【英语】高考必刷题英语阅读理解题及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Several years ago, I began asking my friends and family to tell me something about their passwords. Yes, I understand why passwords are universally hated: the pressure they put on our memory and the endless demand to update them. I hate them too. But there is more to passwords than their annoyance. In the fact that we construct them so that we can remember them, they take on secret lives.There was a former prisoner whose password includes what used to be his prison ID number to constantly tell him not to go back. And there was a childless 45-year-old woman whose password is the name of the baby she lost in her 25 (her way of trying to keep him alive, I guess).Sometimes the passwords were playful. Several people said they used "incorrect" for theirs so that when they forgot it, the software automatically promoted them with the right one ("your password is incorrect").Some passwords were striking for their uniqueness. After reading Sheryl Sandberg's book Lean in: Women, Work and the Will to Lead, Cortni Kerr, a running partner of mine, found her role model and began using "Wwssdol9", which stood for "What would Sheryl Sandberg do" plus "19" for the year (2019) of the password's creation. "TnsitTpsif" was the password of another friend, a computer scientist who loves wordplay. It stood for "The next sentence is true. The previous sentence is false". For my friend, it was a playful reference to the knots that language can tie.The 4622 that my wife used in her passwords was not just the address of her father's childhood home but also a reminder of his strength. Apparently, when the former 120 kg football standout was a small boy, he had to sing his home address (4622 South 28th West Avenue) in one full breath rather than try to say it normally. Otherwise, his stutter (口吃) would embarrass him.（1）Why did the prisoner use his prison ID number in his password?A.To rebuild his reputation.B.To remind him to act legally.C.To fight against his poor memory.D.To hide the unpleasant experience.（2）What did Cortni Kerr think of Sheryl Sandberg's book?A.Doubtful.B.Interesting.C.Creative.D.Inspiring.（3）What might be the best title for the text?A.The reasons why people hate passwords.B.The unusual passwords.C.The secret lives of passwords.D.The best ways to make your passwords unique.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了有关密码的一些趣事。
不同的人设定密码也包含着不同的意义，也揭示了一些秘密。
（1）考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“There was a former prisoner whose passw ord includes what used to be his prison ID number to constantly tell him not to go back.”可知这名坐过牢的囚犯用自己的监狱身份证号作为密码主要是提醒自己不要回到过去（不在犯罪）。
因此选B。
（2）考查推理判断。
根据第四段中的“Cortni Kerr, a running partner of mine, found her role model and began using ‘Wwssdol9’, which stood for ‘What would Sheryl Sandberg do’plus '19’ for the year (2019) of the password's creation.”可知Cortni Kerr读完Sheryl Sandberg's book的书后，找到到了自己的榜样，由此判断出Cortni Kerr认为Sheryl Sandberg的书很激励人心。
故选D。
（3）考查主旨大意。
通读全文可知，本文介绍了有关密码的一些趣事。
不同的人设定密码也包含着不同的意义，也揭示了一些秘密。
选项C. The secret lives of passwords.“密码里的人生秘密”为短文的最佳标题。
故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．Directions: Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.A tiny clue found in ancient deposits has unlocked big secrets about Greenland's past and future climate. Just beyond the northwest edge of the vast Greenland Ice Sheet, researchers have discovered lake mud that have survived the last ice age. The mud, and remains of common flies in it, record two interglacial periods(间冰期)in northwest Greenland.Although researchers have long known these two periods—the early Holocene and Last Interglacial—experienced warming in the Arctic, the mix of fly species shows that Greenland was even warmer than previously thought. "As far as we know, it has never been found in Greenland. We think this is the first time anyone has reported it in ancient deposits or modern lakes there," Axford said. "We were really surprised to see how far north it migrated (迁徙)."This new information could help researchers better measure Greenland's sensitivity to warming, by testing and improving models of climate and ice sheet behaviour. Those models could then improve predictions of how Greenland's ice sheet might respond to man-made global warming. After all, Greenland covers 80 per cent of the Arctic country and holds enough ice to equal 20 feet of global sea level. "Northwest Greenland might feel really remote, but what happens to that ice sheet is going to matter to everyone in every coastal city around the world,"said Yarrow Axford, an associate professor in the team. "One of the big uncertainties in climate science is how fast the Earth changes when it gets warmer. Geology gives us an opportunity to see what happened when the Earth was warmer than today," said Axford.People might be surprised to see how today's Greenland looked during the last two interglacial periods. During the Last Interglacial, global sea levels increased by 15 to 30 feet, largely due to thinning of Greenland and Antarctica's ice sheets. However, now researchers believe northern Greenland's ice sheet experienced stronger warming than previously thought, which could mean that Greenland is more responsible for that sea-level rise.Finding lake deposits older than about 10,000 years, however, has been historically very difficult in Greenland. To measure these ancient temperatures, researchers look to ice cores (冰核) and lake deposits. Since ice and lake deposits form by a gradual buildup on annual layers of snow or mud, these cores contain history of the past. By looking through the layers, researchers can obtain climate clues from centuries ago.（1）Why are the remains of flies mentioned in the first two paragraphs?A.They serve as evidence that there is still life in the Northwest Greenland.B.They were one of the many ancient lives that were left in the Greenland mud.C.They are indicators that Greenland was much warmer than previously thought.D.They help the researchers realize that there was once a warm period in the Arctic.（2）The new information about Greenland is important because______________.A.researchers have no idea how to measure Greenland's warming speedB.it can help researchers better predict Greenland's response to warmingC.people should be more sensitive to the changes in the ice in GreenlandD.it is uncertain how fast the Earth changes with man-made global warming（3）Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A.It is easier for today's scientists to find ancient lake deposits.B.People are surprised at the landscape feature of Greenland today.C.Researchers measure the changing temperatures by directly examining mud.D.Greenland holds enough ice that might one day threaten life in coastal cities.（4）Which do you think is the best title of the passage?A.Greenland Used to Be Much GreenerB.Earth Once Experienced Warm PeriodsC.Coastal Cities Warned of Coming DisastersD.Northwest Greenland, A Perfect Destination【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在古代沉积物中发现的一条微小线索揭开了格陵兰岛过去和未来气候的大秘密。