专题3 议论文型完形填空专题导读议论文是高考完形填空中较难的一种文体，一般由三个要素组成：论点、论据、结论。
要做好议论文类的完形填空最重要的是抓住作者的论点。
不同的议论文论点的提出方式往往不同，大体有以下三种情况：(1)开门见山地提出论点。
有些议论文在文章的一开始就提出论点。
然后再通过具体的论据去说明论点，论据有时候既有正面的论据，也有反面的论据，最后总结全文。
(2)导入式提出论点。
有些议论文会先通过叙述生活中的一件具体的事情或描述生活中的现象，然后根据事情或现象所反映的问题提出自己的论点，再用具体的论据去说明自己的论点。
(3)最后提出论点。
有些议论文一开始作者仅仅是列举生活中的现象，不表明自己的观点，而是通过对具体现象的分析，自然得出一种结论，这种结论往往就是作者的论点。
对于纯议论形式的完形填空，要在掌握全文主旨的情况下，抓好每段的首句。
抓住了每段的主旨句也就是把握了文章的脉络，理解文意就容易多了。
真题典例[来源:Z*xx*][2011〃广东卷] It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes.The__1__is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的) growth by__2__situations that are designed for the__3__children.There can be little doubt that__4__classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their pl ace in life sooner.However, to take these__5__out of the regular classes may create serious problems.I observed a number of__6__children who were taken out of a special class and placed in a__7__class.In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judgment,relying__8__on their teachers’ directions.In the regular class, having no worry about keeping up, they began to reflect__9__on many problems, some of which were not onthe school program.Many are concerned that gifted children become__10__and lose interest in learning.However，this__11__is more often from parents and teachers than from students, and some of these__12__simply conclude that special classes should be set up for those who are__13__.Some top students do feel bored in class, but why they__14__so goes far beyond the work they have in school.Studies have shown that to be bored is to be anxious.The gifted child who is bored is an__15__child.()1.A.principle B．theoryC．arguments D．classification()2.A.designing B．grouping C．learning D．living()3.A.smart B．curious C．mature D．average()4.A.regular B．special C．small D．creative()5.A.children B．programsC．graduates D．designs()6.A.intelligent B．competentC．ordinary D．independent()7.A.separate B．regular C．new D．boring()8.A.specially B．slightly C．wrongly D．heavily()9.A.directly B．cleverly C．voluntarily D．quickly()10.A.doubted B．bored C．worried D．tired()11.A.concern B．conclusionC．reflection D．interest[来源:学科网]()12.A.students B．adults C．scholars D．teachers()13.A.talented B．worriedC．learned D．interested()14.A.believe B．think C．say D．feel()15.A.outstanding B．intelligentC．anxious D．ordinary【解析】本文是一篇议论文。
文章就有天赋的学生是不是应该进特殊班的问题进行了讨论：调查表明被分在特殊班的学生并没有表现出人们预料的好效果，因为特殊班里的学生过分依赖老师的引导，反而对学习失去了兴趣。
1．C考查名词辨析。
根据文意可知分班的争论是基于一种观念，即普通班会阻碍有天赋的学生的发展。
2．C考查非谓语动词的用法。
这里指为普通学生设计的普通班的学习环境。
3．D考查形容词词义辨析。
下文指为普通学生设计的普通班；average(普通的，一般的)与前面的gifted相对。
故选D。
4．B考查形容词的词义辨析。
特殊班能帮助学生早毕业，尽早地走进生活。
5．A考查语境理解。
根据上文可知此处指有天赋的孩子。
句意为：然而把有天赋的孩子从普通班分出来可能会产生严重的问题。
6．A考查形容词词义辨析。
此处intelligent意为“聪明的，有天赋的”，与gifted 同义。
7．B考查形容词词义辨析。
根据语境可知选regular，意为“普通的”。
[来源:Z*xx*]8．D考查副词词义辨析。
在特殊班里的学生没怎么表现出运用自己的判断力的能力，相反，他们过分依赖老师的引导。
9．C考查副词词义辨析。
由having no worry about keeping up可知在普通班有天赋的学生不必担心跟不上课程的问题，所以他们就会自动地思考许多问题。
此处voluntarily 意为“自愿地，主动地”。
[来源:]10．B考查形容词词义辨析。
许多人担心有天赋的孩子会感到厌烦从而对学习失去兴趣。
11．A考查名词词义辨析。
这种担心更多来自于老师和家长而不是学生。
12．B考查名词词义辨析。
根据上文的parents and teachers可知，一些老师和家长有了应该为那些有天赋的学生设立特殊班的想法。
13．A考查形容词词义辨析。
根据上文可知此处应为“有天赋的”学生。
14．D考查动词词义辨析。
根据语境可知选feel，意为“感觉”，feel so与前面的feel bored意义一致。
15．C考查形容词词义辨析。
根据上文Studies have shown that to be bored is to be anxious.可知此处选C。
新题预测(一)We convince ourselves that life will be better once we are married, have a baby, then another.Then we get frustrated because our children are not old enough, and that __1__ will be well when they are older.Then we are frustrated __2__ they reach adolescence and we must deal with them.Surely we’ll be __3__ when they grow out of the teen years.We tell ourselves our __4__ will be better whe n our spouse(配偶)gets his/her act together, when we have a nicer car, when we can take a __5__，when we finally retire.The truth is that there is no better time to be happy than __6__.If not, then when? Your life will always be full of challenges.It is better to admit as much and todecide to be happy __7__it all.For the longest time, it seemed that life was about to start—real life.But there were always some obstacles along the way, an ordeal(苦难) to __8__，some work to be finished, some time to be given, a bill to be __9__.Then life would start.It finally dawned on me that those __10__ were part of life.Little by little, that point of __11__ also helped me see that there isn’t any road to happiness.Happiness is the road. So, enjoy every moment. And bear in mind that __12__ waits for no one. So stop __13__ school to end, for a return to school, to lose ten pounds, to __14__ ten pounds, for work to begin, to get married，...before deciding to be happy. Happiness is a voyage, not a destination. There is no __15__ time to be happy than...NOW! Live and enjoy the moment.()1.A.we B．they C．all D．nothing()2.A.because B．but C．so D．and()3.A.luckier B．happier C．older D．healthier [来源:]()4.A.life B．study C．children D．condition()5.A.rest B．bath C．br eath D．vacation()6.A.before B．ever C．just then D．right now()7.A.instead of B．in addition toC．in spite of D．up to()8.A.meet with B．go aheadC．turn to D．get through()9.A.paid B．got C．asked D．printed()10.A.achieve ments B．obstaclesC．duties D．opinions()11.A.view B．life C．position D．condition()12.A.happiness B．time C．age D．road()13.A.asking for B．supposingC．waiting for D．hoping for()14.A.gain B．reduce C．weigh D．enjoy()15.A.worse B．better C．more D．less【解析】本文论述了在享受幸福时不要期待将来，要把握现在。