儿科学课程期末试卷A卷(试卷及答案详解)复旦大学上海医学院儿科学系期末考试试卷■A卷□B卷课程名称：_儿科学___________ 课程代码：_MED130029___________开课院系：_儿科学___________________ 考试形式：开卷/闭卷/课程论文/姓名：学号：专业：题号12345678总分得分IgM IgD IgG IgA IgE2. The range of serum natrium concentration inisonatremic dehydration should be120~140mmol/L 130~160mmol/L 140~160mmol/L 140~150mmol/L 130~150mmol/L3. A boy, one year old ,with high fever 6 days, listlessness, frequent cough, paroxysmal respiratory distress . Physical examination: nares flaring, marked inspiratory retractions, dullness at both lower lungs, decreased breath sounds, small amount of fine moist rale through both lungs. The white blood count was 9.0×109/L, the chest x-ray showed bilaterally patchy shadow of density. The most likely diagnosis is:A. staphylococcal pneumoniaB. respiratory syncytial virus pneumoniaC. adenovirus pneumoniaD. mycoplasma pneumoniaE. pneumoncoccus pneumonia4. Which is main difference between dehydration of severe degree and moderate degree?poor skin resiliencyorbit pittingoliguria or anuriametabolic acidosisperipheral circulatory failure5. A pre-term baby of one month and two days old, gestational age 35 weeks, born in winter, breast feeding, weight is increasing from 2.0kg to 3.0kg. Now which supplementary food is added to at first and why?A. rice-water, for supplementation of energyB. vegetable soup,for supplementation of mineral substancesC. rice-paste,for supplementation of energyD. cod liver oil, for supplementation of Vit AE. cod liver oil, for supplementation of Vit D6. What time is better for weaning in breast feeding baby?4-5 months of age6-9 months of age 10-12 months of age 13-15 months of age 18 months of agebreast-milk is1:2 1.5:1 2:1 1.2:1 1.5:28. What is the most important clinical feature of nephritic syndrome?ProteinuriaEdemaHypertension Hypoalbuminemia Hypercholesteolemia9. Of the following, the only one that normally rises in the infant in the firstweekafter birth isA. hematocrit D. temperatureB. body weight E. bilirubinC. pulmonary arterial pressure10. The major manifestation of Tuberculous meningitis in children isA. A tense anterior fontanealB. ConvulsionC. StuporD. Cranial nerve palsiesE. Mood changes11. If the mother’s Rh blood type is CcDdee and the fetus is CcDdEe, then Rh incompatibility should beC antigenc antigenD antigenE antigen e antigen12. DTP (Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis vaccine), Primary immunization should be takenA. Just one timeB. Once a month, two timesC. Once a month, three timesD. Once a week, two timesE. Once a week, three timesnewborn will be recovered in1~3days3~5 days5~7 days7~10 days 10~14 days14. A healthy boy, one year and six monthsold, how much energy and water should herequire everyday ?energy (kj) /kg water(ml) /kgA. 418 (100 kcal) 100B. 460 (110 kcal) 100C. 418 (100 kcal) 110D. 418 (100 kcal) 125E. 925 (150 kcal) 15015. An infant, weight 7 kg, length 65 cm,head circumference 42 cm, the infant should beA. 5 months oldB. 6 months oldC. 7 months oldD. 8 months oldE. 9 months old16. If a staphylococcal pneumonia patient suddenly breath difficultly, we should consider that is because :high feveracidosis pneumonia developed pyopnemothorax heart failurein childrenPrimary pulmonary tuberculosis Miliary tuberculosis Tuberculosis meningitis Tubeculosis of abdomen Tuberculous pleurisy18. Which one is the cyanotic type of congenital heart diseaseventricular septal defect atrial septal defect tetralogy of Fallot Patent ductus arteriosus pulmonary stenosis19. The major manifestions of acute glomerulonephritis arehypertension, hematuria, proteinuria proteinuria, hypertensionedema, hypertension, hematuriaoliguria, edema, hypertension, hematuria oliguria, edema, hematuria, hypercholesteolemia20. PPD test is a reliable diagnostic test for tuberculosis, an infected patient respounds positively of infectionimmediately within 1-2 week within 2-4 week within 4-10 week after 10 week21. 幼儿1岁半,诊断为佝偻病活动期。
为避免其"O"形腿加重,宜采用下列哪项预防措施：A. 补充维生素DB. 补充钙剂C. 多晒太阳D. 减少行走E.外科矫形术22. 缓解支气管哮喘急性发作的首选治疗方法为：A. 吸入短效β2受体激动剂B. 吸入色甘酸二钠C. 氨茶碱静脉注射D. 口服抗组织胺药E. 静滴抗生素23. 一患儿因慢性贫血,经多方检查确诊为营养性巨幼细胞贫血。
下列哪项是其最有诊断意义的临床表现?A. 舌尖及反甲B. 皮肤瘀点伴黄疸C. 肝、脾及淋巴结肿大D. 皮肤苍黄,毛发枯黄E. 反应迟钝,智力倒退,发育落后24. 男孩,10岁。
患原发性肺结核。
在其自然演变过程中,最为常见的是:A. 自然吸收或钙化B. 发展为肺门淋巴结结核C. 病灶溶解、坏死形成空洞D. 血行播散E. 发展为胸膜炎25. 4个月健康婴儿,生活在某地。
因无母乳,当地只有羊奶。
而喂羊奶的缺点是A. 蛋白质含量稍多,但以白蛋白为高B. 脂肪含量多,但其脂肪球少C. 叶酸与维生素B12含量少D. 矿物质含量过高E. 每100ml羊奶中的热量过低26. 一足月儿娩出时脐带绕颈,Apgar评分1min 与5min分别为3分、7分,经复苏抢救于生后6h 入院。