英语时间状语从句状语从句1.时间状语从句(1)whenwhen用作并列连词（正在那时，突然）Wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain.IwaswatchingTVwhensomeo neknockedatthedoor.…onthepointofdoing…when…did………hadj ustdonewhen……(2)asas与延续性动词连用，侧重两个动作伴随发生,其时态一致：Ashegrewolderhelostinterestineverythingexceptgardening.Wewe rehavingbreakfastasshe________(watch)TV.(3)whilewhile“在……期间”，与延续性动词连用，和主句的动作同时发生，常用三种时态。
1.WhileIwaswaitingatthebusstop,buseswentbyintheoppositedire ction.2.Whileinprison,hewrotehisfirstnovel.3.Shoesweremende dwhileyouwaited.(4)before①before“在……之前”Ihadfinishedmypapersbeforemyteacherwentabroad.②before “过…时间之后才…”,注意使用___________和___________时态。
Theyworkedlonghoursbeforeeverythingreturnedtonormal.恢复正常Itwillbealongtimebeforewefinishthisdictionary.③还没来得及ThebellrangoffbeforeIcouldanswerit.(5)assoonas“一…就….”，directly，immediately，instantly；theinstant(that)，theminute(that)，thesecond(that)，themoment(that)等通常都可与assoonas换用。
IrecognizedherimmediatelyIsawher.(6)…hardly...when…/…nos ooner...than…“刚……就…”，从句用过去时,主句用过去完成时。
注意倒装。
Hehadnosooner/Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhewasaskedtoleaveagai n.Wehadhardlybegun/Hardlyhadwebegunourtalkwhenitbegantorain .(7)since从句用一般过去时，主句通常用现在完成(进行)时.We’venevermetsincewegraduatedfromthecollege.Whathaveyou beendoingsinceImetyoulasttime?Ithasbeen/is3yearssincehecame back.练习：Itwasevening______hecameback.Itwasintheevening______hecameb ack.(8)till/until“直到……时(为止)”，till不放在句首，until 多用于句首。
动词的延续性问题Tomwillremainincollegeuntil(till)hefinisheshisPh.Dcourse.肯定句Iwon’tgowithyouuntil(till)Ifinishmyhomework.否定句NotuntilIfailedintheexamdidIrealizeIshouldstudyhard.倒装ItwasnotuntilIfailedintheexamthatIrealizedIshouldstudyhard.在强调句中的倒装问题(9)whenever/eachtime/everytime/anytime“每当；每次”，可以换用。
Whenever/Everytime/EachtimeImether,shewasstudying.(10)bythe time与完成时连用Bythetime(that)thisletterreachesyou,Iwillhaveleftthecountry .Bythetimehewas10,hehadlearned10000words.Bythetimeyougetthi sletter,IwillbeinCanada.(Longman)be动词可不用完成时注意：Bythetimeheretired,WiltheldmanyNBArecords.(11)nexttime,thef irsttimeNexttimeyouseeme,Iwillhavelost10pounds.Thefirsttime Imetyou,Iknewwewouldbefriends.比较：That/It/Thisisthefirsttime(that)IhavebeentoLondon.Forthefir sttime仅用作状语(12)AfterWe’llarriveafteryouhaveleft.2.地点状语从句(1)whereWherethereisawill,thereisaway.含有条件意味IfoundmybookswhereIhadleftthem.注意：where除指具体地点外，还可表处境等抽象意义。
Hesaidhewashappywherehewas.处境很满意It’syourfau ltthatsheiswheresheis.她落到今天这个地步都怪你。
(2)wherever=everywhere,anywhereWherever(Everywhere/Anywhere )theywent,theexpertswerewarmlywelcomed.Makeamarkwhereveryou haveanyquestions.区别与其引导定语从句Bamboosgrowbestinthesouthwhereit’swetandrainy.3.原因状语从句(1)becausebecause表示直接的原因或理由，着重点在从句。
用于回答why问句，语气最强。
强调句中用because。
被simply,just,only 修饰时用because。
Ididn’tgoabroadwithherbecauseIcouldn’taffordit.Justbecaus eIdon’tcomplain,peoplethinkI’msatisfied.Itwasbecausehismotherwasillthathedidn’tcometoschool.小结：because1._______2._________3._________4.__________(2)as因为，由于Asyouwereout,Ileftamessage.(3)since通常是双方已知信息，从句多位于主句之前。
Sinceyouwon’thelpme，I’llasksomeoneelse.(4)now(that)“因为,既然,由于”，通常可以和since换用。
其中that可省去，原因往往是已变化的情况。
Now(that)you’vepassedyourtestyoucandriveonyourown.Idoremem ber，now(that)youmentionit.你这一提，我倒的确想起来了。
(5)when既然，从句必须在后Howcantheyexpecttolearnanythingwhentheyneverlisten?Whydoyou wantanewjobwhenyouhavegotagoodonealready?(6)seeing(that)；considering（that）；Giventhat“鉴于；由于；考虑到”Seeing(that)theweatherisbad，we’llstayathome.Consideringhe’sonlyjuststarted,heknowsqui tealotaboutit.Itwassurprisingthegovernmentwasre-elected,giv enthattheyhadraisedtaxessomuch.(7)for并列连词，不用于句首，对前面内容加以推断或解释Iaskedhertostaytotea,forIhadsomethingtotellher.It’smorning now,forthebirdsaresinging.4.目的状语从句须与情态动词连用(1)inord erthat“为了；以便”通常可以与sothat换用。
Theexpertspokeslowlyinorderthateveryoneshouldunderstand.Ino rderthatwemightseethesunrise,westartedforthepeak(山峰)early.(2)so(that);sothat“为了；以便”。
从句总是放在主句之后，so可视为sothat的省略形式。
Sheworkedhardsothateverythingwouldbereadyintime.Shestayedat homeforafewdayssothatshemight/couldtakecareofhismother.(3)i ncase/forfear(that)表示否定目的,“以免”,“以防”。
Hetookanumbrellawithhimforfearthatitmightrain.Bettertakemor eclothesincaseitrains.Youprobablywon’tneedtocall,buttakemy number,justincase.5.结果状语从句sothat①从句只能位于主句之后，中间可以有逗号。
Suddenlyitbegantorainheavily，sothatitwasalmostimpossibletocarryondriving.Nothingmorewash eardfromhimsothatwebegantowanderifhewasdead.②“sothat”既可引导结果状语从句也可引导目的状语从句。
主要根据句意来判断；其次根据从句中的情态动词。
Theystartedoutearly,sothattheydidn’tmissthetrain.________/ theywouldnot……._______(2)so+adj./adv....that…“如此……以致于…”，Shespokesofastthatnobodycouldcatchwhatshewassaying.倒装:Sofrightenedwashethathecouldn’tsayaword.(3)such...that …such后可跟任何名词。