英语语法知识汇总-五B 第一课时——名词复数重点：名词的复数变化规则。
难点：灵活运用。
这里强调两点：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is.1.一般+s 如map→maps ， bag→bags 等2.特殊：以s,x,sh,ch 结尾的单词+es 如bus→buses ， watch→watches 等；3.以辅音字母+y 结尾，去掉y 加上ies ，以元音字母+y 结尾加上s4.以f 或fe 结尾，去掉f/fe 加上ves 。
如 knife→knives leaf→leaves wolf→wolves wife→wives life→lives thief→thieves5.有时可数，有时不可数：典型例词：fish 当它解释为鱼肉时是不可数名词，当它解释成同一种鱼时，单复数同形，复数即为fish ，当它解释为不同一种鱼时，+es,即为fishes.6.以o 结尾，a) photo→photos ，piano→pianos,radio→radios ，zoo→zoos b ）加es 的名词有：potato→potatoes tomato→tomatoes7.特殊词：child---children(小孩) man--men （男人） woman--women(女人） 8.单复数同形(单数和复数一样）people(人）sheep(绵羊) deer （鹿）) 9.国人变复数 :口诀：中日不变英法变，其余s 加后面。
Chinese--Chinese Japanese--JapaneseEnglishman--Englishmen Frenchman--Frenchmen American--Americans 等等10. 字母、数字、引语、缩略语变复数，在其后加s 或's 。
eg. There are two t's in the word “bottle".各种不同情况 变化方法 例词一般情况直接加-sbook-books bag-bags cat-cats bed-beds 以s. x. sh. ch结尾加-esbus-buses box-boxes brush-brushes watch-watches peach —peaches glass--glasses以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y 为i, 再加-es family-families study--studies以“f 或fe”结尾变f 或fe 为v ，再加-esknife-knives不规则名词复数man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice foot-f eet child-children fish-fish Chinese-ChineseThere are two 1's i n the number “2011".一、用所给的单词的复数的正确形式填空： 1> There are three ______(chair) in the classroom. 2>These _______(tomato) are red.3>My brother looks after two ______(baby) 4> My father likes to eat _______(potato). 5>Chinese ______(people)like to eat noodles. 6>I have a lot of ______(toy) in my bedroom.7>I help my mother wash ______(dish) in the kitchen. 8>I have two ______(pencil-box).9>There are some ______(bus)in the street. 10>Peter has eight _____(foot). 二、选择填空( )1．I can see three ________ in the zoo. A monkeys B monkeyes C monkey ( )2.The pig has four ______. A. foot B. feet C. foots( )3.My two brothers are both ______. A. policeman B. policemans C. policemen ( )4.I can see ten _____ in the picture. A. sheep B. dog C. pig( )5.The _____ has three__. A. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches ( )6.Can you see _______on the plate? A. bread B. breads C. breades( )7.The girl often brushes her_____ before she goes to bed. A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth ( )8.Mr Black often drink some _________.A. milk B. milks kes ( )9.There are some _____on the floor. A. child B. water C. books( )10..Lucy will show us some new ____ of hers. A. photo B. photos C. Photoes 第二课时——2、人称代词和物主代词重点：区分人称代词和物主代词。
难点：词性。
人称代词：有主格和宾格之分。
一般动词前用主格，动词后用宾格。
一、用适当的人称代词填空：1. __________ is my aunt. we often visit __________. ( she )2. china is a developing country. _________is in the east of asia. ( its )3. what day is __________ today? — __________ is thursday. (its)人称代词物主代词 单数 复数 单数复数 主格宾格 主格宾格 形容词性形容词性第一人称 I （我）mewe （我们） us my （我的） our （我们的） 第二人称 you （你） youyou （你们） you your （你的） your （你们的） 第三人称 he （他）himthey（他/她/它们）them his （他的）their （他/她/它们的）she （她） herher （她的） it （它）itit （它的）5. i own a blue bike. the red one isn’t __________. ( i )二、用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词填空1. i ate all ____ sandwiches yesterday.( i ) can i have one of ____ ? ( you )2. george has lost ____ ( his ) pen. ask mary if（是否）she will lend him ____ . ( she )3.. jack has a dog and so have i. ____ ( he ) dog and ___( i ) had a fight (打架).4. the teacher wants you to return that book of ____ ( he )5. mr. and mrs. green and a friend of ____ are coming to see us. ( they )三、用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空a. 从括号内选择正确的代词填空1. your football clothes are on the desk.please put _________(they，them，their，theirs) away.2. (we，us，our，ours)_________ english teacher is mrs. green.we all like _________(she，her，hers).3. (i，me，my，mine)_________ can’t get my kite.could you help _________(i，me，my，mine)?b. 填入正确的人称代词和物主代词1. this isn’t________knife. _________ is green. ( she )2. these are your books，kate. put __________ in the desk，please. (they )3. _______ must look after ________ things. ( you )4. wei fang，is that ________ ruler? yes，it’s.( you )5. they want a football. give __________ the green one，please. ( they)四、用括号中的适当形式填空（1）are these ________（you）pencils?yes, they are ________（our）.（2）—whose is this pencil?—it’s ________（i）.（3）i love ________（they）very much.（4）she is________（i）classmate.第三课时——冠词指近处指远处单数this （这个）that （那个）复数these（这些）those（那些）有a、an、the。
a和an的区别：an用于元音音素（一般就是元音字母a、e、i、o、u）前，a用于辅音音素前。
基本用法——当代语法把冠词分为不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词（即不用冠词）三种。
冠词是一种虚词，起限定作用，是最主要最典型的限定词，放在名词（或名词化的形容词分词）前面，说明其所指的人或物。
此类问题很多人都会陷入误区，认为见到a,e,i,o,u前面就该用不定冠词an,如果不是就用a，这是不对的哦，其实正确的理解应该是当单个字母或单词发音以元音开头就用an,否则用a，可以说当用an时与是否出现元音字母无关。