2018年10月高等教育自学考试《语言与文化》试题课程代码：00838I. Each of the statements is followed by four alternatives. Read following incomplete each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement. (20%)1. Without the emergence of man would remain what he was one or two million years ago.A.cultureB. speechC. languageD. thinking2. When we say that language is , we mean that the language is rule governed.A.systematicB. arbitraryC. vocalD. symbolic3. The relationship between a word and an object in the real world to which the word refers isthe meaning of the word.A. connotativeB. socialC. affectiveD. conceptual4. If an entry in a dictionary consists of two or more words, it will be treated as aA. phraseB. clauseC. compoundD. sentence5. The following Chinese sentences are implicit passive sentences EXCEPTA．花晒着太阳了。

B．红旗被插上了井冈山。

C．湿衣服吹吹风，干得快。

D．道路加宽了，立交桥也修起来了。

6. The following sentences have hypotactic relations EXCEPT" "A. Bread and butter is my favoufite breakfastB. The man ran away when he saw the dogC. John loves Mary and Mary loves John, tooD. He bought tea, coffee, eggs, milk, etc7. "Flora" is a quite common English name. It belongs to names.A. religiousB. weaponC. flowerD. knowledge8. In English speaking countries some elderly persons may use" "as a vocative toaddress a young lad without meaning to offend.A. sonB. ladC. manD. buddy9. The meaning of the idiom "the cat's got your tongue" is" "A. you're jokingB. you're clumsyC. you're very quietD. you're angry10. The sentence "她是个王熙凤式的人物" uses an allusion from a Chinese literary workA. Three KingdomsB. Dream of Red MansionsC. Water MarginD. Pilgrimage to the West11. In the sentence "Bring the child down to me for a formight. I have a huge old gardenwhere he can be as free as a bird", the tenor isA. a birdB. a fortnightC. a huge old gardenD. the child12. In the following metaphorical expressions," " shows ideas are food.A. That idea won't sellB. That's budding theoryC. We don't need to spoon-feed our studentsD. That cuts right into the heart of that matter13. There are more honourifics in Oriental language than in European language, is particularly rich in honourifics.A. ChineseB. JapaneseC. EnglishD. French14. Pleasant, polite or harmless sounding words or expressions that are used to mask harsh, rude or infamous truths areA. honourificsB. terms of humilityC. euphemismsD. taboos15. Hypotactic relations at the sentential level refer to constructions whose components are linked through the use ofA. conjunctionsB. juxtapositionC. punctuationD. prepositions16. For the whole day he climbed up the steer mountainside, almost without stopping. And in all this time he met no one.In the above example, the logical relationship between the sentences is relations.A. additiveB. adversativeC. causalD. temporal17. The most striking phonetic difference between American and British English is the pronunciation of" "in words.A.aB.rC.iD. wh18. Advertisement English differs from other varieties of English in many ways. A tactful use of homophones can be found in the following advertisement" "A. Never bathe aloneB. I'm MORE satisfied (cigarette)C. 7 days without 7-up make one weak (beverage)D. We've hidden a garden full of vegetables where you'd never expected in a pie19. Nonverbal messages which serve the function of the verbal messages are ones that could stand alone ifthe verbal messages were not present.A. complementingB. repeatingC. contradictingD. regulating20. When an item in the target nonverbal communication systems corresponds in both form and meaning to an item in the native nonverbal communication system, the learner can simply the item in his or her native non-communication systems to the target ones.A. associateB. transferC. interpretD. differentiateII. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternatives can complete the statement. There is more than one correct answer to each question.(10%)21. Thought is the of the human brain.A. functionB. influenceC. productD. medium22. The word "young" is associated with" "in English culture.A. vigorousB. creativeC. inexperiencedD. flexible23. Which of the words have inflectional morphemes?A. running.B. eats.C. quickly.D. worked.24. Among the following forms of address, are NOT accepted in English culture.A. Mayor StoneB. Accountant SmithC. Teacher JonesD. Director Black25. What is true about a proverb?A. A proverb is a brief familiar maxim of folk wisdom.B. A proverb is usually compressed in meaning.C. A proverb contains scientific accuracy rather than folk wisdom.D. A proverb often involves a bold image or a jingle that catches the memory.26. Metaphors can be found in the sentence " "A. That young man is a bear at mathematicsB. He is as strong as a horseC. His words stabbed at her heartD. Pop looked so unhappy, almost like a child who has lost his piece of candy27. "不敢当" in Chinese can be translated into" "A. It's very kind of you to say soB. You praised me too muchC. Not reallyD. Thank you28. In which of the following sentences can paratactic relations be found?A. I believe he is an honest man.B. He bought tea, coffee, eggs, milk, etc.C. The man ran away when he saw the dog.D. Bread and butter is my favourite breakfast.29. Words that are used in American English areA. barB. trousersC. flatD. candy30. Which of the following are typical examples of emblems?A. The "pointing" gesture, when accompanying language.B. Patting one's pen or pencil on the desk, rubbing one's arms, nail biting.C. The "salute" gesture (formed by briskly bringing a flattened hand to the right side ofthe forehead).D. The "Ok" gesture (with one's thumb and forefinger forming an O shape and the otherthree fingers stretching out).III. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (20%)31. The medium of verbal interaction is without which cooperation would be impossible.32. The Chinese equivalent for "housewarming" is rather than "室内供暖"。