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石油地质学常用专业英语词汇

Aabbreviate v. 缩写,简写abnormally ad. 异常地abrupt v. 突然的absolute porosity 绝对孔隙度access n. 接近,进入accumulate v. 聚集accumulation n. 聚集acquisition n. 获取,采集acromagnetic a. 航空磁测的acyclic a. 无环的admixture n. 混合,混合物aeolian a. 风成的,风积的aerobic a. 喜氧的affinity n. 亲合力,亲合性aformentioned a. 上述的,上面提到的agency n. 因素,营力,作用agglomeration n. 结块,凝聚aggregated gas 聚集型气agitated a. 搅动过,摇过的agitation n. 搅拌,搅动aircraft n. 飞机,航空器algae 藻类aliphatic a. 脂肪类的alkane 链烷alkane n. 烷烃,链烷alkene n. 烯烃alkylaromatic a. 烷基芳烃的alkylate v. 烷基化allochthonous a. 外来的,异地的alluvial fan 冲积扇alteration n. 蚀变作用ambient a. 周围的ambiguity n. 含糊,模棱两可ambiguous a. 意思含糊的,模棱两可的amino acids 氨基酸ammonite n. 菊石amorphous a. 非晶质的,无一定方向的amphibolite n. 角闪石amplitude n. 幅度,振幅analogous a. 类似的,模拟的angular a. 棱角状的,带角的anhydrite n. 硬石膏anomoly n. 异常,变异anoxic a. 缺氧的anteisoalkane n. 反异构烷烃anthracite n. 无烟煤anticline n. 背斜antiform n. 背斜构造aperture n.孔,孔眼apparent molecular weight 表观分子量aquatic a. 水的,水生的aragonite n.霰石area of trap 圈闭面积arene n. 芳香烃argon n. 氩arid a. 干旱的aromatic asphaltic oils 芳香沥青型原油aromatic hydrocarbon芳香烃aromatic intermediate oils 芳香中间型原油aromatic naphthenic oils 芳香环烷型原油aromatics n. 芳香烃arsenic 砷, 砒霜asphalt n. 沥青,地沥青asphaltene n. 沥青质,沥青烯asphaltenes 沥青质asphaltic a. 沥青的asphaltoid a. 沥青类的assess v. 估价,评估associated gas 伴生气association n. 联合,组合asthenosphere n. 软流圈(层)asymmetry n. 不对称at the expense of 以…为代价atectonic a. 非构造的attenuation n. 变细(薄)attribute (to) v. 把…归因于aulacogn n. 拗拉槽(谷),断陷槽autochthonous a. 原地的axiomatic a. 自明的Bbacteria (pl.) n. 细菌bacterium (sing.) n. 细菌bafflestone n. 生物堆置灰岩,障积岩baling n. 打包,填料barrier n. 堡坝,海岸沙坝,障壁base n. 基础,…基be referred to as 被称为behaviour n. 习性,动态benthic a. 海底的,水底的bentonite n. 膨润土,斑脱岩benzene n. 苯benzothiophene n. 苯硫茂benzphenanthrene n. 苯并菲benzpyrene n. 苯并芘bicarbonates 重碳酸盐(HCO3 —)bidirectional a. 双向(作用)的bifurcation n. 分叉,支流bimodality n. 双峰,双向bindstone n. 粘结灰岩,生物包粘灰岩biochemical degradation 生物化学降解biochemical rock 生物化学岩biodegradation n. 生物降解(作用) biofacies n. 生物相biogenic a. 生物成因的biological markers 生物标志物biomarker n. 生物标志化合物biomass n. 生物体,生物量biomodic a. 生物模的biopolymer n. 生物聚合物biosphere n. 生物圈biostrome n. 生物层bioturbation n. 生物扰动作用bitumen n. 沥青bituminous a. 沥青的blend v. 调合,合成bluntly ad. 直截了当地,坦率地boghead n. 藻煤bond n. 结合,化学键borehole n. 钻孔bottom water 底水bottomset n. 底积层bounce v. 弹回,反跳breccia n. 角砾岩brine n. 卤水,盐水bryozoa n. 苔藓动物门bubble point curve泡点线bubble-point 泡点buckle v. 弯折,挠曲buoyancy n. 浮力buoyant force 浮力burrow n. 洞,窟,潜穴butane 丁烷C4H10Ccalcarenite n. 