The Daniel Defoe’s works
• “The Shortest Way with the Dissenters” in1702, “The True-born Englishman” in 1701.In 1704,he founded “The Review” , a political, literary periodical and carried it to 1713. He wrote four other novels: Captain Singleton (1720), Moll Flanders(1722), Colonel Jack(1722)and Roxana(1724), apart from the second and the third part of Robinson Crusoe .A Journal of the Plague Year.
The background of neoclassical period
• Political: The English society of the
neoclassical period was a turbulent one .Of the great political and social events there were the Restoration of King Charles|| in 1660, the Glorious Revolution in which King James|| was replaced by his daughter Mary and her Dutch husband William, in 1689.In short, it was an age full of conflicts and divergence of values.
Industry Revolution
The picture about Industry Revolution
The age of Enlightenment or the age of Reason
• The eighteenth-century England is also known as the age of Enlightenment or the age of Reason. The Enlightenment movement was a progressive intellectual movement which flourished in France and swept through the whole Western Europe at the time. The movement was a furtherance of the Renaissance of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.
Daniel Defoe
• Daniel Defoe was born in London in a butcher’s family ,he never went to university, but he received a good education in one of the best Dissenting academies. Daniel Defoe found himself interested in business. He started as a small merchant and all his life his business underwent many ups and downs, and yet he was never beaten. His quick mind, abundant energy and never-failing enthusiasm always brought him back on his feet after a fall. He died in 1731.
The background
• Economic: The eighteenth century saw the fast
development of England as a nation. Abroad, a vast expansion of British colonies in America, India, the West Indies. And at home in the country, Acts of Enclosure were putting more land into fewer privileged rich landowners and Industrial Revolution made England become the work-shop of the world ,her manufactured goods flooding foreign markets far and near.
What is neoclassicism?
• In the field of literature, the Enlightenment Movement brought about a revival of interest in the old classical works. This tendency is known as neoclassicism. • The neoclassicists believed that the artistic ideals should be order, logic, restrained emotion and accuracy. This belief led them to seek proportion, unity, harmony and grace in literary expressions, in an effort to delight, instruct and correct humans beings, primarily as animals. Thus a polite, urbane, witty, and intellectual art developed.
What’s the purpose of Enlightenment Movement?
• Its purpose was to enlighten the whole world with the light of modern philosophical(哲学) and artistic ideas. The enlighteners celebrated reason or rationality, equality, and science.
The great enlighteners
• The great enlighteners in England were those great writers like John Dryden, Alexander Pope, Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele, the two pioneers of familiar essays, Jonathan Swift, Daniel Defoe, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, Henry Fielding and Samuel Johnson.
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The book is worth to read
Robinson Crusoe
• Robinson Crusoe ,an adventure story very much in the spirit of the time is university considered his masterpiece. Robinson Crusoe , supposedly based on the real adventure of an Alexander Selkirk who once stayed alone on the uninhabited island Juan Fernandez for five years , is in fact , a work of sheer imagination.
Picture about Industrial Revolution
The major force ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้f the Revolution
• Along with the fast economic development, the British bourgeois or middle class also grew rapidly .It was the major force of the revolution and mainly composed of city people: traders, merchants, manufactures, and other adventures such as slave traders and colonists.
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The Neoclassical Period
• What we now call the neoclassical period is the one in English literature between the return of the Stuarts to the English throne in 1660 and the full assertion of Romanticism which came with the publication of Lyrical Ballads by Wordsworth and Coleridge in 1978.