Summary on Medical English1. word-building:Prefixes: medical term firstA-CD-KMedical terms firstP-ZThese suffixes show the word is a small version of a thing.numbers:ONE: un or uni/ mono/ soloTWO: bi/ di/ du or duo/ do or dou THREE: triFOUR: qua or quad or quadr/ tetra or tetr FIVE: quin or quint/ pent or penta SIX: sex/ hex or hexa SEVEN: sept/ heptEIGHT: oct/ octa or octo NINE: non/ novTEN: dec or deca or deci ONE HUNDRED: centONE THOUSAND: mille or milli MANY: multi or polycolors:Grey: glauc(o), Red: erythr(o), Black: melan(o), White: leuc(o), leuk(o), Blue: cyan(o), Yellow: cirrh(o), Green: chlor(o)THE LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION OF THE HUMAN BODYI. INTRODUCTIONchemical (atomic to molecular), cellular, tissue, organ, organ system and, organismII. CHEMICAL LEVELatoms, molecules, elements or substances, compounds, mixtures, solutions, colloids and suspensions, homogeneous or heterogeneous, inorganic molecules, organic molecules, BiomoleculesIII. THE CELL – Structure and ProcessesA. The Structure of a Typical Cell1. Cell membrane or plasma membrane, cytoplasm, organelles (Mitochondrion, Ribosomes, Rough and Smooth endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, Lysosomes), Nucleus (Nuclear membrane/envelope, Chromosomes (DNA), Nucleolus, Nucleoplasm)2. columnar, cuboidal, squamous (irregularly shaped), polygonal, and fusiform (with tapered or tipped ends) cellB. CELLULAR PROCESSESadenosine triphosphate (ATP), Passive cellular processes (diffusion, osmosis and facilitated diffusion), Active processes (Endocytosis-Phagocytosis Pinocytosis, Exocytosis, Active transport systems)C. THE CELL CYCLEcell cycle, Cell division, Karyokinesis, Meiosis, Mitosis, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase, Cytokinesis, differentiation (maturation)IV. THE TISSUE LEVELHistologyEpithellial tissues (epithelium)Connective tissues: Dense and loose connective tissue, Bone (osteo-), Cartilage (chondro-), Blood (hemato/hemo), Fat (lipo-)Muscle tissues: Skeletal muscle, Smooth muscle, Cardiac muscleNervous tissues: Neurons, Neuroglial cells (Neuroglia, glial cells)V. THE ORGAN, ORGAN SYSTEM AND ORGANISM LEVELS1. organs (organo-), Organology2. organ system: Circulatory system, Respiratory system, Digestive system, Skeletal system, Muscular system, Endocrine system, Nervous system, Reproductive system, Integumentary system, Hematological system, Lymphatic system, Urinary system3. organism or individual.VI. TERMS USED IN STUDYING THE HUMAN BODY1. anatomical position: standing, arms on the side, feet together, and the head and palms facing forward.2. body planes or sections. Transverse or cross-sectional plane, Sagittal plane, Coronal plane3. directional terms.64. different regions and spacesDorsal cavity: Cranial cavity- brain, Spinal cavity- spinal cord;Ventral cavity: Thoracic cavity-lungs, heart, Abdominopelvic cavity (Abdominal cavity- intestines, liver, Pelvic cavity- reproductive organs, urinary bladder)VI. DISCIPLINES INVOLVED IN THE STUDY OF THE HUMAN BODYAnatomy, Cytology, Histology, Organology, Physiology, Biochemistry, Embryology,Genetics, PathologySome clinical sciences and practitionersMedicine (Internist), Surgery (Surgeon), Pediatrics (Pediatrician), Geriatrics(Geriatrician), Obstetrics (Obstetrician), Gynecology (Gynecologist), Psychiatry (Psychiatrist), Pharmacology and Therapeutics (pharmacologist)7Pathological and clinical termsPrimarySecondaryMetabolicNeoplasticMalignantBenignGeneticHereditaryCongenitalFunctionalSymptomSignSyndromePathologyAcuteChronicInflammation/ Inflammatory AutoimmuneInfection/infectious BacteriaVirus Fungi Parasite Allergy Allergen Swelling/edema Apoptosis Atrophy Hyperplasia Hypertrophy Necrosis Diagnosis History taking Complaint Prognosis Complication Sequela Inspection Palpation Percussion AuscultationThe Skinskinepidermisdermissubcutaneous tissuesweat glandmelanomamelanocytetineadermatitiseczemaacnealopeciaPsoriasis上述内容供普通班使用，全英班仅供参考其中：红色标记的要求知道中文词义和英文词义，黄色标记的要求不仅知道中英文词义，还能用英文解释。
考试题型本次考试为一张试卷，但分为必做题和附加题。
8必做题（100分，所有学生必做）Part I Reading comprehension 单选Part II Vocabulary 单选Part III Define the following terms in a sentence附加题（30分），全英班的同学以及准备申请进入全英班的同学必做除上述题型外，还包括：A．LabellingB. Organize the words given into a logically arranged diagramC. Write the singular and adjective forms of the words考试涉及的内容以构词为主，少数题目涉及简单的医学知识，但都是课堂上讲过以及讲义上包括的内容。
复习以讲义为主。
9。