钙屑灰岩,灰屑岩calcilutite n. 泥屑灰岩,钙质泥岩calcite n. 方解石calcium n. 钙(Ca)Caledonian orogeny 加里东造山运动calorific value 热值cancellation n. 消除,抹去cannel n. 烛煤cap rock/roof rock 盖层capillary n. & a. 毛细作用的capillary pressure毛细管力carbazole n. 氮芴,咔唑carbohydrates 碳水化合物carbonates n. 碳酸盐(类)Carboniferous n. & a. 石炭纪(的),石炭系(的)carboxylic a. 羧基的carcinogen n. 致癌物,诱癌剂catagenesis n. 深成作用阶段catagenesis 深成作用catalyst n. 催化剂cavity n. 洞穴cell n. 水室,池,细胞cement v. & n. 胶结(物)cementation n. 胶结作用charcoal-broiled 木炭烧烤过的chert n. 燧石,角岩chlorides 氯化物chlorophyll n. 叶绿素chromium铬chronostratigraphy n. 年代地层学clastic rock碎屑岩clayey a. 粘土质的cleavage n. 解理,裂开clogging n. & a. 堵塞(的),阻碍(的)coagulation n. 凝结(聚)作用coal bed gas 煤层气cobalt 钴cohesion n. 凝聚力,粘性cohesive a. 粘合的coincide (with) v. 与…符合,与…一致collar n. 围环colloidal a. 胶体的combination traps 复合圈闭come into being 形成,产生compaction n. 致密,压实compaction压实compatible a. 共存的,一致的competence n. 起动能力compile v. 编辑,汇编complexity n. 复杂性,组成compressibility n. 可压缩性,压缩性compressibility factor 压缩因子concave a. 凹的,凹面的concentration浓度concordant a. 与…一致的,整合的concurrently ad. 同时condensate oil n. 凝析油condensed gas 凝析气configuration n. 构型,轮廓conflict n. 冲突,抵触conglomerate n. 砾岩connected pores 连通孔隙consolidated固结conspicuous a. 明显的constriction n. 压缩,收缩constructional a. 堆积的,建设的contact n. 接触(带)contaminant 杂质contorted a. 扭曲的,弯曲的contour n. 等值(高)线contraction n. 收缩contrary to 与…相反contributor n. 捐助者,贡献者convergence n. 会聚,收敛,(地层)交汇converging a. 会聚的,聚敛的copper 铜coral n. 珊瑚cores 岩芯correlate v. 相互关联,对比correlation n. (油源)对比,相互(关系)counteract v. 抵消,阻碍counterpart n. 对应物covalent a. 共价的crack n. 裂隙,裂解craton n. 克拉通,稳定地块crescentic a. 新月形的crest n. 顶部,山脊Cretaceous n. & a. 白垩纪(的),白垩系(的)crevasse n. 裂隙,冰隙criteria (pl.) n. 标准criterion (sing.) n.标准critical a. 临界的,关键的critical point 临界点critical pressure临界压力critical temperature临界温度crude oil 原油crystalline compounds 晶体化合物cucumber n. 黄瓜culmination n. 顶点,褶皱区curvature n. 曲率,曲度customary a. 通常的,习惯的cuttings 岩屑cycloalkane n. 环烷烃cycloalkanes 环烷cycloalkylaromatic a. 环烷基芳烃的cycloheptane n. 环庚烷cyclohexane n. 环己烷cycloparaffin n. 环烷烃cyclopentane n. 环戊烷cyclopentane环戊烷cylinder n. 圆柱体cymene n. 异丙基苯Ddeasphalting脱沥青作用debouch n. 河口,流出debris n. 碎屑,岩屑deceleration n. 减速度decentralized gas 分散型气deep troughs 深海槽defy v. 不让,使不能degradation n. 降解,退化degree of mineralization矿化度dehydration n. 脱水,失水delincation n. 定界,划界delta-front 三角洲前缘demarcation n. 划界,定界dense oil 稠油density n. 密度deplete v. 耗尽,亏损,枯竭depocenter n. 沉积中心derivation n. 起源despositional a. 沉积的destructional a. 侵蚀的,破坏性的deterioration n. 