人体工程学PPT(中文)
Bench height工作台高度 Control locations控制位置 Part stacking部件堆积 Seat height座位高度 Product dimensions产品尺寸
Measurements
Step 2 - Gather Data
Dimensions (Top view) 尺寸(上视图)
Results in effective and efficient ergonomic improvements得到高效率的人 类工程学改善结果
Performing an Ergonomics Review
How do I do it? 我该怎么做
How do I do it?
Performing an Ergonomics Review
Step 2 - Gather Data收集数据
Obtain job information取得工作信息 Perform task analysis执行工作分析 Videotape the job录影工作 Take still photos拍摄静态照片 Interview the operator与操作员面谈 Gather medical data收集医疗资料 Take workplace measurements测量车间
Worksite Analysis 工作现场分析
Job Hazard Analysis工作危害分析 工作危害分析 Workers工人 Equipment设备 Materials物料 Task/Processes任务/工序 Environment环境
Videotape Job
Step 2 - Gather Data收集数据
Medical Data 医疗资料 Employee Survey 员工调查 BRIEF人体工学要素 的基线风险评估
EASY人体工学 要素评估调查
Using Passive Surveillance 使用被动监测
Worker Reports/Interviews工人报告/面谈 Review OSHA 300 Injury and Illness Logs回 顾OSHA 300 受伤和疾病记录 Review Workers’ Compensation Claims回顾 工人的赔偿索赔 Plant Medical Records工厂医疗记录 Symptom Surveys病症调查
What is an Ergonomics Review? 什么是人类工程学审查?
Assessment of job tasks工作任务的评估 Follows the risk management process遵 照风险管理程序
Recognize识别 Evaluate评估 Control控制
What and Why
Videotape Job
Step 2 - Gather Data
What tools will you need? 需要什么工具? Video camera摄影机 Battery charger充电 器 Charged batteries充 电蓄电池 Blank videotape空白 录像带
Take Pictures
Perform Task Analysis
Step 2 - Gather Data
What is task analysis?什么是工作分析 Dividing a job into its main components, for example: 把工作分为主要部分,如 Pull material on table在桌上拖料 Cut material with knife用刀切料 Transfer cut material to molding machine 将切好的物料传送到铸模机 Activate molding machine 启动铸模机 Return to work bench回到操作台
Interview Operator
Step 2 - Gather Data收集数据
Gather Medical Data
Step 2 - Gather Data
Review OSHA 300 Logs
Step 2 - Gather Data
Symptom Survey
Step 2 - Gather Data
Using Active Surveillance 使用主动监测
Observations of workers performing tasks观察工人的工作表现 Still photos/videotaping of work postures, workstation layouts 静态照片/录影工作姿势,工作站的布置 Workstation measurements工作站的测量 Measuring tool handle sizes, weighing tools and parts, & measuring tool vibration and part dimensions 测量工具的使用尺寸,称量工作和备件,以及测量工具振动和 备件的规格
Using Active Surveillance 使用主动监测
Determining characteristics of work surfaces (i.e., slip resistance, hardness, & surface edges测定工作台的特性(也就是耐滑性,硬度 和曲面边界) Performing task analyses (i.e., time study) 执行工作分析(即工时标定) Measuring exposures to heat, cold, noise, & WBV 测量对高温,寒冷,噪音&WBV的影响 Biomechanical calculations (i.e., muscle force required to accomplish task)生物力学的计算(即对达成任务的肌力要求) Physiological measures (i.e., heart rate, oxygen consumption) 生理测试(即心率,耗氧量) Questionnaires, subjective ratings of perceived exertion 问卷调查,主观的运动强度(感知率) *
Take Pictures
Step 2 - Gather Data
What tools will you need? 需要什么工具?
» Digital camera (with blank disks or a memory stick) 数码相机(带空白光碟或记忆条) » Battery charger充电器 » Charged batteries充电蓄电池
Step 2 - Gather Data
Gather Job Information Gather Job Information
What type of information do you need? 你需要怎么样的工作信息? Job name作业名 Department部门 Shift length班次时间 Production standards生产标准 Production mix生产结构 Rotation schedule轮班安排 Total exposure time 总曝光时间 Task analysis工作分析
What and Why
Performing an Ergonomics Review
There is obvious risk in this job, but by performing an ergonomics review, you’ll be able to clearly identify all the risks (not just the ones in this picture).这个工作有明 显的风险性,但通地过人类工程学 的审查后,你就能够清晰地识别到 所有的风险(不仅仅指这个图片上 的工作) You’ll also be able to give detailed and dimensioned recommendations.你也能够给出 详细和规范的建议
Step 2 - Gather Data
Symptom Survey
Measurements
Step 2 - Gather Data收集数据
Dimensions尺寸
Weights重量
Forces力量
Measurements
Step 2 - Gather Data
Dimensions (side view)尺寸(侧面图)
Reach distances可达距离 Carry distances传送距离 Part locations部件位置 Sight distances能见距离 Lift locations升距位置Measurements
Step 2 - Gather Data
Weights重量 Part / box weights部件 /箱子重量 Tool weights工具重量
Steps 1 - 4
Performing an Ergonomics Review 执行人体工程学的审查
Step 1 – Select a job to review选择一个工作 作为审查 Step 2 – Gather data收集数据 Step 3 – Analyze data分析数据 Step 4 – Complete the job improvement process完成工作改善程序
Step 1 - Select a Job to Review
Examine medical data from the pas 检查过去的医疗资料 Interview operators与操作者面谈 Visually assess the jobs in the plant 在工厂内对工作做视觉化的评估