精品文档2018英语专业四级考试真题及参考答案PART III LANGUAGE USAGEfour each sentence there are in There are twenty sentences this section. Beneathanswers sentence or the and D. Choose one that best completes the B, options marked A, Cthe question. Mark hour answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.build s first attempt to 'Cairo The 11. Bent Pyramid outside __________ ancient Egypta smooth-sided pyramid.A. has been believed to have beenB. was believed to beC. is believed to have beenD. is believed to be12. U.S. News ____________ rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popularresource for students looking to apply to university campus.A. maintainsB. is maintainingC. maintainedD. has been maintaining13. He was lured into a crime he would not ____________have committed.A. actuallyB. accidentallyC. otherwiseD. seldom14. She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard anda view of_____________ mountains behind the apple orchard.A. blue hazy VirginiaB. hazy blue VirginiaC. Virginia hazy blueD. Virginia blue hazy.精品文档15. I long to alleviate __________, but I cannot.A. the evilB. evilC. evilsD. an evilkilling very point of football, as body 16. Indeed, it is arguable that shattering is theand maiming ______________.A. warB. are warC. of warD. are of warlight-sensitive a during which process, 17. At ____________, photography is a chemicalmaterial is altered when exposed to light.A. its most basicB. its basicC. the most basicD. the basicname her had only to learn that Gabriel removed lawyer 18. She hired a to investigate,”only to learn is used __________. “from the deed. The infinitive verb phraseA. to express an intended purposeB. to indicate a high degree of possibilityC. to reveal an undesirable consequenceD. to dramatize a stated fact19. Which of the following italicized words DOES NOT carry the metaphorical meaning?behind this change of plan.'s A. I wonder what behind him.B. Jim turned to speak to the person standingbehind. m getting terribly C. This work should have been finished yesterday. I'behind me all the way. 'm lucky because my parents were D. I suppose Iwould have been immensely20. My mother was determined to help those in need and she.精品文档sentence in the these been achieved last 20 years. The italicized part what proud of hasexpresses _______.A. a hypothesisB. a suggestionC. a contradictionD. a surprise21. When the police officers who took part in the King beating were first brought to___________, their lawyers used the videotape as evidence against the prosecution.A. justiceB. testimonyC. trialD. verdict22._________, the most controversial candidate in the election campaign, he has beenstrongly criticized for his crude comments about women.A. QuestionablyB. ArguablyC. ContentiouslyD. Debatably23. Prices have recently risen in order to __________ the increased cost of rawmaterials.A. cutB. buoyC. offerD. offsetany giving __________ “has no of she court says The 24. celebrity in papers authorization to anyone to proceed with a divorce.”A. recommendationB. recordingC. recollectionD. recognition.精品文档is rooted in —25.What actually __________ a good angle — or a good selfie overallwhat we consider beautiful.A. consistsB. constitutesC. composesD. constructs26. The school is going the ________ mile to create the next generation of sportingstars thanks to its unique development program.A. finalB. furtherC. supplementaryD. extrarepairing calling for lawsuit union _________ a against the district 27. The teachers' school conditions. ”deplorable“A. firedB. filedC. finedD. filledth century cargo ship was found by an underwater 28. Last March the__________ of a 19archaeological team.A. debrisB. ruinsC. remainsD. wreckpremieres. to movie carpets from __________ designs worn '29. Shes his on occasions redA. countlessB. countableC. numericalD. numeral.精品文档analysis released its and operations company has 30. A leading ___________ intelligenceof worldwide reported incidents of piracy and crime against mariners.A. oceangoingB. oceanicC. marineD. maritimePART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passageif inserted in the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letterfor each word on ANSWER SHEET.A Few years ago, a university professor tried a little experiment. Hesent Christmas cards to a sample of perfect strangers. Although he expectedsome reaction, the response he received was amazing—holidaycards addressedto him came pouring back from the people who had never met nor heard of him.The great majority of those who returned a card never inquiredinto theidentity of the unknown professor. They received his holidaygreeting card,and they automatically sent one in return. This study shows the action ofone of the most powerful of the weapons of influence aroundus—the rulefor reciprocation. The rule says that we should try to repay, in kind, whatanother person has provided us. If a woman does us a favor,we should doher one in return; if a man sends us a birthday present, weshould rememberhis birthday with a gift of our own; if a couple invites usto a party, weshould be sure to invite them to one of ours. By virtue of the reciprocityrule, then, we are obligated to the future repayment of favors, gifts,invitations, and the like. So typical is it for indebtedness to accompany.