退化,变质,恶化detrital a. 碎屑的deviatoric a. 偏差的Devonian n. & a. 泥盆纪(的),泥盆系(的)dew point curve露点线diagenesis 成岩作用diagenetic a. 成岩(作用)的diagnostic a. 特征的,有鉴定意义的diapiric a. 底辟的diaprism n. 底辟作用diaproportionation n. 不均,歧化作用diastrophic a. 地壳运动的diastrophism n. 地壳作用differential entrapment 差异聚集diffuse v. 扩散,漫射Dijon 第戌(法国城市)dilute v. 稀释,冲淡dip n. 倾斜,倾向,倾角discernible a. 可辨别的,看得清的discharge n. 流量,排泄,释放discrepancy n. 差异,偏差discrete a. 不连续的,离散的,个别的disintegration n. 衰变,蜕变,崩解dislocation n. 错位,位移,断错disperse v. 散布,分布disposal n. 处理,配置disseminate v. 散布,侵染dissipation n. 损耗,散逸distal a. 远端的,末端的distillate n. 馏分,馏分物distillation蒸馏作用distributary n. 分流,支流divergence n. 离散,发散diverse a. 不同的,多种多样的dolomite n. 白云岩,白云石dolomitisation n. 白云岩化downflex v. 向下弯曲,向下挠曲downthrow n. & v. 下降盘,下降断层;下落downwarp n. 下拗,拗陷drape n. 披盖,盖层drill cuttings 岩屑drilling mud钻井泥浆drive v. & n. 驱动,开动,推进ductile a. 延性的,塑性的Eechinoderm n. 棘皮类动物,棘皮动物echinoid a. 海胆形的,海胆属的echo sounder 回声探测仪edge water 边水effective permeability有效渗透率effective porosity有效孔隙度effluent n. 侧流elegant a. 优雅的,精致的elevated a. 上升的eliminate v. 消除,消去,排除elimination n. 消除,消去elliptical a. 椭圆的elongate a. 延伸的,细长的elucidation n. 阐明,解释embed v. 埋入,夹在层间,嵌入embryo n. & a. 胚胎,胚胎的,雏形的enclosure n. 包裹体,包体encompassing a. 包罗万象的encounter v. 遇到encrusting a. 结壳的,包壳的engulf v. 吞没,湮没entrap v. 俘获,捕集enzyme n. 酶Eocene n. & a. 始新世(的),始新统(的)episode n. 幕,期equatorial a. 赤道的equilibrium n. 平衡,均衡erosion v. 侵蚀erratic a. 不规则的ester n. 脂estuary n. 河口,江湾,三角港,潮区ethane n. 乙烷eustatic a. 海面升降(变化)的,全球性的evaluate v. 估计,评价,测定evaluation n. 估计,评价,测定evaporate n. 蒸发盐(岩)类evaporate rock蒸发岩exosolution n. 析出,逸出expansibility n. 膨胀性,延伸性exponential a. 指数的expulsion n. 排出,驱动extrapolate v. 推断,外推Exxon 埃克森(石油公司)Ffabric n. 组构facet n. 刻面,磨蚀面facies n. 相,岩相,期fatty acids 脂肪酸fauna (sing.) n. 动物群faunae (pl.) n. 动物群fecal a. 粪便的fenestra (sing.) n. 窗孔,膜孔fenestral a. 窗格状的,小孔的filtrate n. 渗流,滤液finite a. 有限的flank n. 翼,侧flexural a. 弯曲的flora (sing.) n. 植物群florae (pl.) n. 植物群fluid traps 流体圈闭fluorescence荧光性fluvial a. 河流的foraminifera n. 有孔虫目foredeep n. 前渊,外地槽foreland n. 前陆,山前地带foreset n. 前积层formulate v. 把…化为公式fracture裂缝fragile a. 易碎的,碎的fragmental reservoir rocks 碎屑岩储集岩fragmental rock碎屑岩fragrant a. 芬芳的,香的framestone n. 骨架岩framework n. 结构,格架,骨架friable a. 易碎的,脆性的friction n. 摩擦function groups 官能团fungi (pl.) n. 真菌fungi 菌类fungus (sing.) n. 真菌futile a. 无用的,无效的Ggas chromatography (Ge) 气相色谱法gas hydrates 气水合物gaseous a. 气体的gastropod n. 腹足纲软体动物generation生成geopolymer n. 地质(有机)聚合物geosynclinal zones 地槽带globule n. 小球,球粒gouge n. 