新高考高一英语时文阅读精练（含答案解析）AAs more and more forest is cleared around the world, scientists fear that the next deadly pandemic(流行病) could emerge from what lives within them.In 1997, clouds of smoke hung over the rainforests of Indonesia as an area roughly the size of Pennsylvania was burned to make way for agriculture, making the fires worse by drought. Owing to the haze, the trees couldn’t produce fruit, leaving resident fruit bats with no other option than to fly elsewhere in search of food, carrying with them a deadly disease.Not long after the bats settled on trees in Malaysian orchards, pigs around them started to fall sick—probably after eating fallen fruit the bats had already eaten—as did local pig farmers. By 1999, 265 people had developed a severe brain inflammation, and 105 had died. It was the first known appearance of Nipah virus in people, which has since caused a string of recurrent(反复的) outbreaks across Southeast Asia.Over the past two decades, a growing body of scientific evidence suggests that deforestation creates the conditions for a range of deadly pathogens(病原体)—such as Nipah and Lassa viruses—to spread to people.As widespread burning continues today in tropical forests in the Amazon, and some parts of Africa and Southeast Asia, experts have expressed concern about the health of people living at the border of deforestation. They’re also afraid that the next serious pandemic could emerge from our world’s forests.“It’s pretty well established that deforestation can be a strong driver of infectious disease,” says Andy MacDonald, a disease ecologist at the Earth Research Institute of the University of California, Santa Barbara. “The more we lower and clear forest habitats, the more likely it is that we’re going to find ourselves in these situations where pandemics of infectious diseases occur.”1.The Indonesians burned the rainforests in order for ______.A.firewoodB. catching batsC. planting fruit treesD. farm land2.Which is the right order of affected creatures?A.bats→ pigs → peopleB.pigs→ bats → pig farmersC.people→ bats → pigsD.pig farmers → pigs → bats3.What does the underlined word “deforestation” in Paragraph Four mean?.A.湿地B. 毁林C. 果园D. 养猪场4.Why do experts worry about the people around the ruined forests?A.Because some sick people live in the ruined forests.B.Because the ruined forests may have pathogens.C.Because there are too many bats there.D.Because the ruined forests are dirty.【答案】1~4 DABB【解析】本文为一篇说明文，说明了森林的破坏会导致致命的疾病，呼吁大家珍惜森林。
1.细节理解题。
根据第二段第一句“In 1997, clouds of smoke hung over the rainforests of Indonesia as an area roughly the size of Pennsylvania was burned to make way for agriculture, making the fires worse by drought.”可知，印度尼西亚人民烧毁森林是为了获取农业用地，make way for “为……开路”，故选D。
2.细节理解题。
根据第二段第三段可知，生活在森林的蝙蝠由于森林的破坏，不得不迁徙，因它携带了致命的疾病，会影响迁入地的猪，紧接着影响养猪户，故选A。
3.词义猜测题。
根据第二段“In 1997, clouds of smoke hung over the rainforests of Indonesia...carrying with them a deadly disease”可知，烧毁森林导致了携带了致命疾病的蝙蝠飞往别处，判断deforestation意为“毁林”，故选B。
4.推理判断题。
根据最后一段第一句“It’s pretty well established that deforestation can be a strong driver of infectious disease”可知，毁林可能是传染病的一大诱因，即可能携带病原体，故选B。
【词汇积累】emerge [ɪˈmɜːdʒ] vi. 浮现；摆脱orchard [ˈɔːtʃəd] n. 果园；果树林infectious [ɪnˈfekʃəs] adj. 传染的；传染性的；易传染的【句法剖析】1.As more and more forest is cleared around the world, scientists fear that the next deadly pandemic could emerge from what lives within them.句意：随着世界各地越来越多的森林被砍伐，科学家们担心下一次致命的流行病可能会源于生活在森林里的生物。
此句中含有as引导的时间状语从句，后面的主句中又含有that引导的宾语从句，作fear的宾语，what引导一个宾语从句，作介词from 的宾语，emerge from...表“自……出现；从……显露出来”。
2.The more we lower and clear forest habitats, the more likely it is that we’re going to find ourselves in these situations where pandemics of infectious diseases occur.句意：我们越是缩小和破坏森林栖息地，就越有可能发现自己处于传染病大流行的环境中。
此句中含有the more..., the more...固定句型，其中that引导主语从句，where引导定语从句，修饰先行词situations。
BOnce the Most Polluted Landscape Now the Cleanest AirForty years ago, the Canadian city of Sudbury was a blackened landscape that had been devastated①by pollution from mining sites and industrialization.Now, thanks to decades of restoration②and conservation work, the air quality is ranked as some of the best in all of Ontario. Not only that, the landscape has come alive with trees and greenery③once more. Lakes that were once acidified and destitute④have become thriving⑤ecosystems.The transformation of Sudbury has become such a positive example of environmental restoration, Laurentian University launched an entire course based on its revolutionary recovery back in March—and it will now help future college students apply its lessons to other polluted landscapes around the world.“The Sudbury story is a story of success,” said Dr. John Gunn from Laurentian University. “One of the most damaged landscapes on Earth—with industry, government, universities, and the public working together—has made a remarkable improvement in the landscape and the lives of people.”Paul Kennedy, who is the host of the CBC radio program IDEAS, spotlighted⑥the Sudbury story as one of his final presentations. Back in May, the news organization published an emotional excerpt from his notebooks describing the segment⑦, which concluded with Kennedy saying: “I tend to be a knee-jerk⑧optimist on almost every issue, but the future of our planet can seemalmost overwhelmingly⑨difficult—too big, too complicated, too divisive. For me, Sudbury is an indication that we aren’t going to lose. Climate change is the biggest and most crucial challenge we face. There is hope.”【新词积累】devastate ['devəsteɪt] v. 毁坏restoration [‚restə'reɪʃn] n. 恢复, 复位, 归还greenery ['grɪːnərɪ] n. 绿色植物; 暖房; 绿叶destitute ['destɪtjuːt] adj. 困穷的; 缺乏的thrive [θraɪv] v. 繁荣, 茁壮成长, 兴旺spotlight [ˈspɔtlait] v. 使公众注意；聚光照明; 使突出醒目segment ['segmənt] n. 部分; 切片, 断片; 部门; 线段knee-jerk [ˈniː.dʒɜːk] adj.习惯性之反应的<人、行动等>; 未加思考的overwhelmingly [ˌəuvəˈwelmɪŋli ] adv. 压倒性地; 不可抵抗地divisive [dɪ'vaɪsɪv] adj. 区分的, 不和的, 分裂的【金句赏析】1.Now, thanks to decades of restoration and conservation work, the air quality is ranked as some of the best in all of Ontario.现在，由于几十年的恢复和保护工作，空气质量在整个安大略省名列前茅。