练习一梁的有限元建模与变形分析计算分析模型如图1-1 所示, 习题文件名: beam。

NOTE:要求选择不同形状的截面分别进行计算。

梁承受均布载荷：1.0e5 Pa图1-1梁的计算分析模型梁截面分别采用以下三种截面（单位：m）：矩形截面：圆截面：工字形截面：B=0.1, H=0.15 R=0.1 w1=0.1，w2=0.1，w3=0.2,t1=0.0114，t2=0.0114，t3=0.0071.1进入ANSYS程序→ANSYSED →Interactive →change the working directory into yours →input Initial jobname: beam→Run1.2设置计算类型ANSYS Main Menu: Preferences →select Structural →OK1.3选择单元类型ANSYS Main Menu: Preprocessor →Element Type→Add/Edit/Delete… →Add… →select Beam 2 node 188 →OK (back to Element Types window)→Close (the Element Type window)1.4定义材料参数ANSYS Main Menu: Preprocessor →Material Props →Material Models →Structural→Linear→Elastic→Isotropic→input EX:2.1e11, PRXY:0.3→OK1.5定义截面ANSYS Main Menu: Preprocessor →Sections →Beam →Common Sectns→分别定义矩形截面、圆截面和工字形截面：矩形截面:ID=1,B=0.1，H=0.15 →Apply →圆截面：ID=2,R=0.1 →Apply →工字形截面：ID=3,w1=0.1，w2=0.1，w3=0.2，t1=0.0114，t2=0.0114，t3=0.007→OK1.6生成几何模型✓生成特征点ANSYS Main Menu: Preprocessor →Modeling →Create →Keypoints →In Active CS →依次输入三个点的坐标：input:1(0,0),2(10,0),3(5,1)→OK✓生成梁ANSYS Main Menu: Preprocessor →Modeling →Create →Lines →lines →Straight lines →连接两个特征点，1(0,0),2(10,0) →OK1.7网格划分ANSYS Main Menu: Preprocessor →Meshing→Mesh Attributes→Picked lines →OK →选择: SECT:1（根据所计算的梁的截面选择编号）；Pick Orientation Keypoint(s):YES→拾取：3#特征点(5,1) →OK→Mesh Tool →Size Controls) lines: Set →Pick All(in Picking Menu) →input NDIV:5→OK (back to Mesh Tool window) →Mesh →Pick All (in Picking Menu) →Close (the Mesh Tool window)1.8模型施加约束✓最左端节点加约束ANSYS Main Menu: Solution→Define Loads →Apply→Structural →Displacement →On Nodes→pick the node at (0,0) →OK→select UX, UY,UZ,ROTX →OK✓最右端节点加约束ANSYS Main Menu: Solution→Define Loads →Apply→Structural →Displacement →On Nodes→pick the node at (10,0) →OK→select UY,UZ,ROTX →OK✓施加y方向的载荷ANSYS Main Menu: Solution→Define Loads →Apply→Structural →Pressure→On Beams→Pick All→V ALI:100000 →OK1.9 分析计算ANSYS Main Menu: Solution →Solve →Current LS→OK(to close the solve Current Load Step window) →OK1.10 结果显示ANSYS Main Menu: General Postproc →Plot Results→Deformed Shape…→select Def + Undeformed→OK (back to Plot Results window) →Contour Plot→Nodal Solu →select: DOF solution, UY, Def + Undeformed , Rotation, ROTZ ,Def + Undeformed→OK1.11 退出系统ANSYS Utility Menu: File→Exit →Save Everything→OK练习二 坝体的有限元建模与应力应变分析计算分析模型如图2-1 所示, 习题文件名: dam 。

