新世纪研究生英语课后习题及答案Unit11. The representative（众议员）presented to the committee a petition(请愿书) signed by 1,200 electors asking for a thorough probe into the financial scandal surrounding the candidate for the regional legislature.2. The landlady fired the servant who pocketed(独吞) household funds for his own use.3. After exploring for more than half a year, the ecologist felt a great from thrill(兴奋) spotting therare species at the foot of the mountain.4. “Better late than never” is a platitude(陈词滥调) that is very familiar to most English speakers.5. The couple had been trying to satisfy all the needs of their only youngster, who had been importuning (胡搅蛮缠) for more pocket moneny all the time.6. The unruly(不守规矩的) crowd became even more boisterous(喧闹的) when the negotiator tried to quiet them.7. The belief that one should work hard and be honest is deeply ingrained（根深蒂固）in our culture.8. The company was financially cornered（把…逼入绝境）and almost went into bankruptcy(破产) during last year’s economic recession.9. The employees tried to avoid every risk that might incur（导致）her displeasure during the firstmonth after her divorce.10. In order to prevent a sudden outbreak of hostilities, we must make no provocative（刺激的，挑拨的）move.11. The author of the book made a comparative study of courtesy（礼貌，礼节）between the two different cultrues. (etiquette 礼貌，礼节)12. After long night of revelry（狂欢）at the New Year’s Eve party ,most of the guests were drunk（喝醉的）.(looped 喝醉的)13. Since the beginning of last month, she has suffered now and then from a sharp and unexplained (不明原因的) headache for which the doctors are trying to find a cure. (unaccountable不明原因的)14. The security guard spoke angrily and seriously(气愤的斥责) to the group of noisy boys acting up in the garden of the hotel. (told off 斥责)15. Compared with all his peers, the young engineer had been noticeably（显著地）successful in that field.(conspicuously显著地)16. Many men tend to regard daily housework such as cooking, cleaning and laundry to be an irritating（使人烦恼的）nuisance. (pesky使人烦恼的)17. The psychiatrist encouraged his patient to release（释放）all his resentment at the way life had treated him.(let loose释放，放松)18. In this lively(生动的) romantic historical novel, the author narrates a riveting（引人入胜的）love story between two great figures of the 19th century. (racy 生动的)19. She was depressed by the gloomy(阴郁的，沮丧的), fog-bound scene on the waterfront and felt even more lonely.(murky 阴郁的，沮丧的)20. The chairman advised both parties to calm down and be rational because thy had reacheda sensitive(敏感的) stage of their business negotiation.（ticklish棘手的，敏感的)翻译：To invite eminent persons to help make advertisements should be regarded as one of the best advertising strategies and could, of course, produce a spectacular(powerful) VIP effect, privided that those celebrities are perfectly willing to accept the invitation and, more importantly, the products to be advertised are genuine and of fair prices. Sometimes, while a commodity is of inferior quality, the advertisement is full of words lavishing praise on it, if a celebrity shows up as an image agent for such a product, the advertisement could, if any, be temporarily successful before it turns the brand of the product in question notorious and, more disastrously, ruins the reputation of the eminent person thereafter. So, the famous are well advised to think more than twice before they agree to appear on the commercial.Unit21. Italian neo-realist(新实在论者)cinema focused on working—class subjects, using amateur actors and filming on location, rather than in the studio.2. Despite his wartime atrocities,(暴行)Hitler is still revered by neo-Nazi(新纳粹主义的) in many countries.3.Neo-fascist(新法西斯主义者)groups are an increasing threat to ethnic minorities across Europe.4. By neocolonialism（新殖民主义）we mean the practice of granting a sort of independence with the concealed intention of making a liberated country a client—state.5. The tutor tried hard to dissuade(阻止) students from using neologisms（新词）in formal writing6. He is a neo-Darwinist(新进化论者) animals is principally determined by natural selection, and that acquired characteristics cannot be inherited.7. The architect traveled around the whole of Europe seeking Palladio’s wonderful16th-century neoclassical（新古典主义的）buildings.8. In view of the still unknown physical risks that cloning might impose on neonates（婴儿）appropriate.9. The challenge for the future lies in fostering（培养）conditions in cities that will be favorable to economic growth.10. The old lady reaved（赞扬）about her grandchildren for about an hour.11. Gene therapy-----the actual correction or replacement of defective gene sequences in the embryo or the adult ------is the holy grail（最受欢迎的）of genetic medicine.12. Through genetic engineering, will scientists be tampering with the genetic diversity that has been the mainstay（支柱）of human survival in the past?13. A news release by the Chinese Ministry of Personnel printed in a few leading newspapers and on news websites caught the attention of thousands of twenty-somethings（人到二十）in October.14. For many reasons, the vast majority of heterosexuals(异性的) still prefer the “old—fashioned”, sexual way of producing children. No other method better expresses the loving union of a man and a woman seeking to make a baby.15. It is absolutely mandatory（强制的）that every dr iver of a vehicle must pass a driver’s license test.16. In today’s lightning—speed world many singles are embracing（拥抱，接受）the newest trend in relationship ----- speed dating-------to size up a potential love interest.17. As a young man, he spent a lot of time meditating（冥想）upon the purpose of life.18. She really enjoyed the film because it was a(n)fusion(融合) of history and contemporary events.