被动语态（一）语态：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。

英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

例如：Many people speak Chinese. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people 来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。

例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 主语English是动词speak的承受者。

（二）被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。

现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。

一般现在时：am／is／are＋spoken一般过去时：was／were＋spoken一般将来时：will／shall be＋spoken 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋spoken 过去进行时：was/were being＋spoken现在完成时：have／has been＋spoken 过去完成时：had been + spoken（三）主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。

（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。

例如：All the people laughed at him. →He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory. →The bikes are made by them in the factory.He cut down a tree. → A tree was cut down by him.（四）含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成We can repair this watch in two days.→This watch can be repaired in two days.They should do it at once.→It should be done at once.（五）特殊情况（一感二听三让四看）1.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday.→The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.2.Mother never lets me watch TV .→I am never let to watch TV by mother. （六）常见的句型结构：It is(was)agreed(believed/decided/hoped/thought......）that......大家同意（相信、决定、希望、认为）......It is(was)well known that......众所周知It is(was)said(reported，heard，told，suggested)that......据说(报道、听说、告知、建议......)被动语态练习题一、单项选择:( ) 1. English ____ in Canada.A. speaksB. are spokenC. is speakingD. is spoken( ) 2. This kind of car ___ in Japan. A. makes B. madeC. is makingD. is made( ) 3.New computers ___ all over the world.A. is usedB. are usingC. are usedD. have used( ) 4.Our room must ___ clean.A. keepB. be keptC. to be keptD. to keep( )5.A new house ___ at the corner of the road.A. is buildingB. is builtC. been builtD. be building( )6.Doctors ___ in every part of the world.A. needB. are needingC. are neededD. will need( ) 7.Japanese ___ in every country.A. is not spokenB. are spokenC. is speakingD. is not speaking( ) 8. The flowers ___often.A. must be waterB. must be wateredC. must wateredD. must water( )9. The old stone bridge ___ next week. A. is going to be built(建造) B. will be build C. are going to be built D. will build( )10.Old people must be looked after well and ___ politely.A. speak toB. spoken(speak的过去分词)C. speakD. spoken to二、将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一词。

1. We can finish the work in two days.The work _____ _____ _____ in two days. 2. The children will sing an English song. ( sing-sung)An English song _____ ____ _____ by the children.3. You needn't do it now. (do-done) It _____ _____ _____ by you now.4. Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week. (sent-sent)A New Year Card ____ _____ ____ her by me last week.5.I give this book to the library. (give-given) This book ____ ____ to the library.6.We'll put on an English play in our school.(put-put)An English play ____ ____ _____ on in our school.7.More and more farmers buy color TV sets. (buy-bought) Color TV sets ___ ___ ___ more and more farmers. 8.We must water the flowers every day. The flowers must ___ ______ (by us) every day.9.They use knives for cutting things. Knives ____ _______(by them) for cutting things10.We clean the classroom every day. The classroom ____ _______(____ ____) every day.三、将下列主动句转换成被动句：1.I gave my cousin a toy at Christmas. (give-given) ______________________________ ____________________2. They should do it right now.（do-done） __________________________________________________3. People in the town laugh at Mike. _________________________________________4.I saw a dog crossing the road.(see-seen) _____________________________________5.Young people must take good care of old people.(take-taken) ____________________ __________________________6.He didn't give the dictionary to me yesterday.(give-given) _______________________ ________________________四、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。

(请注意时态和语态两个方面)1.It's said(据说) that the long bridge______________（build）in two months．2.Where to have the meeting ______________ （discuss）now．3.Which language _______the most widely_______（speak）in the world？4.The lost boy_____________（not find）so far．st year a large number of trees______________（cut）down．6. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.7. The old man is ill. He ______ (must send) to the hospital.8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop.9. What _______ knives ______ (make) of ?They_______________(make) of metal(金属) and wood.10. Can the magazine ________ (take) out of the library?11. The room _____________ (clean) by me every day.12. The stars can’t _____________ (see) in the daytime.13. Some flowers _______________ (water) by Li Ming already.14. This kind of shoes __________ (sell) well.15. How long _____ your uncle ______(be) in the city?16. The food _____________ (smell) delicious.17. Look! Someone __________(dance).五、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。