当前位置:文档之家› 考研英语:翻译真题精讲4

考研英语:翻译真题精讲4

考研英语:翻译真题精讲(4)————————————————————————————————作者: ————————————————————————————————日期:ﻩ考研英语:翻译真题精讲(4)一、全真试题Theywere by far,the largest and most distant objects that sci entists had ever detected: a strip of enormous cosmic clouds some 15 billion light-yearsfromearth.(71)But even more important,it was thefarthestthat scie ntists had been ableto look intothe past,forwhat they were seeing were the patternsand structures that existed 15 billion yeas ago. Thatwas just aboutthe moment that the universe was born. Whatthe researchers found was at once both amazing and expected:the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration’sCosmic Background Explorer satellite—Cobe—had discovered landmark evidencethat the universe didin fact begin with the p rimeval explosion that has becomeknown as theBig Bang(the the ory that the universe originatedin an explosion from a single m ass of energy).(72)The existenceof the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang,first put forward in the1920s,to maintain its reig nas the dominant explanation ofthe cosmos. According tothe theory,the universeburst intobeing as a submicroscopic,unimaginably dense knot of pure energy thatflew outward in all directions,emitting radiation as it went,condensing into particles and then into atoms of gas. Over billions of years,th e gas wascompressed by gravity into galaxies,stars,plants and eventually,even humans.Cobe is designed to see just the biggeststructures,but ast ronomers would like to see much smaller hot spots as well,the seedsof local objects like clusters andsuperclusters of galaxies.They shouldn’t have long to wait.(73)Astrophysicistsworking with ground-baseddetectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments are closing in on such structures,and may report their findings soon.(74)Ifthesmall hot spots look as expected,that willbe a t riumph for yet another scientific idea,arefinement of the Big B ang calledtheinflationary universe theory. Inflationsay s that veryearly on,the universe expanded in size by more t han a trillionfold in much lessthan a second,propelled by a sortof antigravity.(75)Oddthough it sounds,cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequenceof some respected ideas in elementary particle physics,and many astrophysicists havebeencon vinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.二、翻译题解(71)But even more important,itwasthe farthestthatscientistshad beenable to looks into the past,forwhattheywere seeingwerethepa tterns and structuresthatexisted15 billion years ago.句子拆分:拆分点参考:标点符号,从属连词But even more important,// it was the farthest //that scientists ha dbeen able to lookinto the past, // for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures // that existed 15billion years ago.解析:句子结构为:主句+ for引导的原因状语从句。

for引导的原因状语从句的主语为what主语从句。

even more important为整个句子的状语词的处理:even more important更为重要的是(形容词短语做状语,较特殊)the patterns and structures(宇宙云的)形状和结构15 billion years ago 150亿年前技巧点拨:(1)状语But even more important直接翻译到句子最前面即可,“但更为重要的是”。

(2)第一个that为定语从句修饰the farthest,其中,the farthest为“th e+形容词”表示一类人、一类事物的结构,此处需要运用增词法将其翻译完整,即“最遥远的景象”;此外that定语从句需前置。

(3)第二个that引导的定语从句结构较简单,直接前置为“(存在于)150亿年前的......”。

完整译文:但更为重要的是,这是科学家们所能观测到的最遥远的过去的景象,因为他们看到的是150亿年前宇宙云的形状和结构。

(72)The existence of the giant cloudswasvirtually required forthe Big Bang, first put forward in the 1920s, to maintain its r eign as thedominant explanation of the cosmos.句子拆分:拆分点参考:标点符号,分词,动词不定式Theexistence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, //first put forwardin the 1920s, // to maintain its r eign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos.解析:(1)整体结构是:The existence... was virtually required for...,tomaintain...(2)first put forward inthe 1920s是过去分词短语作插入语,为theBig Bang的定语。

(3)不定式短语to maintain its reign为目的状语修饰require(4)介词短语as the dominant explanation of the cosmos做状语修饰maintain词的处理:the giant clouds巨大的(宇宙)云virtually事实上,实际上,实质上the Big Bang大爆炸理论first put forward首创的,开始提出的in the 1920s二十年代to maintain its reign as以保持……的地位explanation of the cosmos对宇宙(起源论)的解释技巧点拨:(1)被动语态was required for,根据少用“被”翻译英文被动语态的原则,此处译为“(为)......所需要的”“是......所必不可少的”。

(2)不定式状语to maintainit reign需要调整语序,放到其所修饰的required之前,方符合汉语表达习惯。

(3)其中,状语to maintain it reign,意为“保持其统治”,貌似不完整,增词成为“保持其统治地位”;介词短语定语as the dominant explanation of the cosmos修饰reign,字面理解“作为对宇宙的主要解释”。

这两部分进行组合一下就成了“保持其作为宇宙的主要解释的统治地位”,但是很别扭,可以进一步处理为“保持其对宇宙解释的统治地位”“保持其对宇宙解释的主导地位”。

(4)专有名词“theBig Bang”,没有相关知识背景的话,不是很好翻,但可以联系上下文语境找线索,发现原文中theBig Bang第一次出现时,后面有括号进行了解释说明:(thetheory that the universe originatedin anexplosion from asingle mass of energy),因此知道这是一个理论,译为“大爆炸理论”。

相关主题