神经科学进展-认知功能障碍
• To be clarified
– AD could one day be diagnosed preclinically by the presence of biomarker evidence of AD-P, which may eventually guide therapy before the onset of symptoms.
失在内的各种奇怪行为症状的患者。随后,
Alzheimer对其进行了随访。1906年, Mrs.
Deter去世,她的脑组织与病史被送往Munich
的Kraepelin实验室。于是,Alzheimer与两位
意大利同事通过组织染色发现了淀粉样斑块
和神经纤维缠结。最后于1906年11月3日,
Alzheimer进行了第一次早老性痴呆临床与病
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修改至Cummings JL. Primary Psychiatry. Vol 15, No 2. 2008
• 阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease)
AD (AD-P & AD-C) 的新理念、诊断新指南NIA2011 AD研究热点 AD治疗及预防新进展
• 血管性认知功能障碍(Vascular Cognitive Impairment)
New research criteria
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Diagnosis of AD:
High accuracy, at earliest stage
• Revising AD definition “dual clinicopathological entity” (1) 临床表型:a progressive dementia
• FTDP-17病例报道
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Alois Alzheimer,1864-1915,德国神经病理
学家、精神病学家。1906年11月3日,第一
次定义了阿尔茨海默病。
1901年,Alzheimer在Frankfurt Asylum遇见患
者Mrs. Auguste Deter,一位有着短期记忆丧
认知功能障碍诊断、治疗新观念
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• 痴呆是一种获得性多认知障碍疾病,通常 包含记忆损害以及非谵妄条件下的至少其 他一种认知功能损害失语、失用、失认和 执行功能受损(归纳、计划、启动、排序、 跟踪、终止)。
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Wimo A, et al. Alzheimer’s Disease International World Alzheimer Report 2010.
• synaptic loss and vascular amyloid deposits.
– AD “双重临床生物学实体”:
• in-vivo biological evidence of Alzheimer’s pathology
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病理生理升级模式
个体易感性
Co-morbidity
• AD-C: Clinical phases oห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ AD as “AD-Clinical”
– including not only AD dementia, but also MCI due to AD-P
• Between AD-P and AD-C
– Time lag: 10 yrs or more (evidence: genetic at-risk and aging cohorts)
clinical decline and emergence of AD-C.
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New Research Criteria framework
理特征的报道。
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Aβ, Tau
内侧颞叶萎缩、颞顶 叶低代谢
记忆认知行为障碍
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AD (AD-P & AD-C) 的新理念、 诊断新指南NIA2011
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Lancet Neurol 2010; 9: 1118–27 The International Working Group Howard H Feldman Jeff rey L Cummings Philip Scheltens
– The hypothesis that many individuals with laboratory evidence of AD-P
are indeed in the preclinical stages of AD, and determine which
biomarker and cognitive profiles are most predictive of subsequent
P Tau
分子病理变化
地形学变化
临床表型
病理损精选害pp和t 生物标记物密切相关 18
AD的病理级联动态生物标志物模型
Extent of biomarkers
生物标精选记pp物t 和临床表型密切相关 19
AD两个临床阶段: AD-P and AD-C
• AD-P: AD-pathophysiological process
• episodic memory impairment as a defining feature and involvement of other cognitive domains or skills,
(2) 特异的神经病理改变
• intraneuronal (neurofibrillary tangles), extracellular parenchymal lesions (senile plaques),
– Extent of biomarkers as predictor?
– Modulate the relationship between AD-P and AD-C
• “a specific threshold or regional distribution of AD pathology, and/or a specific combination of biomarker abnormalities” remains unknown