图2－1 坝体的计算分析模型2.1 进入ANSYS程序 →ANSYSED →Interactive →change the working directory into yours →input Initial jobname: dam →Run 2.2设置计算类型ANSYS Main Menu : Preferences →select Structural → OK 2.3选择单元类型ANSYS Main Menu : Preprocessor →Element Type →Add/Edit/Delete →Add →select Solid Quad 4node 42 →OK (back to Element Types window) → Options… →select K3: Plane Strain →OK →Close (the Element Type window)2.4定义材料参数ANSYS Main Menu : Preprocessor →Material Props →Material Models →Structural →Linear →Elastic →Isotropic →input EX:2.1e11, PRXY:0.3 → OK 2.5生成几何模型 ✓ 生成特征点ANSYS Main Menu: Preprocessor →Modeling →Create →Keypoints →In Active CS →依次输入四个点的坐标：input:1(0,0),2(10,0),3(1,5),4(0.45,5) →OK✓ 生成坝体截面ANSYS Main Menu: Preprocessor →Modeling →Create →Areas →Arbitrary →Through KPS→依次连接四个特征点，1(0,0),2(10,0),3(1,5),4(0.45,5) →OK2.6网格划分ANSYS Main Menu: Preprocessor →Meshing →Mesh Tool→(Size Controls) lines:Set →依次拾取两条横边:OK→input NDIV: 15 →Apply→依次拾取两条纵边:OK →input NDIV: 20 →OK →(back to the mesh tool window)Mesh: Areas, Shape: Quad, Mapped →Mesh →Pick All (in Picking Menu) →Close( the Mesh Tool window)2.7模型施加约束✓分别给下底边和竖直的纵边施加x和y方向的约束ANSYS Main Menu: Solution→Define Loads →Apply→Structural →Displacement →On lines→pick the lines →OK→select Lab2:UX, UY →OK✓给斜边施加x方向的分布载荷ANSYS 命令菜单栏: Parameters→Functions →Define/Edit→1) 在下方的下拉列表框内选择x ,作为设置的变量；2) 在Result窗口中出现{X},写入所施加的载荷函数：1000*{X}；3) File>Save(文件扩展名：func) →返回：Parameters→Functions →Read from file：将需要的.func文件打开，任给一个参数名，它表示随之将施加的载荷→OK →ANSYS Main Menu: Solution→Define Loads →Apply→Structural →Pressure →On Lines →拾取斜边；OK →在下拉列表框中，选择：Existing table →OK →选择需要的载荷参数名→OK2.8 分析计算ANSYS Main Menu: Solution →Solve →Current LS→OK(to close the solve Current Load Step window) →OK2.9 结果显示ANSYS Main Menu: General Postproc →Plot Results→Deformed Shape…→select Def + Undeformed→OK (back to Plot Results window)→Contour Plot→Nodal Solu…→select: DOF solution, UX,UY, Def + Undeformed , Stress ,SX,SY,SZ, Def + Undeformed→OK2.10 退出系统ANSYS Utility Menu: File→Exit…→Save Everything→OK练习三超静定梁的有限元建模计算计算分析模型如图3-1 所示, 习题文件名: statically indeterminate beam梁承受均布载荷：1.0e5 Pa图3－1 超静定梁的计算分析模型3.1进入ANSYS程序→ANSYSED →Interactive →change the working directory into yours →input Initial jobname: statically indeterminate beam→Run3.2设置计算类型ANSYS Main Menu: Preferences →select Structural →OK3.3选择单元类型ANSYS Main Menu: Preprocessor →Element Type→Add/Edit/Delete →Add →select Beam tapered 44 →OK(back to Element Types window)→Close (the Element Type window)3.4定义材料参数ANSYS Main Menu: Preprocessor →Material Props →Material Models →Structural→Linear→Elastic→Isotropic→input EX:2.1e11, PRXY:0.3→OK3.5定义截面ANSYS Main Menu: Preprocessor →Sections →Beam →Common Sectns→定义矩形截面:ID=1,B=0.01,H=0.1 →OK3.6生成几何模型✓生成特征点ANSYS Main Menu: Preprocessor →Modeling →Create →Keypoints →In Active CS →依次输入三个点的坐标：input:1(0,0),2(1,0),3(2,0),4(0,0,1) →OK✓生成梁ANSYS Main Menu: Preprocessor →Modeling →Create →Lines →lines →Straight lines →依次连接三个特征点，1(0,0), 2(1,0),3(2,0) →OK✓显示梁体ANSYS命令菜单栏：PlotCtrls >Style >Size and Style→/ESHAPE →On →OK3.7网格划分ANSYS Main Menu: Preprocessor →Meshing→Mesh Attributes→Picked lines →OK →拾取: SECT:1；Pick Orientation Keypoint(s):YES→拾取：4#特征点(0,0,1) →OK→Mesh Tool →(Size Controls) lines:Set →Pick All(in Picking Menu) →input NDIV:8→OK (back to Mesh Tool window) →Mesh →Pick All(in Picking Menu) →Close (the Mesh Tool window)3.8模型施加约束✓分别给1,2,3三个特征点加约束ANSYS Main Menu: Solution→Define Loads →Apply→Structural →Displacement →On Keypoints→拾取1,2,3 keypoints →OK→select All DOF →OK✓施加y方向的载荷ANSYS Main Menu: Solution→Define Loads →Apply→Structural →Pressure→On Beams→Pick All→LKEY:2,V ALI:100000 →OK3.9 分析计算ANSYS Main Menu: Solution →Solve →Current LS→OK(to close the solve Current Load Step window) →OK3.10 结果显示ANSYS Main Menu: General Postproc →Plot Results→Deformed Shape…→select Def + Undeformed→OK (back to Plot Results window) →Contour Plot→Nodal Solu →select: DOF solution, UY, Def + Undeformed , Rotation, ROTZ ,Def + Undeformed→OK3.11 退出系统ANSYS Utility Menu: File→Exit →Save Everything→OK练习四Ansys二维实体分析实例依照如下求解指导，进行一个角袈的静力分析。