A comparative study on the structure of British and American Governments The structure of American GovernmentsThe main government of the united states is the Federal government.It has three branches:The Legislature,The Executive and The Judiciary.Congress is the legislative branch of the federal government and it consists of two houses:the Senate and the House of Representative.the senate has 100voting member.2 from each of the 50 states.a senator must be over 30 years old.the House of Representative has 435 voting members,a Representatives must be at least 25years old.Congress helps to pass laws of the UnionThere are 15 departments and many independent agencies in executive branch.the President is the chief of the executive branch,who has the power to manage national affairs and the working of the federal government.Cabinet is under the President in the administration branch,which serves the president as a presidential council.The judicial branch consists of 3 main courts:the supreme courts,the courts of appeals and the district courts.the supreme courts is the highest court of the United states.the courts of appeals is set up to share the burden of the Supreme Court.The district courts serves for local government ,and every state has its own judicial system.The structure of the British GovernmentsThe main 3 parts of the British Governments is the Legislature,the Executive and The Judiciary.Parliament is the law-making body of Britain,which is made of the Crown,the House of Lords and the House of Commons.The government is made up of the Prime Minister,the Cabinet ministers and assistants to the ministers.the prime minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.The Cabinet is the supreme decision-making body in the British government.the Cabinet follow the principle of collective responsibility and individual ministerial responsibility.In fact,the Prime Minister is the most powerful leader in Britain.The judicial branch is complicated in British.every district has there own legal systems.the magistrates’court deal with all criminal cases.the Crown Court deal with the more serious cases,which will go to high court or the Court of Appeal or even the supreme court。

In a word,Britain is a country of constitutional monarchy while America is a federal country.A brief account of the rise and fall of the British Empire.The British Empire began with the colonization of Newfoundland in 1583.in 1837,Britain was known as the First British Empire.The Second British Empire was established at Victorian Age.Victorian encouraged further industrialization ,the building of the railway and the growth of trade and commerce.During Victoria’s reign,the British government adopt a foreign policy know as New Imperialism.By the end of the 19th century,the British Empire included about a quarter of the global population and a quarter of the world’s land mass.During the mid-19th century,Britain consolidated her existing colonies.In East Asia,British waged the Opium War against China and occupied Burma,Sri Lanka,Singapore and so on.British also control the African and south Africa.On the eve of world War1,British boasted that they had “an empire on which the sun never set.”During the world war 1,as the member of the Allies,Great Britain won the war ,but the cost of the war was great:British lost the sea supremacy,and the business was slack.In a word,the war had a devastating effect on Britain.In addition,the Great Depression brought many problems to the British economy and society.During the world war 2,Britain won the war but around 357000people were killed or missing, and 475000 were wounded.Britain lost its naval supremacy forever to the United States.It took Britain at least 10 years to repair the damage wrought by the Depression and the war.After the world war 2,the empires was faced with the anti-war feeling and alsothe menace of other European countries.An independence movement swept the entire British Empire and more than 20 countries won their independence,such as India,Pakistan,Egypt,and Suez Canal Zone.The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth of Nation.2.A comparative study on the structure of British and American Governments.The structure of British Governments.The body of British Governments is Parliament and it consists 3 parts :the Crown,the House of Lords and the House of Commons.The monarchy is regard as a separate institution.A comparative study of British and Chinese educational systems.Educational system of BritainThere are 4 stages:primary education(age of 5 to 11),second education(age of 11 to 16),further education(2 years) and higher education(around the age of 18).Two school systems in Britain for primary and secondary education:state system(free of charge）and independent system (fees are required).Independent school are much better founded than most state school and recruit the best teacher and provide superior facilities,but it requires high fees.Over 7 percent of all British children receive primary and secondary education through the independent system.When they finish their schooling at 16 ,they take a national examination,the general certificate of secondary education(GCSE),then,some of them choose to continue full-time education in “sixth form”(2years),others choose to begin working.in order to admmited to university,students should pass the a-levels(General Certificate of Education-Advanced Level),those who don’t want to go to university may choose to take vocational training.In university,it takes students 3 years to get the first degree--Bachelor of Arts(B.A) or Bachelor of science(B.S).The students need one-year of full-time studying to obtain Master’s Degree in Arts or Master’s Degree in Science and another 3 to 4 years to get a doctoral degree.there are more than 100 universities in Britainand some of them are famous around the world,such as Oxford university,Cambridge and the university of London and so on.The open university:offers a special route(such as TV,radio broadcast,correspondence or network) for people to take get a university degree. Chinese educational systemThere are 4 stages:basic education,occupational /Polytechnic education,higher education and adult education.Basic education consists of pre-school education(3 years), primary (6 years) and junior (3 years) and senior (3 years) middle school.Occupational/Polytechnic Education consist of medium-level professional schools, polytechnic schools, occupational middle schools as well as various short-term occupational and technical training programs.Common higher education consists of junior college and university bachelor, master and doctoral degree programs. The junior college programs usually last 2 to 3 years, the bachelor programs last 4 years (medical and some engineering and technical programs take 5 years), the master programs take 2 to 3 years and a doctoral program requires 3 years.Adult education includes anti-illiteracy education and other programs aimed at adults.Self-taught higher education examination programs also became increasingly popular, with 224 disciplines available in 1998.Chinese government views basic education as one of its top priorities. British government。