精心整理定语从句一、基本概念1．定语从句：在一个主从复合句中修饰某一个名词、代词或修饰整个主句的从句叫定语从句。
换句话说，定语从句就是用来作定语的句子。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
先行词前一般用the，但在指“一个”概念时可用a,an。
2．使用关系代词时应注意的几个问题：a.在以下几种情况下只使用that不用which。
1.先行词是不定代词时，如:all,anything,everything,nothing,something,little,few,much。
3.4.5.在6.7.b.1.2.Thebook(that)heboughtyesterdaywastheone(which)helikedbest.3.先行词在句中作介词宾语且介词前置时。
ThisisthehouseinwhichLuXunoncelived.c.当先行词为指人的关系代词时,引导词只用who不用that。
1.先行词为all,anyone,one/ones,those,people时，须用who。
1.Anyonewhoknowshowtodoitcandoitnow.2.Thosewhowanttoseethefilmpleaseputupyourhands.3.He,whodoesnotreachtheGreatWall,isnotatrueman.2.在非限制性定语从句中，须用who。
Tom’sfather,whoisoversixty,stillworkshard.3.在被分隔的定语从句中，须用who。
AnewteacherwillcometomorrowwhowillteachyouGerman.4.在以therebe开头的句子中，多用who。
Thereisastrangerwhowantstoseeourheadmaster.5.若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是that，另一个须用who。
Thestudentwhowaspraisedatthemeetingisthemonitorthatstudiesveryhard.3.Thehouse___________theybuiltin1937isstillinverygoodcondition.4.Thehouse__________isbuiltonsandmayfalldowninanearthquake.5.Theboy___________fatherisateacherisveryclever.6.Aclockisamachine____________tellspeoplethetime.7.Ourvillageisnolongertheone__________itusedtobe.8.Thehouse__________heislookingforisveryexpensive.9.Doyouknowtheman__________housesareallbroken?10.________isknowntoall,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceverymonth. 【答案】1.that/which2.who/that3.that/which/不填4.that/which5.whose6.that/which7.that/不填8.that/which/不填9.whose10.asII．把下面各组句子合并成含有定语从句的复合句。
1.Thegirlisnothere. Sheisgoingtosingasong.2.Theschoolisabigone. Theschoolstandsneartheriver.3.Thegirlworksveryhard. Herfatherisadoctor.4.Myuncleboughtthebikelastweek. Thebikehasbeenstolen.5．Thepenisveryold. Ilentittoyouthismorning.III．翻译下面句子1．刚才作演讲的那个教授已经走了。
____________________________________________________________？同样是表示时间的先行词，为何有时候用关系代词that,which，有时候用关系副词when？请对比以下几组句子：Ihavefoundthefactorythat/whichhevisitedlastweek.Ihavefoundthefactorywherehestayedlastweek.Thedaysthat/whichIspentthereareunforgettable.ThedayswhenIstayedthereareunforgettable.Thereasonthat/whichhetoldmeforhisbeinglateisthathegotuplate.Thereasonwhyhewaslateisthathegotuplate.说明:当引导词在定语从句中作主语,宾语或表语时,尽管先行词是时间名词,地点名词或表示原因的名词,我们仍然使用关系代词that,which。
这主要根据从句中的谓语动词是及物的还是不及物的。
注意：1．当用作关系副词，若修饰表示的名词time，day，moment，way时，用that代替when/why等。
如：Ithappenedonthedaythat/whenIwasborn.Idon’tliketheway(that/inwhich)youspeaktoyourmother.4．由介词+which/whom引导的定语从句介词一般由定语从句的动词而定。
Heistheboywhom/who/thatwearetalkingabouta.由b.c.d.数词/(比较：5．what如：Don’tworry.IwillgiveyouwhathelpIcan.别担心，我会近我所能帮你。
=anyhelpthat或asmuchhelpasWhat在从句中作定语时，还可于few，little连用修饰名词，表示“尽管不多，但已经全部”。
如：IwilllendyouwhatfewbooksIcanspare.我愿把为数不多的书全部借给你。
