Molecular biology stage ( Latter half of the 20th century)
1951 Pauling α-helix ;1953 Watson,Crick proposed that DNA is a double helix by X-ray , open Molecular biology subject. From featur of Molecular structure explain the phenomena of life
Biomolecules of living organisms
1. Small molecules
H2O（60%） 12 Bioelements :C、H、N、O（96%)、P、S、Ca、K、 Na、 Mg、Fe and Cl (in ele-table ,90 in nature,20 cell bioplasm细胞原生质)
2. Biological macromolecules
proteins（16%）（蛋白质）(enzyme，酶) nucleic acids（核酸): DNA glycoproteins (糖蛋白, 糖+蛋白质) proteoglycan (蛋白聚糖) lipoproteins (脂蛋白, 脂+蛋白质) nucleoproteins (核蛋白, 核酸+蛋白质)
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
The history（200） of Biochemistry development
Narrative Biochemistry stage（ Before the end of the 19th century ）
Inorganics, organics were synthesized to form Life , urea 1828 NCONH4△H2NCONH2 Combustion theory, Metabolism is the essence of life, Oxidation maintain life processes. Cell is basic structure unit of living body, all reaction in cell , place The chemical nature of enzyme was protein, 1833, Amylase ,Pepsase have function in vitro Hemoglobin given blood red, 1864，Hemoglobin was isolated from blood and crystalzed, Mb
Dynamic biochemistry stage （The middle of 20th century )
Glycolysis (6-C glucose—13—3-C lactic acid) in no O2 TCA，1937,Acetly-Co-A-2C-TCA---CO2 NADH---OXPHOS---ATP H2O in O2 . Lipids, AA go TCA Metabolism and energy metabolism, anabolism and catabolism
1958,Crick,confirmed direction of stream for Gene information,Central dogma 1968, CDMB and anti- direction of stream from RNA-DNA by reverse transcriptase Set up the theoretical system of Molecular biolog
Molecular Biology is a part of biochemistry
To explain：Basic life science of study structure and function of macromoleculea and gene’expression and rugulation
Biochemistry contents
➢ Protein structure and function (1) ➢ Enzyme (3) ➢ Metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and
amino acids (6, 7, 9) ➢ Biological oxidation (8) ➢ Metabolism of Nonnutritive Substance (11) ➢ Metabolic Integration & regulation (12)
trace element : Mn、 I、Co、Cu、Mo、Zn、V、B、Al、 Si、F、Se、Sn、Ni and Cr.（2011.2.14 German Li, life nama-mode）
carbohydrates (糖类) lipids (脂类) amino acids (氨基酸类) vitamins (维生素类) and others
and regulation 3. Genetic information transfer and control
At molecular level to explain the mechanisms and law of living processes
The transition of matter and energy
What is Biochemistry(Chemistry of Life)
To explain: Basic life science of study chemical molecular and reaction in organism(in vivo)
1. Structure and functions of biomolecules 2. Metabolism (Chemical reactions) of matter