Part
Pre-listening
Listening
A
Background Information New Words and Expressions
Part B
booming trade immigrant link together turnpike fee vehicle
兴旺的贸易 外来移民 连接起来 收费路 费 车辆，机动车
Part
Pre-listening
Listening
A Task 1 Listen and Take Notes Task 2 Listen for Details
Part Listen to the lecture and try to get its main ideas by B taking notes. Fill in the blanks according to your notes.
Toll roads have been criticized as being inefficient in three ways:
1. They require vehicles to stop or slow down, manual toll collection wastes time and raises vehicle operating costs.
comparatively easy.
3. Where the tolled roads are less congested than
the parallel “free” roads, the traffic diversion resulting
from the tolls increases congestion on the road system
Part
Pre-listening
Listening
A
Background Information New Words and Expressions
Part
B
2. Collection costs can absorb up to one-third of
revenues, and revenue theft is considered to be
1.The lecture is mainly about _th__e__re__la__ti_o_n__s_h_i_p__b_e_t_w__e_e_n__ 2. r_o__a_d__b_u__il_d_in__g__a_n__d__e_c_o_n__o_m__i_c__d_e_v_e__lo__p_m__e_n__t _ . 2. The two important agricultural products are _g_r_a__in__and
Unit 1 Presenting a Speech
2012
Part
Pre-listening
Listening
A
Background Information New Words and Expressions
Part
Toll Road
B
A toll road (or tollway, turnpike,
pike, toll highway or an express toll
route) is a privately or publicly built
road for which a driver pays a toll
(a fee) for use. Structures for which
tolls are charged include toll bridges
and toll tunnels. Non-toll roads are
financed using other sources of revenue, most typically fuel tax or general tax funds. The building or facility in which a toll is collected may be called a toll booth, toll
Part
Pre-listening
Listening
A
Background Information New Words and Expressions
Part plaza, toll station, toll bar or toll gate. This building is B usually found on either side of a bridge and at exits.
and reduces its usefulness.
Part A
Part
B toll bridges: a bridge over which traffic may pass upon payment of a toll, or fee
பைடு நூலகம்
Part A
Part
B fuel tax: (also known as a petrol, gasoline or gas tax, or as a fuel duty) an excise tax imposed on the sale of fuel
Three systems of toll roads exist: open (with mainline barrier toll plazas); closed (with entry / exit tolls) and all-electronic toll collection (no toll booths, only electronic toll collection gantries at entrances and exits, or at strategic locations on the mainline of the road).
_c_o_t_t_o_n_ . 3. In the East they _g_r_e_w___g_r_a_i_n_ .
In the South they _g_r_e_w___c_o_t_t_o_n_ . 4. Advantages of roads: _fa__s_t_and c__o_n_v__e_n_i_e_n_t_ . 5. Purpose for road building: t_o__t_r_a_n_s__p_o_r_t_g__ra__in__a__n_d__c_o__tt_o_n__