（英语）高二英语阅读理解提高训练及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
On January 13, 2016, France became the first country in the world to pass a law requiring supermarkets to donate food that is approaching its expiration date (保质期) instead of throwing it away. The regulation that applies to supermarkets over 4,000 square feet requires stores to sign official donation agreements with local food banks.The law also makes it illegal for stores to pour water over nearly-expired food, or store it inside locked warehouses until it is picked up by the garbage trucks. These measures are often undertaken by supermarkets to prevent the hungry from searching for food through the dustbins. Though that may appear cruel, the stores claim they do it to avoid potential food poisoning that could occur if the product is on its way past its expiry. Those who do not obey the new law face the risk of heavy fines.Also, excess goods like yogurt or milk that are likely to go bad quickly are now allowed to be donated directly to the food banks. Though this has always been possible, the current process is long and complex, making it difficult for producers to give away the food in a timely manner.France's food banks are of course thrilled about the possibility of receiving extra food. Jacques Bailet, who heads a network of French food banks called the Banques Alimentaires, says that of the 110,000 tons of goods received annually, only 36,000 tons comes from supermarkets. Bailet estimates (估计) that just a 15% increase in supermarket donations would translate to over 10 million additional meals to feed the hungry each year.Though this is a great first step, Arash Dermabarsh, the activist responsible for the grassroots movement that led to the ban, is not done. He now wants to extend the law to other places like restaurants and also try to convince other countries in the European Union to pass similar regulations. These steps are necessary because of the over 9 million tons of food wasted in France; an astonishing 67% is thrown away by consumers, with supermarkets and restaurants making up the rest.（1）What should stores do with nearly-expired food?A. Throw it away.B. Send it to the hungry.C. Store it in refrigerators.D. Give it away to food banks.（2）What does the underlined word "excess" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Extra.B. Cheap.C. Seasonal.D. Returned.（3）What might Bailet agree with about the French food banks?A. They have a lot of expired food.B. They will get much benefit from the law.C. Their food is enough for the people in need.D. Their food mainly comes from supermarkets.（4）What does Dermabarsh plan to do?A. Build more food banks in France.B. Make the law take effect in more places.C. Organize a campaign to promote this law.D. Raise consumers awareness of waste reduction.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述了法国成为世界上第一个通过法律要求超市捐赠即将过期食品的国家。
而即将过期食品的捐赠对人们和社会都有积极的影响。
（1）考查推理判断。
根据第一段可知，法国成为世界上第一个通过法律要求超市捐赠即将过期食品的国家，之后文章就此展开。
故选D。
（2）考查词义猜测。
根据第四段中的“Also, excess goods like yogurt or m ilk that are likely to go bad quickly are now allowed to be donated directly to the food banks. ”此外，像酸奶或牛奶这样的过剩商品可能很快就会变质，现在可以直接捐赠给食品银行。
由此推知划线词的意思是“额外的，过量的”，故选A。
（3）考查推理判断。
根据倒数第二段中的“Bailet estimates (估计) that just a 15% increase in supermarket donations would translate to over 10 million additional meals to feed the hungry each year.”可知，Bailet认为他们将从法律中得到很多好处。
故选B。
（4）考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Though this is a great first step, Arash Dermabarsh, the activist responsible for the grassroots movement that led to the ban, is not done. He now wants to extend the law to other places like restaurants and also try to convince other countries in the European Union to pass similar regulations.”可知，Dermabarsh计划让法律在更多的地方生效。
故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解Our Museums, Galleries, and Zoo19 world-class museums, galleries, and a zooThe Smithsonian offers eleven museums and galleries on the National Mall and six other museums and the National Zoo in the greater National Capital Area. In New York City, we invite you to tour two museums in historic settings.Not near a Smithsonian museum? Look for exhibitions and museums in your community. Here we have listed some places to visit:Tips & Guidelines:Stop at any Smithsonian museum information desk where friendly and knowledgeable staff and volunteers can assist you in planning your visit.Service animals are welcome at the museums and the National Zoo. Pets are not permitted.Lunches should be properly closed or stored in lockers during your visit.（1）he Smithsonian offers all these EXCEPT .A. galleriesB. concertsC. museumsD. zoos（2）If you are interested in animals, you can .A. go to 1661 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DCB. go to 8th and F Streets, NW Washington, DCC. visit the museum 11 a.m. on ChristmasD. visit the zoo at weekends on June 25（3）To arrange your visit better, you can .A. have lunch during your visitB. take your pets along with youC. ask the staff and volunteers for helpD. fill in an application form before your visit【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了史密森尼博物馆相关的信息以及游玩建议。