语态的动词和词组(3)
• 3、有些词组的主动形式表被动含义：be worth doing, need doing • ①The book is worth reading.这本书值得读。 • ②The bike needs repairing.这辆自行车需 要修理。 •  =The bike needs to be repaired.这辆自行 车需要修理。
﹋﹋﹋
Where is cotton grown in China?
﹋﹋﹋﹋
2、双宾
• 带有双宾语的主动句，变被动句时，一般 把“人”提前。 • 若将“物”提前则要在“人”的前面加to 或for.
• （“make, draw, sing, choose, buy, keep”用for,其他动词用to）.
▲
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4、宾语从句
• • • • • • • • ①They say Mr Mark will come to China soon. It’s said that Mr Mark will come to China soon . 据说Mr Mark马上要到中国来 ② It is reported that it rained heavily in the south of China.据报道 ③ It’s thought/ believed that…据认为… ④ It’s suggested that…有人建议… ⑤ It’s well known that…众所周知… ⑥ It’s hoped that…人们希望…。
过去分词
played
played played played played played played
8、过去将来时
9、情态动词
would/should be was/were going to be
情态动词+be
played
played
三、被动语态举例
① The Great Wall was built more than 2000 years old. ② A new bridge is being built across the Changjiang River. ③ The project will (is going to) be finished next month. ④ Many trees have been planted around the lake. ⑤ Old people should be taken care of/looked after. ⑥ Books can’t be taken out of the library
四、主动变被动的方法
• 宾变主，谓变被，by短语动后随； 若有宾语连着谓，by短语往后退。 • 主动语态的宾语分： 1、单宾 2、双宾 3、复合宾语 4、宾语从句.
1、单宾：
① She does her homework at school.
﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋
Hale Waihona Puke Her homework is done (by her) at ﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋ school.( by短语常省略) ② Where do people grow cotton in China?
（一个主语就够了）
二、被动语态的结构与时态
时态
1、一般现在时
2、一般过去时 3、现在进行时 4、过去进行时 5、现在完成时 6、过去完成时 7、一般将来时
助动词be
am/is/are
was/were am/is/are being was/were being have/has been had /been will/shall be am/is/are going to be
五、没有被动语态的动词和词组(2)
• 2、有些不及物动词的主动形式可以用来表 示被动意义。（cut, wash, write, sell, wear 等） • ① This kind of shoes sells well.这种鞋子很 畅销。 • ② This kind of clothes washes easily.这种 衣服很容易洗。 • ③ The pen writes smoothly. 这支笔写得流 利。