Unit 51.be adj enough to do sth./adv enough(for sb.) to do sthenough time/enough chairsFor example, They’ll be polit enough to wait till you move.The classroom is bright enough for us to study in.He works hard enough to catch up with others.2. too adj/adv.(for sb.) to do sth. (肯定的形式表否定)For example, You are never too old to learn.The river is too dirty for us to swim in.3. cut in on others the other people=the others(特指)4.wait politely (polite adj. politely adv. 反义词impolite) behave politely in public5. share sth. with sb.6.leave the tap running leave the light on7. drop litter everywhere (dropped, dropping)8.queue for one’s turn (It’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事，take turns to do sth.轮流做…，in turn 依次)9.obey/break/make traffic rules10.put sth. back (put on 上演, put up举起、张贴、搭建,put off推迟、拖延put in安装)11.invite sb. to do sth. (sb. be invited to do sth.) invite sb. to sp. (invitation n.)12. the proper(right or correct) way to greet people13. shake hand s with sb.=shake one’s hand ( shook-shaken)14. for the first time15. greet（=say hello to sb.）people with a kiss16. close friends (be close to ,sit /stand/live close to, watch…closely, work closely,keep …closed)17.start a conversation(=a small talk)18.avoid talking about subjects like age and weight) avoid释义为try not to do sth.19.push in before others插在别人前面,bump (=hit someone or something by accident)into someone撞上某人by accident(偶然) 20. in one’s way(挡道), on the way to…在去的途中，in this way 用这种方式in many ways在许多方面，用许多方法,in a way在某种意义上21.as well=too(肯定句), either（否定句）22.all the time=always, at times=sometimes, at a time(一次) , at any time24.keep one’s voice down压低声音, keep doing sth.一直做某事25. shout/laugh loudly （louder, more loudly）26.be helpful to sb.27. Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Roman s do.28. learn about manners29.say “excuse me”/ “sorry” to sb.30. do homework till/until 11 midnight. wait till until you come back.not leave/ go to bed til l/until…(注意：主句动词为终止性动词时，必须用not…till/until意思是“直到…才…”)I won’t leave till the work is finished.Don’t get off the bus till it stops.He watched TV till the match was over.33.join the discussion under discussion(在讨论中)，discuss sth. with sb.//have a discussion with sb. about sth.(和某人讨论某事) discuss=talk about34. express oneself clearly (more clearly) express thanks to sb. (expression n.)35. write down all the main points36. be busy with sth./ be busy doing sth. (business n. on business)37.explain sth. to sb. (explanation n.)38. keep us safe from danger（保证某人安全免遭不测）keep/prevent/ stop sb. from doing sth.(阻止某人做某事) keep sb. doing sth. (让某人不停地做某事) protect sb. from…(保护某人免遭…)39.warn sb. not to do sth.40.No littering/parking/smoking.41.risk losing everything (risk doing sth.)42. in order to be successful为了取得成功(succeed vi. success n. successful adj.successfully adv.a great success). be successful in (doing) sth. 在做某事方面很成功，do sth. successfully成功地做某事43.sometime in one’s life 一生中的某个时候，sometime某时，sometimes有时，some time 一段时间44. after years of hard work 数年的艰辛工作之后work hard ( at sth.), hardly 几乎不45.make the job easier to complete46.practise/avoid/risk/finish doing sth.47.in fact 事实上，make sure确保，soon after不久以后48. hold a talk on sth. the purpose of the talk(is to do…) 讲座的目的是做…49.a lot of advice on table mannerseat with one’s mouth open/closed, talk with food in one’s mouthreach over someone’s plate for sth while eating or drinking50. above all首要的是in all 总计at all 根本，简直51. blow out candles 吹灭蜡烛52. You are never too old to learn.The early bird catches the worm.Every dog has its dayActions speak louder than wordsNo pain, no gainA friend in need is a friend in deed.Practice makes perfectMany hands make light work.Better late than never.The grass is always greener on the other sideDon’t put all your eggs in one basket.Burn the candle at both ends.Where there is a will, there is a way.He who laughs last laughs bestUnit 61.a volunteer for the Olympic Games，volunteer to do sth.志愿做某事，voluntary(adj) work 义工2.need an operation need to eat more food need sb. to do sth. don’t need to do sth. needn’t do sth.need doing/to be done(…需要被做) need operating on，need to be operated onpeople in need有困难的人，in need of help3.at work/play 在工作/ 玩4.provide special places for homeless people=provide homeless people with special places5.write to the local government6.give/show sth. to sb. give/show it to me give sb. a chance (to do sth.)show their skills to the world7.be blind in both eyes blindness n.8.an elderly person上了年纪的人9.a disabled(adj.) person 残疾人( disability n.障碍，缺陷) people with disabilities有缺陷的人10.a deaf person deafness n.11.expect sth.预料、期待、指望expect to do sth. expect sb. to do sth. expect that 从句…than I expected.比我预料的…（注意：expect可用进行时）hope to do sth. hope that…will do sth.(跟从句)（注意: 没有hope sb. to do sth 结构）12.the most amazing experience of his life （经历）have much experience in doing sth.(经验，不可数名词) many forgetful experiences (经历、体验，可数名词13.work as a volunteer 当义工，work for…为…工作work to protect the environment为…效力14.include(vt) many events including(prep) be included i n…被包含在…中This book includes eight units.She bought many things in Hong Kong, including two bags.15.be similar to与…相似/相同, be the same as与…一样, be different from不同于many events similar to those in the Olympics16. give up one’s spare time give it up, give up doing sth. give out 分发give away捐赠give in让步17.train as a doctor train hard 刻苦训练receive special training in doing sth.18.do a task19. support sb. (to do sth.) with one’s support 在某人的支持下20. make the event a great success使赛事大获成功make me happy make sb. do sth.使某人做某事（注意：make后可用名词短语、形容词和动词原形作宾补。