Unit 1 Helping those in need单词raise v. 筹募，增加，提高She raises money for the disabled people.He asked the boss raise his salaries.permission n. 准许，批准They entered the area without permission.permit是其动词形式，常见搭配为permit sb to do sth，意为允许某人做某事。
Permit me to explain.teenager n. 青少年The teenager ran away after being punished.offer v. 主动提出He offered to do voluntary work[拓展]offer意为“主动提出”时，后接动词不定式to+do；offer还可作“提供，供应”解，常用短语有offer sb sth或offer sth to sb.They offered us some money.suffer v. (因疾病等)受苦；受折磨The children suffered from serious illness.serious adj. 严重的；严肃的、庄重的That could cause serious injuryPlease be serious for a minute, this is very importantillness n. （某种）病He stayed home for a day because of a slight illness.organize v. 组织，筹备We organized a painting competition for them.express v. 表达，表露。
He could not express his feelings of sadness to his mother. 他不能向母亲表露出内心的悲痛.pain n. (精神上的)痛苦，苦恼；（肉体上的）疼痛, 疼痛He felt a sharp pain in his knee.他感到膝盖一阵剧痛。
(肉体上)I never meant to cause her pain.我从没有让她痛苦之意。
（精神上）lonely adj. 孤独的，寂寞的I live all alone but I never feel lonely. 我虽孑然一身, 但从不感孤寂。
lonely与alone的区别：a.lonely只用作形容词，在句中既可作定语，也可作表语，表示“孤独的，寂寞的”意思，强调内心孤独，带有浓厚的感情色彩，具有“渴望得到同伴”的含义I'm a lonely man.b.alone 形容词,副词，意为“独自的（地）、单独的（地）”，指客观情况（独自一人，没有同伴或助手）I am alone at home.（作形容词作表语）I like to work alone. （作副词修饰work）friendship n. 友谊，友情At school she formed a close friendship with several other girls.difficulty n. 困难；费劲The country is facing great economic difficulties.joy n. 愉快，喜悦To his great joy, she accepted. peace n. 平静，宁静She lay back and enjoyed the peace of the summer evening.hurt v. （使）疼痛；受伤He hurt his back in an accident.My feet hurt. 我脚疼。
[拓展]hurt还可用作名词，意为“（精神上的）痛苦，创伤”The experience left me with a feeling of deep hurt.courage n. 勇气She didn't have the courage to refuse.siprits n. 情绪，心境to be in high/low spirits 情绪高/ 低You must try and keep your spirits up.pay v. 付费pay (sb) (for sth) 支付……费用；I'll pay for the tickets. 我来买票Her parents paid for her to go to Canada.pay (in) cash 用现金支付You'd get a discount for paying cash.pay by cheque/credit card 用支票/信用卡支付Can I pay by credit cardcommunity n. 社区He's well liked by people in the community.in need 需要帮助的We are collecting money for families in need.常见的用法还有in need+of sth，意为“需要……”。
I was all right but in need of rest.write a letter to sb 给某人写信You can write a letter to him[拓展]receive a letter from sb.或hear from sb. 收到某人的来信。
I received a letter from my friend yesterday= I heard from my friend yesterday.ask permission 请求批准。
permission为不可数名词，意为“批准，准许”。
You must ask permission if you want to leave early.They took away the books without permission.Could you do sth? 你能做某事吗？用于委婉地请求别人做某事，有时候在you后面加please。
Could you please close the door?Yes, sure.[拓展]表示委婉请求的句型还有“Would/Will you please (not) do sth”Would you please (not) feed the dog?give sb. a hand 意为“帮助某人”，相当于help sb.Come on! Let me give you a handthe disabled people 表示有残疾的一类人，意为“残疾人”。
(P2)The businessman always tries his best to help the disabled.talk to 和……交谈，后面接表示人的名词或代词，相当于talk with。
talk about意为谈论某事。
I want to talk to my mother.Today we are going to talk about travelling.without 介词，意为“没有；不”，后面常接名词，人称代词宾格或动词-ing形式，在句子中作定语或状语。
其反义词为with，意为“有”，用法与without相同。
There are many families without childrenHe left the classroom without saying a word.I often dream of a big house with a nice garden.辨析offer与provideoffer 意为“主动提供”；愿意给予，常用offer sb. sth. 或offer sth. to sb.provide 意为“供给；提供；准备”常用provide sb. with sth.或provide sth. for sb.I offer Cindy a gift=I offered a gift to Cindy.They provided Cindy with all the books=They provided all books for Cindy.suffer from sth. 意为“因某事受苦，受某事的折磨”，后面常表示疾病、痛苦、寒冷、饥饿，悲伤等词。
His child is suffering from a bad cold.This country often suffers from floods.take photos of 意为“给……拍照”，相当于take pictures/photographs of，也可用take a photo/picture/photograph of表示相同含义。
而take photos意为“拍照”。
Let’s take a photo/picture of the park.Tony enjoys taking photos.express oneself 意为“表达自己的意思、思想、感情”等。
（p3）You can express yourself freely.[拓展]express的名词形式为expression，意为“表达，表情”。
an expression of surprise.continue to 意为“继续做某事”，continue后面可接动名词，同样表示“继续做某事”，They continue to have a partyMike continued reading the book.[拓展]continue作不及物动词，意为“继续；连续，延伸”。
The snow continued for two days.continue with sth. 继续（做）某事。
You can continue with your work.have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难。
difficulty可以用problems或trouble来代替。
I had some difficulty (in) working out the maths problems.have the courage to do sth. 有勇气做某事He does not have the courage to give up his idea.in good health 身体健康，相当healthy，常用作表语。