精品文档the receipt of such things that a term like “much obliged”has become asynonym for “thank you,” not only in the English languagebut in othersas well.The impressive aspect of the rule for reciprocation and the sense ofobligation that goes with it is its pervasiveness in human culture. It iswidespread that after intensive study, sociologists such as so AlvinGoldener can report that there is no human society that does not subscribeto the rule.PART V READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions.For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWERSHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE（1）The earliest settlers came to the North American continent to establishcolonies that were free from the controls that existed in European societies. Theywanted to escape the controls placed on their lives by kings and governments, priestsand churches, noblemen and aristocrats. The historic decisions made by those firstsettlers have had a profound effect on the shaping of the American character. By limitingthe power of the government and the churches and eliminating a formal aristocracy, theycreated a climate of freedom where the emphasis was on the individual. Individualfreedom is probably the most basic of all the American values. By freedom, Americansmean the desire and the ability of all individuals to control their own destiny withoutoutside interference from the government, a ruling noble class, the church, or any otherorganized authority.(2) There is, however, a price to be paid for this individual freedom: self-reliance. It means that Americans believe they should stand on their own feet,achieving both financial and emotional independence from their parents as early as.精品文档possible, usually by age 18 or 21.the drawn to have traditionally been A second important reason why immigrants (3)succeed and enter a race everyone has a equal chance to United States is the belief thatformal were forbidden in the Constitution, no in the game. Because titles of nobilityclass system developed in the U.S.(4) There is, however, a price to be paid for this equality of opportunity:person must run the race in order race, then a of life is seen as competition. If muchlife the competition in with others. The pressures of to succeed; a personmust competeof an American begin in childhood and continue until retirement from work. In fact,mainstream the fit into compete successfully does not any group of people who does notof American life as well as those who do.(5) A third reason why immigrants have traditionally come to the United StatesStates the United its abundant natural resources, is to have a better life. Because ofland of plenty where millions could come to seek their fortunes. appeared to be a “ became a slogan for the American dream. Many going from rags to riches”The phrase “people did achieve material success. Material wealth became a value to the Americanpeople, and it also became an accepted measure of social status. (6) Americans pay a price, however, for their material wealth: hard work. Hardhistory. their most Americans throughout and has been both necessary rewarding for workBarry abilities. 's evidence are seen as of peopleIn some ways, material possessionspoor people are that 1964, said most poor a Goldwater, candidate for the presidency inmany but a this harsh statement, deserve they to be. Most Americans would find becausemight think there was some truth in it.Rather, American character. of the whole story the tell basic (7) These values do notAmerican of the explore we continue to more facets as as thought should they be of themes,character and how it affects life in the United States.41. Para.4 seems to suggest that __________.A. Americans are born with a sense of competitionB. the pressure of competition begins when one starts workC. successful competition is essential in American societyD. competition results in equality of opportunities42. Which of the following methods does the author mainly use in explaining Americanvalues?.精品文档A. ComparisonD. Cause and effectC. DefinitionD. Process analysisPASSAGE TWOman who invented the(1) The Nobels are the originals, of course. Alfred Nobel,deadly explosives, decided to try and do something good with all the money he earned,—and gave prizes to people who made progress in literature, science, economics andpeace.perhaps most importantly—(2) Not all rewards are as noble as the Nobels. Even though most countries havea system of recognizing, honoring and rewarding people who have done something goodkinds for all and award ceremonies are their countries, there now hundreds of awards inof things.American film a time for the (mostly) (3)The Oscars are probably the most famous,stars big for lots of is and an annual opportunity it industry to tell itself how goodto give each other awards and make tearful speeches. As well as that there are alsothe Golden Globes, evidently for the same thing.