湘少版小学英语教材英语基础知识纲要1．字母：（大小）辨认、书写顺序；元音字母：A a , Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu2. 数字：1~999的基数词和序数词的运用，如计算、购物、时间、日期等。
句型：①What's your number? ②What’s the time?③How many pens are there?④How old are you? ⑤How much is it?⑥How tall are you? ⑦How heavy are you？⑧What time do you get up? ⑨When's your birthday?⑩What time did you see him?3. 颜色：单词：red, pink, yellow, brown, blue, purple, orange, black, white, green.句型：①What colour is it? ②What’s your favourite colour?4. 时间：年、季节、月、星期、日、时刻：Season( spring, summer, autumn, winter)Month: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December. Week: Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday.Day: 1st May (the first of May), May 2nd ( May the second) 句型：见话题2。
5. 食品与饮料：人对食品与饮料的喜好；东西方食品。
句型：①I like biscuits. ②I’d like a cold drink.③Would you like some buns? ④Do you want some rice?⑤This isn’t my food.6. 服装：服装的颜色；人对服装的喜好；某人的穿戴；所属关系；位置等。
句型：①I like the green T-shirt. ②Where’s my new cap?③Who’s shirt is this?④Is this your hat?7.物品：名词的单、复数；特点、颜色、所属关系；存在的位置（in, on, under, beside, behind, in front of, above, near, inside, outside）。
玩具（toy car, doll, ）文具（desk, book, bag ,pen, pencil, pencil-box, ruler, pencil sharpener,）句型：①What’s this?②What colour is it?③Whose is this? ④This is my brother’s painting.⑤I have a puppet. ⑥There's a car near the hospital.⑦Was it in the wardrobe? ⑧Is there a book on the desk?⑨That's not mine.8.动物和植物：cat, dog, duck, fish, sheep, bird, panda, monkey, rabbit, hen , cock, chick, tiger, lion, pig, cow , mouse (mice), elephant, ladybird, puppy, tree, flower, rose,9. 建筑与场所：factory, hospital, park, house, library, museum, office, farm, post office, bank, police station, railway station, bookstore, school, classroom, skating rink,café, house(bathroom, living-room, sitting-room, bedroom, kitchen)，garden…10. 身体：head, hair, eye, nose, ear, mouth, neck, hand, finger, foot(feet) ,toe…外貌: fat, thin, tall, short, old, young, two big blue eyes, long hair, short hair, black hair.句型：①This is my nose. ②Touch your head. ③Raise your arm.11. 个人情况：姓名、年龄、地址、特点与爱好。
句型：①I'm twelve years old. ②My hobby is reading. ③I like music.④I'm interested in space. ⑤My name is Peter. ⑥I'm tall and thin.⑦Do you have any hobbies?12. 家庭、亲属和朋友：姓名、年龄、地址、职业、特点与爱好、与你的关系family, grandfather(grandpa/granddad), grandmother(grandma/grand mum), father, mother, brother, sister, uncle, aunt, cousin, friend.句型：①Who's he? He's my father. ②He's a doctor ③He likes playing games.④My father helps me. ⑤Is he a soldier? ⑥What’s he?13. 学校：学校建筑和学校生活。
school, classroom, library, playground, Chinese, maths , English, music, computer, PE, art, science,句型：①When do you go to school? ②What time do you have English?14. 情绪和身体状态：happy, sad, tired, angry, shy, sorry, well, sick,句型：①I'm sick. ②I'm happy. ③We are sorry. ④ I feel sad.15. 社交礼仪：礼貌用语；询问与应答。
句型：问候①Hello./ Hi. ②Good morning/afternoon/evening. ③How are you?④How do you do? ⑤Glad to meet you./ Nice to meet you.介绍①My name is…②I’m a pupil.③I’m 12.④This is our teacher, Miss Chen. ⑤He is from Japan.道别①Goodbye./Bye.②See you.③Good night.道谢①Thank you./Thanks.②You’re welcome.道歉①Sorry.②I’m sorry.③Excuse me.请求①Can I have a puppy?②Can I borrow a pencil?③Yes, please.④Of course.祝愿①Happy birthday.②Merry Christmas.提供帮助①Can I help you?②What can I do for you?③What’s the matter?寻求帮助和建议①What can I do?用餐①Do you want some soup?②Would you like some rice?③I'd like a cold drink.购物①Which one do you want?②Can I look at it?③I want a red one, please.④It's too expensive.⑤Have you got enough money? ⑥How much is it？16.国家与国庆日：China, Japan, America (the USA), English( the UK), Australia, Russia, Canada, Singapore, India, France,句型：①When’s your country’s National Day? ②I come from China.17.天气与气候特征：hot, cold, cool, warm, sun, sunny, rain ,heavy rain, rainy, wind, strong wind, windy, snow , heavy snow, cloud, cloudy, …句型：①What's the weather like? ②It’s a cold day.③Spring is warm and nice. ④Tomorrow will be rainy. ⑤I like a sunny day.18. 节日：节日的特点；节日的活动。
New Year's Day, Spring Festival, Children's Day, Mid-autumn Festival, Teachers' Day , National Day, Christmas Day, Dragon Boat Festival.19. 正在发生的事情：现在进行的动作和发生的事。
句型：①Are you making a kite ?②Peter is writing. ③What's Anne doing?④Where are you going? ⑤What are they doing? ⑥Is he running? 20.日常生活：日常生活、工作、学习的活动。
句型：①I come to school by bus. ②Your homework is good.③What time do you get up? ④She always get up early.21. 计划与打算：计划和将要进行的动作be going to do …句型：①I’m/You’re /He’s/She’s /We’re/They’re (not) going to swim.②Are you going to swim? ③Is he/she going to visit Anne?④What are you going to do? ⑤What is he going to do?⑥When are they going to swim? ⑦Tomorrow will be rainy. ⑧ I'll stay at home.22. 能力和可能：能做某事或可能进行某事。