刘毅10000词汇学习笔记lesson 1（1）1.abdomen：part of the body below the chest and diaphragm, containing the stomach. 腹部Abdominal (adj) 腹部的an abdominal operation 腹部手术belly：(口)front of the human body from the waist to the groin；belly 肚子，胃with an empty belly 空着肚子in the belly of a ship 在船腹里belly out(动词用法)：鼓涨，凸出The wind bellied out the sails2.bereave：使某人丧失（尤指亲属）bereave sb of sb an accident which bereaved him of his wife 使他丧失妻子的事故the bereaved husband 死了妻子的男人the bereaved 丧失亲人的人bereavement（n）：丧亲之痛，丧失亲人deprive：take sth away from sb; prevent sb from enjoying or using sth 剥夺sb/sth的sth；阻止某人享有或使用sthdeprive sb/sth of sthdeprive of one's civil rights 剥夺某人的公民权deprivation（n）：剥夺；贫困；被剥夺的事物widespread deprivation 普遍贫困Missing the holiday was a great deprivation.错失假日是极大的损失。
deprived（adj）：贫困的，穷苦的deprived childhood 贫苦的童年3. consecrate：devote sth/sb to or reserve sth/sb for a special (esp religious) purpose 把sth/sb 献给sth/sb做某种（尤其宗教）用途consecrate sth/sb to sth consecrate one's life to the service of God, to the relief of suffering 献身于为神服务（解除世人痛苦）的事业devote：give one's time, energy to sth/sb; dedicate 为某人付出，向某人奉献，献身于devote oneself/sth to sb/sthdevoted（adj）：热爱的，非常忠实的，全心全意的a devoted son 孝子She is devoted to her children. 她深爱她的孩子。
devotee（n）：献身于某事物的人，热心者，某事物的迷恋者；某一宗派的拥护者a devotee of sportdevotion（n）：devotion to sth/sb 深爱，忠心，忠诚4.evoke：bring to mind(a feeling, memory) 引起或唤起情感，记忆produce or cause(a response ,reaction) 产生或引起（回应，反应）evocation（n）：invoke：use as a reason for one's action 援用（sth）为行动依据或理由beg for sth by praying 以祷告祈求某事物The government has invoked the Official Secrets Act in having the book banned.政府援引国家机密保密法以禁该书。
invocation(n): invocation to sb 求助于神或法律5. groove：沟，槽，纹习语：get into a groove 养成某种生活习惯furrow：犁沟，垄沟（v）（尤用被动语态）犁，使起皱纹newly furrowed fields 刚犁过的田地6. jolt：(使某人某物)颠簸着移动The old bus jolted along 旧公共汽车颠簸而行jolt sb into/out of sth：使某人受到震惊而采取某种行动He was jolted out of his lethargy and into action when he realized he had only a short time to finish the article.他意识到须在很短的时间里就得把文章写完，立即振作精神写起来。
joggle：使某人/某物轻轻摇动7. obsolete：不再使用的，过时的antiquated：（通常做贬义）过时的，废弃的8. prowl：小心的悄悄移动；悄悄行经（某处）；~ about/around 徘徊wild animals prowling in the forest 在森林里轻轻行走的野兽I could hear him prowling around in his bedroom all night.我听到他整夜在卧室里踱来踱去。
rove：漂泊，流浪，漫游bands of hooligans roving round the streets 成群结伙在街上游荡的流氓习语：have a roving eye 时刻寻找着调情或做风流事的机会9. scoop：用铲、勺挖scoop sth out \up 铲出，挖出shovel：用铲铲进shovel sth into10.status：地位身份职位situation：状况，处境，局面，形势位置situation comedy 情景喜剧11. sue对某人提起诉讼，控告某人sue sb for sth 控告某人要求sthIf you don't complete the work, I will sue you for damages.如果你不把工作做完，我就要控告你支付赔偿。
sue for sth （常用于法庭上）请求sue for peace 请求和解indict：（就某事）控告，起诉或告发某人indict sb for sthHe was indicted for murder.他被控杀人。
刘毅10000词汇学习笔记lesson 1（2）1. bandit：member of a gang of armed robbers 土匪强盗banditry（n）：盗匪行径brigand：（旧）土匪，强盗（尤指在山林中抢劫旅客的）2. commemorate ：keep a great person or event in people‘s memories 纪念（伟人，大事件等）；指（雕像，纪念碑等）作为对某人某事的纪念We commemorate the founding of our nation with a public holiday。
我们放假一天以庆祝国庆。
This memorial commemorates those who died in the war。
这座纪念碑是纪念战争中的牺牲者的。
celebrate：mark （a happy or important day，event）with festivities and rejoicing 庆祝，祝贺celebrated（adj）：著名的，驰名的3. defile：（文或修辞）make sth dirty or impure 使某物肮脏或不纯rivers defiled by pollution 受污染的河流（特）march in single file or a narrow column 指部队单行或纵队前进defilement（n）：污损，弄脏infect：（尤用于被动语态）使某人/某物传染，感染，污染某人/某物infect sb/sth withThe laboratory animals had been infected with the bacteria。
实验室的动物都已受到这种细菌的感染。
infection（n）：～with sth 传染，感染the infection of the body with bacteria 身体受细菌侵染。
4. deviation：（～from sth ）not following the normal or expected course、plan 偏离正常或原定的路线，计划；偏差deviation from the rules 违背规则deviate（v）：（～from sth ）偏离路线，标准；背离deviationism（n）：政治上的离经叛道delegate：（～sb to sth ）挑选或委派某人作代表；挑选或委派某人执行；将（权利、职责）委托给下级，授权给；delegate sb to a conference 委托某人作代表出席会议The new manager was delegated to reorganize the department。
派这位新经理重新组织该部门。
The job had to be delegated to an assistant。
这项工作得交给助手去做。
delegation（n）：代表，委托5. fortitude：（在痛苦、危险或困难面前表现出的）勇气、坚韧和自制力He bore the pain with great fortitude。
他以极大得毅力忍受了痛苦。
endurance：忍耐力He showed remarkable endurance throughout his illness。
他生病得整个过程都表现出非凡的忍耐力。
（特）endurance 作定语endurance test 耐力测验endurable（adj）可忍耐的，可容忍的enduring（adj）持续的，持久的6. inconsolable：that cannot be comforted 不能安慰的，无法慰藉的The children were inconsolable when their father died。
这些孩子因为丧父而悲伤不已。
console sb on/for sth 安慰，慰问某人Nothing could console him when his pet died。
consolatory（adj）：安慰的，慰问的depress（v）：make sb sad and without enthusiasm 使某人忧愁、消沉、沮丧；将某物压下，推下，拉下；（尤指贸易）不活跃，不景气Wet weather always depresses me。