英语句子概论 英语句子的种类
简单句 (simple sentence)
并列句 (compound sentence) 复合句 (complБайду номын сангаасx sentence)
复合句:主句+从句 名词性从句 定语从句 状语从句
1.The boy who is standing over there is Tom
• 2.从句是由一般疑问句转化而来，含有疑问意义,不缺 成分。由whether，if (只能引导行为动词后宾语从句）
引导. 没决定或确定的事由whether引导.
The question is _w_h_e_t_h_e_r_ it is worth doing. _W_h__e_th_ehre will come or not is uncertain. I don’t know __w_h__e_th__e_r/_i_f they will succeed. What the doctor really doubt is _w__h_e_t_h_e_r my
5.He told me that his father had died and that
he lived alone.
宾语从句
6. She has made it clear that she will get married next month. 宾语从句
7.Our success depends on whether
定语从句
2.Because it is raining ,we have to stay at home
状语从句
3.I know (that)he is from America 名词性从句--- (宾语从句）
Noun Clauses (名词性从句)
Subject Clause (主语从句)
Object Clause （宾语从句）
宾语
I don’t like his job. I don’t like what he does every day.
I don’t know about the man, Mr. White. 同位语
I don’t know about the fact that he is a teacher.
Predicative Clause （表语从句）
Appositive Clause （同位语从句）
名词性从句在功能上相当于名词, 在复合句 中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。
{ 主语
His job is important.
What he does is important.
{ 表语 This is his job. This is what he does every day.
Conjunctions of Noun Clauses(引导名词性从句
的关联词):
从属连词 that, whether, if (不作成分）
连接代词 what, who, whom, whose, （作成分） which, wh+ever
连接副词 （作状语） when, where, how, why
句型中不省略. 例: We must make it clear that we mean what we say. (2).由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中, that 不省略. 例: He told me that he would come and that he would come on time.
3.在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表语时，后面所跟 的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句。
❖I’m sorry (that) I don’t know . ❖We’re sure (that) our team will win . ❖I’m afraid (that) he won’t pass the exam .
名词性从句的作用相当于名词，因此主语从 句、表语从句 、宾语从句和同位语从句分 别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
Who will win the match is still unknown.
主语从句
I want to know what he has told you.
宾语从句
The fact is that we have lost the game.
一、连词（引导词）that
1.当宾语从句是由陈述句转变而来时（包括肯定句和否定句）， 由连词that引导，在从句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式文体
中常省略。
❖Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better.
2 that在宾语从句中需保留 (1).在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句 (真正宾语) 的
表语从句
The news that we won the game is exciting.
同位语从句
More exercises:
主语从句 1. What he did made me extremely angry.
2. My suggestion is that we should turn the
land into rice fields.
表语从句
3. The fact that he tells lies all the time
makes us surprised.
同位语从句
4. Our success depends on how well we can cooperate with one another. 宾语从句
is reasonable.
同位语从句
Object Clauses 宾语从句
1. I know him . （简单句）
主语 谓语 宾语
2. I
主语 主
know
谓语 句
who he is .
（复合句） 连词 从句主语 从句谓语
宾语从句
句子做宾语就是宾语从句，跟在及物动词或介词后
句子结构： 主句 +连词（引导词）+ 宾语从句。
everyone works hard.
宾语从句
8. Let me know whether or not you can
come.
宾语从句
9. Whether we will go picnicking tomorrow depends on the weather. 主语从句
10. The advice that she wait till next week