Unit 3 Machine ToolsI．Lead-inInformation related to the textHow many types of basic machine tools are there? Do you know what parts can be processed with these machine tools? Do you know the differences among these machine tools? Do you know how these machine tools are used in the cutting a metal?In this unit, you’ll learn the knowledge about the five basic machine tools. Now, let’s study key words and phrases together.II. Word Study1. drill [dril] n. 钻床，钻头，训练; vt. 钻孔，训练vi. 钻孔；训练1) related phrases：drill press 钻床；twist drill麻花钻；hand drill 手电钻2）The workers are using the advanced electric drill.工人们正在使用先进的电子钻。
3) The dentist drilled a hole in the tooth.牙科医生在牙齿上钻个洞。
2. lathe [leið] n. 车床vt. 用车床加工1) related phrases：lathe tool[机]车刀；lathe bed车床床身；lathe chuck 车床卡盘2) Existing lathe, CNC lathe, milling machine, grinder and other equipment more than 10.现有车床、数控车床、铣床、磨床等各类设备10余台。
3) He turned the wood on a lathe.他在车床上车削了那块木料。
3. milling [mil] n. 磨，制粉，【机械学】铣削；v. 碾磨；磨成粉1) related phrases：milling machines 铣床，milling cutter铣削刀具, milling planer龙门铣床, milling spindle铣刀轴2) High-speed spindle system is one of the keys to high-speed milling.高速主轴系统是高速铣削的关键之一。
3) The factory has lathes, milling machines, grinding machine, planer, line cutting, EDM, processing centres and other facilities.本厂拥有车床，铣床，磨床，刨床，线切割，电火花，加工中心等设备。
4. grinder ['ɡraində] n. 磨床，研磨机；研磨者；[机]磨工；[医]臼齿1) related phrases：surface grinder 平面磨机；cylindrical grinder 外圆磨床；buff grinder 抛光机2）Cylindrical Grinder also undertake the processing.同时还承接外圆磨床加工。
3）Basic operation skill for Surface Grinder, Milling Machine and Lathe, Knowledge in basic engineering drawing and basic mold tooling concept.能操作熟悉平面磨床，手动铣床，车床等设备，能看懂基本的工程图纸，具备基本的模具概念。
5. boring [bɔ:] n. 钻孔，镗削vt.钻(孔)，【机械学】镗(孔)；adj.无聊的1) related phrases：boring bar镗杆；钻杆；horizontal boring and turning mill 卧式镗床；boring cutter镗刀2) It is very important that determine arbor size when planning process of boring on lathe.在制定车床上镗孔的工艺规程时，镗刀杆尺寸的确定十分重要。
3) Today is a boring day.今天是个无聊的一天。
4）Marriage is not love, is often trivial and more boring, less passion and romance.婚姻不像爱情，往往是多了琐碎和枯燥，少了激情与浪漫。
III．Language points1. Tapping is the process of cutting a thread inside a hole so that a cap screwor bolt may be threaded into it.译文：攻丝是在孔里切出螺纹的过程，以便螺钉或螺栓能旋合进去。
说明：句中process of …的过程，so that a cap screw or bolt may be threaded into it作目的状语。
threaded [θ'redid] adj. 有线状图案装饰的v. 穿过；穿线于（thread的过去分词）1) related phrases：threaded connection 螺纹连接；threaded bush 套筒螺母2）Each lever has two threaded connectors for chain installation.每个杆都有两个螺纹连接器用于链条安装。
3）Each end is threaded to allow the installation of valves, connections, or relief devices. 每一端都车有螺纹，以安装阀门、接头或减压装置。
2. For turning operations, the lathe uses a single-point cutting tool, which removes metal as it travels past the revolving workpiece.译文：在车削操作中，车床用一个单刃切削刀具在旋转的工件上进行金属切削。
说明：句中which removes metal引导非限制性定语从句修饰 a single-point cutting tool, as it travels past the revolving workpiece.是时间状语从句。
turning ['tə:niŋ] n. 转向；旋转；回转；转弯处v. 旋转（turn的ing形式）1) related phrases：turning moment 转矩；turning machine 车床2）The top is turning like a screw. 那顶端象螺丝一样地旋转着。
3）Spin the pendulum round by turning the red knob.转动红色的把手使钟摆开始转动。
3. Milling can produce flat or angled surfaces, grooves, slots, gear teeth, and other profiles, depending on the shape of the cutters being used.译文：铣削根据所用的铣刀形状可分别加工平面或斜面、槽口、缝、齿轮的齿和其他的型面。
说明：句中depending on the shape of the cutters being used作伴随状语。
4. In shaping, the cutting tool on a shaper reciprocates or moves back and forth while the work is fed automatically towards the tool.译文：在刨削的操作中，当工件自动朝刀具方向进给时，牛头刨床上的刀具作往复或前后移动。
说明：句中while the work is fed automatically towards the tool作时间状语从句。
reciprocate [ri'siprəkeit]vt. 报答；互换；互给vi. 往复运动；互换1）The piston is reciprocating inside cylinder.活塞在汽缸内部往复运动。
2）I hope I can reciprocate your hospitality some time.我希望下次能回报你的热情款待。
句中，back and forth反复地，来回地1）COM links all of components in the system together, enabling them to pass requests and information back and forth.COM将系统中的所有组件连接在一起，允许它们来回传送请求和信息。
2）She walked back and forth on the path.她在小路上来来回回地走着。
5. Precision grinding is concerned with grinding to close tolerances and very smooth finish.译文：精磨应用于接近于精密公差和光洁度很高的磨削。
说明：句中be concerned with涉及…，关于…，与…有关1）Scholars and researches should not be concerned with whether their work makes a contribution to the larger society.我们不应该仅仅关注学者和研究者的著作能否对社会做出贡献。
说明：close tolerances紧公差；严格的容限1) related phrases：close-tolerance forging精确（公差）锻件；close toleranceflame cutting 高精度火焰切割2）Our casting process ensure high consistent quality casting and our uniquely designed. High-precision machining equipment can produce part within close tolerance at all time.严密的生产管理，先进的工艺设计，精密的设备，在任务时候都能保证生产出高质量的零件。