---there are also Grammies, Brits, the Mercury Prize But it's not only films(4)Britain, a writer who wins the Booker Prize can expect to and the MTV for music. In difficult, literary novel hit the bestseller lists and compete with the Da see theirartistsBritish contemporary is an award for for Vinci Code popularity. The Turner Prizeeach year it causes controversy by apparently giving lots of money to artists who —this yeardo things like displaying their beds, putting animals in glass cases or—building a garden shed.—Personality Sports awards for for exist arts. There are now Awards (5) don't onlyYear, for European Footballer of the Year and World Footballer of the Year. ofthesometimes awards can be good to give recognition to people This seems very strange—of money carry on their work who don't makewho deserve it, or to help peoplea lot certainly days these butabout without worrying finances, professionalsoccer playersaren't short of cash!.精品文档award their own the world also (6) Many small towns andhave communitiesover allgraduated from ceremonies, for local writers or artists, or just for people whohavehigh school or, got a university degree. Even the British Council has its own awards“Innovation in English Language Teaching”.fornever recently? Shakespeare and ceremonies appeared (7) Why have all these awardswon a prize, nor did Leonardo Da Vinci or Adam Smith or Charles Dickens. artists and the past, scientists possible to say, however, that It(8) in would be“ a king or a lord would give the artists or —could winform rich peoplepatronage”making ways of help or them develop new money scientists to have them paint their palacesmoney. With the change in social systems across the world, this no longer happens. Alot of scientific research is now either funded by the state or by private companies.(9)Perhaps award ceremonies are just the most recent phase of this process.(10) However, there is more to it than that. When a film wins an Oscar, manywill go and see it, or buy the DVD. When a writer wins the Nobel Prize, morepeoplemany more people buy their books. When a group wins the MTV awards, the ceremony isseen by hundreds of thousands of people across the world. The result? The group sellslots more records.(11) Most award ceremonies are now sponsored by big organizations or companies.This means that it is not only the person who wins the award who benefits---but alsonot only music, the sponsors. The MTV awards, for example, are great forpublicizingbut also MTV itself!situation, with everyone being -(12) On the surface, it seems to be awin”“Win marketing thatdo you think and publicityfar —a ask let happy, but me you questionhoware winning here, and how much genuine recognition of achievement is taking place?s tone when he mentions awards such as the Oscars, the Golden 43. What is the author'Globes and Grammies (Paras. 3 & 4)A. Amused.B. Appreciative.C. Sarcastic..精品文档D. Serious.44. According to Para. 4, what would happen to award winning writers?A. They would enjoy a much larger readership.B. They would turn to popular novel writing.C. They would continue non-fiction writing.D. They would try controversial forms of art.45. Which of the following statements best sums up Para. 6?A. Awards ceremonies are held for local people.B. Awards ceremonies are held on important occasions.C. Awards ceremonies are held in certain professions.D. Awards ceremonies are held for all sorts of reasons.46. According to Para. 8, one difference between scientists and artists in the pastand those at present lies in_____________.A. nature of workB. personal contactC. source of fundingD. social status47. It can be concluded from Para. 12 that the author thinks awards________.A. promote market rather than achievementsB. do good to both market and popularityC. help those who are really talentedD. are effective in making people popularPASSAGE THREEwas taken from a heart trouble, great care (1) Knowing that Mrs. Mallard sufferedto break to her as gently as possible the news of her husband's death.sentences. Her husband's was her sister Josephine who told her, in broken (2) Itfriend Richards was there, too. It was he who had been in the newspaper office whennews of the railroad disaster was received, with Brently Mallard's name leading thesecond a by of its truth time had list of “killed”. He only taken the to assure himselftelegram.She wept at once, in her sister's arms. When the storm of sadness had spent (3)itself she went away to her room alone. She would have no one follow her. sank, she this armchair. a open facing There (4) stood, the window, comfortable Intopressed down by a physical exhaustion that haunted her body and seemed to reach intoher soul..