翻译：Nowadays in the city’s tonier residential districts there are peple named as singles, who are usually young, rich and tech-savvy professionals and choose independently their own lifesyles. The number of singles has increased dramatically over the recent years. The reasons of remaining single are various:some may be busy exploring careers without putting their marriage into the agenda, some may indulge in their jobs, travel, entertainment, physical fitness or friendship, More than 80% of them have not abandoned the value of marriage, and they say they aspire to marry or they want to be married someday, but they are patient and feel content being single until they meet the right person.Unit31. In China, home computer ownership is expected to exceed（超过）that of the U.S. and Europe combined. ( outstrip超过)2. The company has been placed in a state of uncertainty(处于不确定状态) as the board decides what to do next.( limbo处于不确定状态)3. He wrote quickly, but from time to time he stopped(停下来) and look out of the window. ( ceased停止)4. Thousands of refugees left the country following（紧随）the outbreak of civil war.( in the wake of 紧随)5. An airline spokesman stated that the safety of passengers was absolutely of the most importance（最重要的）.(paramount 最重要的)6. The use of animals in scientific tests raises difficult moral(道德的) questions. (ethical道德的)7. TV coverage of the match had to be extended(延长) when it went into over -time.（prolonged延长)8. He’s a good person to be with if ever you’re in a tough(艰难的) situation. ( thorny 艰难的)9. He seemed to be a born（天生的）liar. ( congenital天生的)10. The operation was rather painful, but I felt a lot better afterwards(之后). (subsequently 之后)11. In the Netherlands euthanasia（安乐死）has already been legalized.12. Some observers doubt whether the peace process can be salvaged(挽救).13. Lack of essential minerals can cause deformity（畸形）in unborn children.14. All the cars are tested for defects（不合格）before they leave the factory15. We help people with mental or physical handicaps（残障）to find work16. She had a(n)lingering（挥之不去的）sense of guilt for some time after breaking off her relationship with Henry.17. The Government has to grapple with（努力克服）the problem of unemployment.18. He was arrested for allegedly（据说，据称）stabbing his former wife19. To her relief she was acquitted（无罪开释of all the charges laid against her.20. The frontiers(尖端科学) of medical knowledge are being pushed farther outwards as time goes on.翻译：People who are energetic, happy, and relaxed are less likely to catch a cold than those who are depressed, nervous, or angry. When the brain is “happy”, it sends messages to our organs that help keep the body healthy and sound. Your chance of developing the common cold, pneumonia, or even cancer may very well be decreased by keeping your brain in a healthy state. In addition, happy and relaxed people are prone to better health practices than their negative and stressed counterparts. They are more likely to get plenty of sleep and to engaged in regular exercise, and have been shown to have lower levels of certain stress hormones.Unit 41.Westerners perceive shape and dimensions(规模，大小)------(size)2. see cross-cultural varieties(品种；种类)------(types)3. any intrusion(侵入；闯入)------(penetration)4. essence(本质，实质)------(core)5. the word means “in a house” or “from a chamber(室内的；私人的)”------(room)6. adaptations(适应；改编)------(adjustments)7.The amount of distinguishing(有区别的)------(distinctive)8. make careful distinctions(区别) among different spatial elements ------(differentiation)9. secular and sacred(神的；神的）(holy)10. different perceptions of time may cause cultural conflicts(冲突；矛盾)------(clashes)11. Time is not a “mere connection”, as some English anthropologists(人类学家)but one of the most basic organizing systems of life, because all situational behavior has a temporal anda spatial dimension.12. Patterns(模式)are those implicit cultural rules by means of which sets are arranged so that they take on meaning.13. In fact, compared with more tangible(有形的；切实的)assaults on hischaracter------namely Jones’ pending sexual—harassment lawsuit and the federal investigation into White—water ------words in a book could barely hurt him.14. A small but persistent(固执的，坚持的) … still don’t buy it.15. Mr. Smith, who was worried that the ban might infringe(侵犯；违反)—abiding gun owners , had already voted against the bill.16. After all, scientists noted, HIV is a retrovirus, a class of infectious agents known for their alarming ability to integrate(使…完整；使…成整体)17. Suddenly, perfectly secular(世俗的；长期的)medieval—era arguments against the hubris of science.18. My study of space---- how people experience it and create a model of the spatial(空间的；存在于空间的)world in the central nervous system-----forced me to acknowledge the perceptual clichés of my culture.19. My ignorance of both hydroponics and of florist’s(花店)shops made me feel somewhat ease.Consequently I did not communicate in the manner I generally use when I am speaking on a familiar subject in a familiar setting.20. To understand an organization, you have to consider all of its components. Organizations arenetworks of related parts. Each element works together with the others to support efficient operations. The new MBA buzzword for it all is Organizational .Architecture(建筑学；建筑风格).翻译：As one travels abroad and examines the ways in which space is handled, startling variations are discovered; differrences which we react to vigorously. Since none of us are taught to look at space as isolated from other associations, feelings cued by the handling of space are often attributed to something else. In growing up people learn literarily thousands of spatial cues, all of which have their own meanings in their own contexts.当人们到海外旅游时，如果留心观察外国人如何处理空间关系，就会发现许多令人惊讶的不同之处；而这些不同之处总让我们反应强烈。