Unit 1 Grammar Revise the Infinitive
Marty says…
1. Unfortunately, the doctors don’t know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability.
5. Sometimes, too, I was too weak to go to school so my education suffered.
6. My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up.
2. Tom has a nice pen to write with.
不定式做定语时常放在 被修饰的名词或代词之 后
通常接不定式作定语的几种情况：
1.下列名词常接不定式作定语：ability /ambition /attempt /chance /promise /right/ way …
His promise to help me excited me . 2. 名词由only last next 或序数词、最高级修饰
He is always the last one to leave the office . 3 . 表示即将发生的动作。
The conference to take place in Shanghai is of great importance . 4. something, anything, nothing, everything等复合 不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。
2. Mother made John wash the car for a week. John was made to wash the car for a week.
5 不定式作定语 (attribute)
1. Kate is looking for a suitable coat to wear.
9. Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.
不定式
不定式由“to+动词原形”构 成,其否定形式是“not/never to do”
3.作宾语
不定式用在介词but, except, besides 后时, 如果这些介词前有行为动词do的 各种形式, 那么介词后的不定式不带to, 相反则带to。
1. She could do nothing but cry. 2. I have no choice but to go. 3. What do you like to do besides sleep.
不定式的语态
主动语态 to do 被动语态 to be done It is an honor for me to be invited to attend the meeting. Everyone likes the hero to be praised.
动词不定式的作用 Functions of Infinitive 1 主语 (subject) 2 表语 (predicative) 3 宾语 (object) 4 宾补 (object complement) 5 定语 (attribute) 6 状语 (adverbial) 7 独立结构 (absolute construction)
4. 做宾补
watch
五看
see look at
let
三使 make
observe
have
notice
二听 listen to
hear
+ sb do sth （不带to）
一感觉: feel
但当以上的动词用于被动式，to要还原：
1. They saw the boy fall suddenly from the tree. The boy was seen to fall suddenly from the tree.
动词不定式的时态和语态
形式 主 动
被动
一般式 进行式 完成式
to do to be doing to have done
完成进 to have been 行式 doing
to be done
to have been done
(1) They pretended not to see us. (一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/几乎/发 生在它之后。)
2. I used to climb trees, swim and play football.
3. Then I started to get weaker and weaker.
Marty says…
4. Even after all that, no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the future holds.
Marty says…
7. Last year I invented…and a big company has decided to buy it from me.
8. I also have to do a lot of work, especially if I have been away for a w be sleeping. (在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也 正在进行。)
(3) She pretended to have known it before. (完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。)
(4) We’re happy to have been working with you. (完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前, 不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也 继续。)