非谓语动词（6~8分）第一讲：非谓语动词（一）教学目的：唤起学生对非谓语概念的理解，使学生掌握判断非谓语动词的方法和有关词汇的双重用法，掌握非谓语的三种形式。
教学重点：本节教学重点是判断非谓语动词的方法，有关词汇的双重用法；动名词的考点。
教学难点：掌握什么时候用非谓语教学过程：一、考情分析非谓语动词在专升本中是一个重要考点，属于每年必考内容，主要考查分词做状语、定语和独立主格结构，和一些动词的固定搭配。
所谓非谓语动词是指不能作谓语的动词(针对谓语而言)，也不受主语人称和数的限制，但具有动词的某些特征。
它可以做主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语、状语和同位语。
二、讲课过程基础知识补充动词的形式：五种基本形式（为了区别谓语与非谓语外加另外一种不定式形式）原形单三过去式eat eats ate(谓语动词形式：即可以单独作谓语)现在分词过去分词不定式eating eaten to eat（非谓语动词形式：不能作谓语）He eats an orange.(主+谓+宾)I eat an orange.(主+谓+宾)I ate an orange.(主+谓+宾)I am eating an orange.(主+谓+宾)He has eaten an orange.(主+谓+宾)An orange was eaten by him.(主+谓+宾)I am to eat an orange.(主+谓+宾)含义：不能做谓语的动词1、什么时候用非谓语？一句话，有谓语，多动作，无连词Seen from the top of the mountain, our school looks so beautiful.2、形式：动名词（构成：动词原形+ing）分词（现在分词、过去分词）现在分词构成：动词原形+ing过去分词构成：动词原形+ed 或done；动词不定式基本形式：“to+动词原形”，有时可省去to非谓语动词的形式如下:非谓语动词的否定形式：not +不定式，not + 动名词，not + 分词非谓语动词的语法功能一、动名词主语：Reading is my hobby.宾语：I enjoy reading.表语：My hobby is reading.定语：He is in the reading room.二、现在分词表语：The book is interesting.定语：It's an interesting book.状语：He sat there, reading a newspaper.宾补：I saw him standing there.三、过去分词表语：They were excited at the news.定语：There are a few minutes left.状语：Seen from the hill, our school looks beautiful. 宾补：I saw him beaten by Tom.四、不定式主语：To catch the train is impossible.宾语：They need to look at a map.表语：My work is to clean the classroom.定语：I have lots of work to do.状语：I am sorry to trouble you.宾补：He told me to close the door.考点动名词考点一：动名词作宾语的动词1.admit doing sth. 承认做某事2.advise/suggest doing sth. 建议做某事3.allow/permit doing sth. 允许做某事4.appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事5.avoid doing sth. 避免做某事6.consider doing sth. 考虑做某事7.delay/put off doing sth. 推迟做某事8.deny doing sth. 否认做某事9.like(enjoy)/dislike doing sth.喜欢/不喜欢做某事10.escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事11.fancy doing sth. 喜欢做某事12.finish doing sth. 完成做某事13.forbid /prohibit doing sth. 禁止做某事14.forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事15.give up doing sth. 放弃做某事16.imagine doing sth. 想象做某事17.keep doing sth. 保持做某事18.mention doing sth. 提及做某事19.mind doing sth. 介意做某事20.miss doing sth. 错过做某事21.practice doing sth. 练习做某事22.prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事23.report doing sth. 报告做某事24.risk doing sth. 冒险做某事25.stop doing sth. 停止做某事词组：devote to,get down to,be accustomed to confess to have trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth.例题：He enjoys ___ pop music while I prefer classical music.A. listen toB. to listenC. listeningD. listening to补充知识：及物动词：后面必须跟宾语的动词，像buy,reach,give等。
不及物动词：1、单独使用表达完整词义，无需跟宾语。
2、若跟宾语需与介词搭配使用。
Many teenagers feel no difficulty____computers.A. to learnB. learnC. in learningD. learnedThe doctor advises____ less and___more exercise.A.to eat ; to takeB.eating; to takeC.eating; takingD.to eat ;takingThe student doesn't mind___when he speaks English.A.being laughedB.being laughed atC.to be laughedughing at考点二：在need/require/want/be worth等词后面接动名词主动形式表被动含义。
need doing=need to be doneThe sentence needs____.A.improveB.improvingC.improvedD.an improvement解析：考察need的用法。
need doing sth. 某事需要被做。
句子与改进之间是被动关系，所以要用到被动。
选项里面没有被动形式，但是need的特殊用用法，可以用主动形式表被动。
所以选项是B.improving。
The problem is worth_____.A.discussingB.to discussC.discussedD.to be discussed解析：考察be worth 的用法。
be worth 后面不可以跟to do 不定式,只跟动名词表示被动含义。
problem与discuss之间明显为被动关系，所以正确选项是A。
句意：这个问题值得被讨论。
The garden requires___.A. wateringB. being wateredC. to waterD. having watered答案：A解析：本题中的require“需要”，与need/want同义，后接动词ing形式表示被动。
题干译文：花园需要浇水了。
故选项A. watering正确。
考点三：有些动词后既可以接动名词又可以跟不定式，所表示意义不一样。
不定式表示事情尚未发生，动名词表示事情已经发生。
1、forget to do忘记去做某事He forgot to invite his teacher to the party.forget doing 做过某事忘记了He forgot having reading this book.2、remember to do sth.记得去做某事Remember to take an umbrella when you go out.remember doing sth. 记得做过某事He remembered being taken to Shanghai when he was a child.3. try to do sth. 尽力去做某事He tries to make friends with all kinds people.try doing sth. 试着做某事She tries making friends with all his classmates.4. mean to do sth.打算做某事He means to go abroad.mean doing sth. 意味着Giving in means giving up.5. regret to do sth.遗憾做某事I regret to say that you are fired.regret doing sth.后悔做了某事He regretted having told you the truth.I didn't mean ___ anything but the cakes looked so good that I couldn't resist ___ one.A.eating;tryingB.to eat;to tryC.eating;to tryD.to eat;trying解析：考察动名词的用法。
mean to do sth.打算做某事，resist doing sth.抵制做某事句意为：我不打算吃任何东西的，但是蛋糕看起来非常好以至于我不能抵制吃一块。
Don't forget ___your lawyer this weekend.A.meetingB.to meetC.having metD.met解析：考察动名词的用法。
forget to do sth.忘记去做某事forget doing sth.做过某事忘记了。
句意：不要忘记这周末去约见你的律师。