外研社四年级上语法总结一般过去时一般过去时用来表示过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态以及过去习惯性、反复性的动作。
谓语动词要用动词的过去式，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday 昨天、last night 昨晚、last week 上周、last year 去年，等时间状语：1.yesterday ，morning(afternoon, evening) 等2.由“ last+一时间名词”构成的短语：last night, last year (winter, month, week) 等3.由“时间段+ago”构成的短语：a moment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago 等4.其它：just now 等Was ，were 的一般过去时Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化：1．am 和is 在一般过去时中变为was 。
(was not = wasn')t2．are 在一般过去时中变为were 。
(were not = weren ')t3 ．带有was 或were 的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和am, is, are 一样，即否定句在was 或were 后加not ，一般疑问句把was 或were 调到句首构成：肯定句式：主语+ be(was , were) + 其它. 否定句式：主语+ be(was , were) + not + 其它. 一般疑问句：Be(was , were) + 主语+ 其它？肯定回答: Yes, 主语+ be(was , were) 否定回答：No, 主语+ be(was , were) + not.含有实义动词(行为动词)的一般过去时的主结构：构成：肯定句：主语+动词的过去时+ 其它。
否定句：主语+did+not+ 动词原形+其它。
did not 缩写为didn 't 一般疑问句：Did+ 主语+ 动词原形+其它？特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+ 主语+动词原形+其它?※动词过去式的变化选择( )1 ． My father ＿＿＿＿＿＿ ill yesterday ． A ． isn't B ． aren't C ． wasn't D ． weren't ( )2 ． ＿＿＿＿＿＿ your parents at home last week ﹖A ． IsB ． WasC ． AreD ． Were( )3 ． The twins ＿＿＿＿＿＿ in Dalianlast year ． T hey ＿＿＿＿＿ hereA ． are; wereB ． were; areC ． was; a reD ． were; was ( )4 ．＿＿＿＿＿＿ your father at work the day ＿＿＿ ＿＿ yesterday( 前天）﹖A ． Was; beforeB ． Is; beforeC ． Was; afterD ． Is; after ( )5 ．— Who was on duty last Friday ﹖A ． I amB ． I wasC ． Yes, I wasD ． No, I wasn't用 be 动词的适当形式填空。
1．A ： ________________ __ you at home yesterday?B ：Yes ，I __________ ．2．A ：________________ __ it sunny in London now? B ：Yes ， it __________ ．3．A ： ________________ __ you at the park now? B ：Yes ， we ___________ ．4．A ：________________ __ your mother out yesterday? B ：Yes ，she __________5．A ：________________ __ they at school yesterday? B ：Yes ， t hey __________6．A ： __________________ he strong then? B ： Yes ， he _________ ．7．A ：Where ___________ he now?B ： He _____ _____ at school.8． A ：Shenzhen wasn't big ___________ ． B ： It is a big city __________请选择正确的词，把下列句子补充完整。
1. I _________________ ( ask / asked / is asking ) him a question yesterday.2. Tom __________________ ( read / is reading / reads ) English now.3. Did you ___________________ ( water / watered / waters ) flowers last week?4. Let '_s ________________ ( get / got / getting ) on the No. 1 bus.5. We often _______________ ( watch / watches / watched ) TV at home.6. Judy didn '_t ( went / go / going ) to school yesterday.7. His dad ___________________ ( works / worked / is working ) hard every day. 8. There ________________ (were / are / was ) some trees near houses two yearsago.9. My cousin _____________ ( studies / studied / study ) in a middle school in Guangzhou. 10. Mr. White __________________ ( came / comes / is coming ) China last year. 11. She is going to _________________ ( have / had / has ) a big party this Sunday. 12. Where did you ________________ ( meet / met / meeting ) Miss White. 13. They wanted to _______________ ( go / went / going ) to Beijing last week.14. Look, Tom _________________ ( watches / watched / is watching ) TV in the living-room 。
15. What （did / does / is ）the girl do this morning?祈使句表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、劝告、请求或命令等,往往有表示请求、命令、希望、禁止、劝告等意思.祈使句一般没有主语,实际上是省略了主语“You”句.末用感叹号或句号, 用降调朗读.肯定结构都以动词原形开头例如：Catch the ball! 接球!(句子的意思是让“你”接球)祈使句的肯定句式有三种形式,即1)Do 型(以行为动词原形开头) ,例如：Sit down 坐下! Stand up 起立!2)Be 型(以be 开头) ,例如：Be quiet ！安静!3)Let 型 (以let 开头) ,例如：Let me help you.祈使句的否定结构是以“Don'＋t动词原形”开头.例如：Don't go there,please ．请别去那儿.Don' t be late．不要迟到用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. __________ (not, be) late.2. _____________ (dust) the dressing table.3. _____________ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food.4. _____________ (not, talk) and ___________ (read) a book.5. _____________ (not, drop) the nice vase, Sam.6. _____________ (look) out! A car is coming.7. _____________ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.8. _____________ (not, let) the baby cry.9.Open the window and __________ (shut) the door.10.Let ' s _______________ (sweep) the floor.根据要求改写句子1.Will you please read it again more slowly? （改为祈使句） again more slowly, please.2.Please sit next to Nancy. （改为否定句）____________ ____________ next to Nancy.e to my house tomorrow. （改为否定句）____________ come to my house tomorrow.4.Wear the glasses! （改为否定句）_____________ wear the glasses!5.Don ' t wash your hands! （改成肯定句） _____________ your hands!。