=allthefewbooksthatWecontributedwhatlittlemoneywehadtowardstheflood-strickenarea.=allthelittlemoneythat【小试牛刀】IV．用关系副词when,where,why填空1.Doyoustillremembertheplace_______youwereborn?2.Idon’trememberthedate_______myfatherwereborn.3.Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse________thegreatwriterusedtolive.4.Doyouknowthereason________hekilledhimself?5.Hewasbornintheyear__________theSecondWorldWarbrokeout.6.Healwayswantstogotohishometownandvisitedtheplace_________hegrewup.7.Kunmingisabeautifulcity________flowersareseenalltheyearround.8.Thechildrentodayareluckyastheyarelivinginatime________ourcountryisopentotheoutsideworld.9.Pleasetellmethereason________heisangry.10.Thiskindofprogrammewillbewellreceivedinthecountries_________manyChineseareliving. 【答案】1.where2.when3.where4.why5.when6.where7.where8.when9.why10.whereV12345【答案】VI13.Doyourememberthevillage__________weworkedlastsummer?14.Doyourememberthevillage__________wevisitedlastsummer?15.Doyourememberthedays_________wespenttogetherlastsummer?【答案】1.(that) 2.(that) 3.that 4.(that/which) 5.why 6.which/that7.as 8.when 9.which/that 10.(that) 11.whose 12.whom13.where 14.(that/which) 15.(that/which)【强化练习】I.不定项选择1.Theoldlady_____ishisgrandmother.A.youtalkedB.thatyoutalkedaboutC.youtalkedtoherD.youtalkedto2.Aman______JackwenttoQingdaoforaholidayyesterday.A.who’snameisB.whohisnameisC.whosenameisD.hisnameis3.Helivesinaroom______doorisbroken.A.whoseB.whichC.itsD.that4.Wevisitedthefactory_____makestoysforchildren.A.whereB.whichC.inwhichD.that5.Thefilm_____lastnightwaswonderful.A.whichwesawB.thatwesawC.whichwasshownD.thatwasshown6.I’llneverforgettheplace_____Ivisitedtenyearsago.A.whereB.thatC.inwhichD.what7.Sep.18,1995isaday_____we’llneverforget.A.whenB.inwhichC.thatD.forwhich【答案】Vechnology.(东城5月卷)A.andB.whenC.whichD.because3.I’dliketolivesomewhere_________thesunshinesallyearlong.(西城5月卷)A.whichB.thatC.whereD.inwhich4.InWasdalethereisamysteriousdarklake,_________depthhasneverbeenmeasured.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whose (海淀5月卷)5.Isittheyears__________youworkedinthefactory_________haveagreateffectonyourliteraryworks?(湖北八校一模卷)A.that;whereB.that;thatC.when;whereD.when;that6.Hewon’twanttoeatitunlesshe’sreallyhungry,in_______casehe’lleatalmostanything.A.whatB.thatC.whoseD.which(苏锡常镇一模卷)ernmentreports,legalpapersandmostbusinesslettersarethemainsituations_______Englishisused.(黄冈卷)A.whenB.thatC.howD.where8.EuropehasachievedmoreincontrollingtheAIDSvirusthanAsiainthepasttenyears,_______thenumberofpeo pleinfectedwiththevirusisgoingupsharply.(南京二模卷)A.whenB.thatC.sothatD.where9.Thesoldierssoonreached_______wasonceanoldtemple_____thevillagesusedasaschool.(汕头卷)A.which;whereB.what;whichC.where;whichD.what;where10.Thisisanunpleasantsubject_________wemightargueforalongwhile.(广州二模卷)A.inwhichB.withthemC.aboutwhichD.withit11.Afterall,withthehelpofmycomputerbrain_________neverforgetsanything,IQis_________I’mallabout.(海啸烟台三模卷)福建卷)A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which (山西卷)【答案】1．Dwho引导定语从句，对Mr.White进行补充说明。