精品文档delicious trees. The house the tops of could see in the open square before her (5) Shebreath of rain was in the air. The notes of a distant song which someone was singingreached her, and countless sparrows were twittering in the eaves). There were patches of blue sky showing here and there through the clouds that (6)had met and piled above the other in the west facing her window.motionless, chair, quite cushion of the with sat her head thrown back upon the (7) Sheitself has cried a child who her throat and shook her, as sob except when a came up intoto sleep continues to sob in its dreams.even and lines bespoke repression with a fair, calm face, whose (8) She was young,a certain strength. But now there was a dull stare in her eyes, whose gaze was fixedreflection, of not a glance of blue sky. It was away off yonder on one of those patchesbut rather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought.What fearfully. for it, her and she was waiting (9) There was something coming tocreeping felt it, to name. But she elusive She did not know; it was too subtle and was it?filled color that the scents, the the the sky, reaching toward her through sounds, out ofthe air.this recognize was beginning to fell her bosom rose and tumultuously. She (10) Nowthing that was approaching to possess her, and she was striving to beat it back withher will-as powerless as her two white slender hands would have been. parted slightly escaped her little abandoned herself a whispered word (11) When shestare The vacant breath: her Free, free, free! She lips. said it over and over underand the look of terror that had followed it went from her eyes. They stayed keen andbright. Her pulses beat fast, and the coursing blood warmed and relaxed every inch ofher body.folded hands the kind, tender weep she would again when she saw knew (12) She thatin death; the face that had never looked save with love upon her, fixed and gray anddead. But she saw beyond that bitter moment a long procession of years to come thatwelcome.in out arms to them and absolutely. would belong to her And she opened spread her(13) There would be no one to live for her during those coming years; she wouldpersistence blind that her will no would herself. live for There be powerful bending inwith which men and women believe they have a right to impose a private will upon afellow-creature..精品文档(14) And yet she had loved him-sometimes. Often she had not. What did it matter!of this possession for in face of What could love, the unsolved mystery, countself-assertion, which she suddenly recognized as the strongest impulse of her being!(15)“Free! Body and soul free!” she kept whispering.(16) Josephine was kneeling before the closed door with her lips to the keyhole,imploring for admission. Louise, open the door! I beg; open the door-you will makeyourself ill. What are you doing, Louise? For heaven's sake open the door. 长elixir(in a very myself ill. No; she was drinking not (17) Go away. I am making) of life through that open window.生不老药(18) Her fancy was running riot along those days ahead of her. Spring days, andsummer days, and all sorts of days that would be her own. She breatheda quick prayerlife that a shudder she had thought with only that life might be long.It was yesterdaymight be long.her sister's importunities. There door to (19) She arose at length and opened thegoddess a herself unwittingly like she feverish triumph in her eyes, andcarried was aof Victory. She clasped her sister's waist, and together they descended the stairs.Richards stood waiting for them at the bottom.(20) Some one was opening the front door with a latchkey. It was Brently Mallardwho entered, a little travel-stained, composedly carrying his gripsack and umbrella.He had been far from the scene of accident, and did not even know there had been one.He stood amazed at Josephine's piercing cry; at Richards' quick motion to screen himfrom the view of his wife.But Richards was too late.(21)kills. that heart disease-of joy had came When the doctors they said she died of (22)s death? he news of her husband'48. How did Mrs Mallard get t s friend told her. ' A. Her husband B. She had read it from the paper.C. Her sister Josephine told her.D. Her doctor broke the news to her.49. When Mrs Mallard was alone in her room, she ___________.A. sat in an armchair all the timeB. sat with her back facing the windowC. sat and then walked around for while.精品文档D. sat in a chair and cried all the time.50. How did she feel about her love towards her husband?A. She hated her husband.B. She was indifferent now.C. She found it hard to describe.D. She had loved him all along.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages inSection A. Answer the questions with NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided onANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE51. Of all the values mentioned in the passage, which one is regarded as the mostfundamental?Individual freedom.PASSAGE TWO”as the Nobels.all “Not awards are as noble the can 52. What be inferred from sentenceaccording to Para. 2?The author doubts the significance of some awards.53. What conclusion can be drawn from Para. 5?The author thinks it unreasonable to award rich people.PASSAGE THREEs mood when she was left alone in the room? '54. What was Mrs MallardSecret joy over the expectation of future freedom.What that kills. joy heart Mallard died of disease — of Mrs said The 55. doctors thatdo you think is the real cause of her death?husband. ” Fright and disillusionment at the sight of her “dead PART VI WRITING)(略.。