二、 构成
肯定： 否定： to + do not to + do
三、 用法
• • • • • • • 主语（Subject） 宾语（Object） 宾补（Object complement） 定语（Attributive） 状语（Adverbial） 表语（Predicative） 与疑问词连用（interrogative ）
1 She ran fast in________________( order to catch 为了赶上) the first bus. too tired to fall asleep 2、I was______________________ (太累了，难于入睡。)
• 难点突破2：
• to do不定式与only或者never连用，表示 出乎意料的结果。 • He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left. • He left home at the age of 10, never to come back again.
你还学过哪些可以接不定式作宾语的动 词？
想做某事 want to do 愿意做某事 would like to do 希望做某事 hope to do / wish to do 决定做某事 decide to do 需要做某事 need to do 同意做某事 agree to do 计划做某事 plan to do 学会做某事 learn to do 主动提出做某事 offer to do
含义不同：
go on to do sth 继续做(另一件）事 go on doing sth 继续做（同一件） 事
can’t help to do 不能帮忙做…事 can’t help doing 禁不住做…事
难点突破：
1. 别忘了离开时把灯关了。 Don’t forget __________________ to turn off the lights before leaving.
句子成分
1. My mother asked me not to swim in that river. 2. He told Lily to sit down. 3. She asked me to come on time. 4. The teacher told the students not to make noise.
注意1：
有些词既可接动词不定式又可 接动名词，但含义不同，你 认识它们吗？
含义不同：
remember to do sth.记得要做某事 remember doing sth.记得做过某事 forget to do sth.忘记要做某事 forget doing sth.忘记曾经做过某事 regret to do sth.很遗憾要做某事 regret doing sth. 后悔做了某 mean to do sth 打算做某事 mean doing sth意味着做某事 stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth.停止做某事 try to do sth.尽力去做某事 try doing sth.尝试去做某事
描述人的性格、品质的形容词 用of
easy, hard, difficult, important, possible, necessary… 描述事物特征的形容词 用for
2.作宾语
(v.+ to do )
1) I want to buy a computer. 2) She hopes to find a better job. 3) I wish to go with you.
be 动词之后。 不定式作表语常放在____
7. 疑问词 + 不定式
不定式与疑问词who,which,when, how,what,where等连用，在句中起 名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾 语等。
☆在与why连用时，后面紧跟的动词不 定式不带to。 Why not have a rest?
难点突破:
学英语对我们来说是重要的。
It is important for us to learn English.
2. It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.
good, kind, nice, rude, clever, right, silly, brave, selfish…
4.不带 to的不定式：can’t but, can’t help but, can’t choose but+do “不得不”
We can’t but admire his bravery. We can’t choose but wait。 She is such a lovely girl that I can’t help but love her.
• 常用带to不定式作宾补的情况： • 主语 + ask / require / tell / order / force / get /allow/cause encourage/forbid/force/intend/ permit/ • persuade/remind/request/urge/ • warn/wish+sb. to do. sth.
1.He didn’t know__________. what to say (说什么)。 How to protect the environment 2.____________________________ (如何保护环境)is very important. when to start 3.My question is____________. (什么时候开始)。 where to go (去哪儿) 4. Please tell me_________. one to buy 5. I don’t know which _______________ (买哪一个) for you．
2. 父亲必须戒烟了。
Father must stop________. smoking
3. 他看完电视后，继续看了一会书。 After he watched TV, he went on _______ to read books for a while.
注意2
She finds it necessary to talk to him again.
1. 作主语
To grow trees is very important.
不定式作主语时,往往放在谓 语之后,用it作形式主语。
It is very important to grow trees.
你那样做是有礼貌的。
It is polite of you to do that.
1. It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth.
3.作宾语补足语
• She asked me to watch TV. • Lucy told him not to cry.
此类动词还有哪些？
想要某人做… want sb. to do 希望某人做… wish/hope sb. to do 允许某人做… allow sb. to do 建议某人做… advise sb. to do 鼓励某人做… encourage sb. to do 帮助某人做… help sb. (to) do
We have lots of things to do every day.
to do We have a lot of homework ________(do) .
to read We have many books _________(read). We don’t have enough time to _______ relax (relax) ourselves.
Book 3 Module4 grammar
语法复习----动词不定式
The infinitive 动词不定式
to do 动词不定式 not to do
【学习目标】
1. To learn the usage of “to do”. 2. To do a lot of exercises related to the grammar. 3. To put theory into practice and improve the ability.
5. 作定语
1) Have you got anything to say?
2) He’s looking for a room to live in?
不定式作定语，如果不定式的动 词是不及物动词， 则不定式中要 有介词。如上例的2)
6. 作表语
His wish is to be a doctor. My job is to help the patient.
I found
____________________________ it difficult to make he(有do无to) but, except, besides, other than
to do do
I have no choice but to wait. There was nothing for me to do other than wait until the meeting was over. She could do nothing but cry. What do you like to do besides swim?
I think it important to learn English.
不定式作宾语时，如带有宾语 补足语，则用it作形式宾语
sb. think / find + it+ adj. + to do