-*Porosity of 0.5
ΔH [1 bar] kJ/mol 100
Capacity* Solid only kWh/m3 410
Capacity* All reactants kWh/m3 323
Capacity Gravimetric kWh/t 373
www.DLR.de/TT • Folie 10 > Intersolar Europe Conference 2012 > Doerte Laing > 24.06.2012
Source: DLR Source: DLR
194 ºC 222 ºC 306 ºC < 250 ºC < 350 ºC
Latent Heat Storage Enhancement of heat transfer
liquid solid
Source: DLR
Fluid
Simplified PCM-storage concept
Qualification of Systems
Collector field measurements Solar Ressource
QFly
Mobile Fieldlab
flow T θ
Capacity Building
network interface & management
wind
T
local data logger
Component Evaluation
Collector structure (gravity, wind)
photogrammetry
Reflector panels (reflectance, shape)
Reflectometer Deflectometry, photogrammetry SDx, FDx, Intercept
Storage for Solar Tower Plants with Air Receiver Regenerator Storage
Challenges: -Durability of inexpensive storage materials -Containment technology and HT-insulation -Thermo-mechanical issues -Even flow distribution through storage material
available for CSP hybridization • CSP HIBRED FOA seeks to catalyze CSP-fossil hybrid deployment to take advantage of this opportunity • Goal: Validate 10 ¢/kWh solar Source: Solar Prospector Database electricity generation with long term project financial sustainability • $20M total DOE funding • 3:1 Awardee Cost share (75%) to DOE funds • Approximately 2-4 awards – Anticipate 20 MW solar to be built Slide courtesy R. Pitchumani, DoE – Maximum award $10 M
Next steps: measure loops and complete solar fields
[mrad]
d) Slope deviation of KONTAS collektor measured with QFly
SunShot CSP FOA Selections
Goal: To innovate and develop next-generation CSP technologies for low-cost collectors, high-temperature receivers and highefficiency dry-cooled power cycles to meet the aggressive technical targets of SunShot. Investment: Up to $55 million over 3 years in 21 projects at companies, universities and national laboratories.
T
T
www.DLR.de/TT • Folie 12 > Intersolar Europe Conference 2012 > Doerte Laing > 24.06.2012
QFly: Flying Camera for optical assessment of parabolic troughs
• tests started in May 2012 • air pre-heating temperature > 700°C achieved • temperature to be increased further • stable system operation
Status of Latent Heat Storage (for Direct Steam)
Objectives -Thermal Storage for T>300 ºC -Use of industrial process heat -Power generation (e.g. solar thermal plants) Reaction: Ca(OH)2 ↔ CaO + H2O
Teq[1 bar] ºC 521
Phase Change Material (PCM) Tube
Heat transfer coefficient is dominated by the thermal conductivity of the solid PCM → Low thermal conductivity is bottleneck for PCM
SOLUGAS Test Results
Solar Turbines Mercury-50 on top of tower
• operating pressure: about 10bar • turbine inlet temperature: about 1150°C receiver scheme
Heat carrier: water/steam Fins
Finned Tube Design effective Lamda > 10 W/mK
www.DLR.de/TT • Folie 8 > Intersolar Europe Conference 2012 > Doerte Laing > 24.06.2012
Progress in CSP Technology and SolarPACES Activities
7th Sanya International CSP Forum
August 12-14, 2013, Sanya, China
Christoph Richter Executive Secretary SolarPACES
PREDICTS (2013; All)
SunShot Incubator (2012, 2013 Storage; Collector)
National Lab R&D (2012; All)
Slide courtesy R. Pitchumani, DoE
14
CSP Heat Integration for Baseload Renewable Energy Development (CSPHIBRED 2013) • 11-21 GW of U.S. fossil plants
Receivers (optical and thermal efficiency)
Calorimetric measurement Ambient to 395 °C
Flexible connectors (pressure loss, reactive forces) Tracking system

Collectors
Receivers
Power Cycles
Slide courtesy R. Pitchumani, DoE
Deconstructing 6¢/kWh
BRIDGE (2012; Receiver) CSP-HIBRED (2012; System)
SolarMat (2013; Solar Field)
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt
Solar Research
www.DLR.de • Chart 2
Outline
Examples of DLR Technology Development activities Solar Gas Turbine development Thermal Storage Qualification of components and systems Examples of US Activities (Sunshot) SolarPACES Activities GuisMo (Guidelines for CSP System Performance Modeling) Standardization Guidelines for Measurement SolarPACES Conference
a) Test with QFLY in KONTAS facility (PSA)