断层泥graben n. 地堑gradational a. 渐变的,逐渐过渡的grapestone n. 葡萄石graphite n. 石墨greenschist n. 绿片岩greywacke n. 杂砂岩,硬砂岩,灰瓦克groove n. 沟,槽沟guarantee n. & v. 保证guesswork n. 推测gypsum n. 石膏HHalimeda n. 仙掌藻属halite n. 石盐halite/rock salt 岩盐heave n. 平错height of gas column 气柱高度height of oil column 油柱高度height of traps/closure闭合高度helium n. 氦(He)hemin血红素heteroatomic a. 杂原子的heteroatoms NSO 杂原子heterochronous a. 异时的heterogeneous a. 异质的,非均质的high sulfur crude oil 高硫原油hinge belt 枢纽带,捩转带hinterland n. 后陆,腹地homogenize v. 使…均匀homologous a. 同源的,同系(物)的homologous 同系物homopycnal a. 等密度的horst n. 地垒humic a. 腐植的hummocky a. 丘状起伏的humus n. 腐植质hydraulic a. 水力的,液压的hydrocarbon n. 烃,碳氢化合物hydrostatic a. 静水压力的hypogene a. 深成的,上升的hypopycnal a. 低密度的Ii-alkanes 异构链烷igneous rock火成岩imbrication n. 叠瓦构造impair v. 削弱,减少impart v. 给予,传递impedance n. 阻抗impervious a. 不透水的,不渗透的impervious rock非渗透性岩石impinge (on) v. 冲击,碰撞in bulk 大量in conjunction with 和…一起,连同…一起in response to 响应,随…而,根据in situ 原地,原点,原生incidence n. 发生,入射,倾角incite v. 刺激,鼓励incorporate v. 合并,混合incremental a. 渐进的,递增的index (sing.) n. 指数,索引indices (pl.) n. 指数,索引indole n. 氮茚,吲哚induce v. 导致,引起induration n. 固结,硬化inert a.惰性的,不活泼的inertia n. 惰性,惯性infancy n. 幼年期infauna n. 海底动物infiltration water 渗入水inflection n. 弯曲,曲折influx n. 流入量ingest v. 摄取,吸收inherit v. 继承,遗传initiate v. 开始,发动inorganic origin无机成因intact a. 完整的,未受损的intercrystalline a. 晶间的interdeep n. 山间拗陷interfacial a. 界面的,面间的intergranular a. 粒间的intermediary waters 夹层水intermittent a. 间歇的,间断的intermontane a. 山间的interregional a. 区际的,跨区域的intersect v. 横切,交叉intersection n. 横切,交叉interstice n. 空隙,间隙interstitial a. 空隙的,间隙的,填隙的intimately ad. 密切地,直接地intraparticle a. 粒内的intrusion n. 侵入,侵入体invalidate v. 使无效,使作废inversion n. 倒转,转换invoke v. 援引,引用inwards ad. 向内,向里irreversible a. 单向的,不可逆的isomer n. (同分)异构体isomeric alkanes 异构链烷isopach n. 等厚线isoparaffin n. 异构烷烃isoprenoid n. 异戊间二烯化合物isostatically ad. 均衡地,等压地Jjerk v. & n. 猛拉,冲击jet v. & n. 喷射,急流Jurassic n. & a. 侏罗纪(的),侏罗系(的)juxtapose v. 使…并置juxtaposition n. 并置,毗连Kkerogen n. 干酪根,油母岩kinetics n. 动力学Llacustrine a. 湖泊的,湖成的laden a. 充满了的lagoon n. 泻湖lamina (sing.) n. 薄片,薄层lamination n. 薄层,纹理lath n. 条板layer-cake 连续地层柱lead铅lenses 透镜体levee n. 天然堤lignite n. 褐煤lime n. 石灰,氧化钙lime-secreting 分泌钙质的,钙质充填的limestone灰岩linearly线性体lipid n. 脂类liquefy液化literfingering n. 指状穿插,楔形夹层lithification n. 石化作用lithify v. 石化lithofacies n. 岩相lithologic a. 岩性的lithology n. 岩性lithosphere岩石圈lithostratigraphic a. 岩性地层的lobe n. 舌,瓣logarithmically对数地longitudinal a. 经度的,纵向的low sulfur crude oil 低硫原油lump v. 集中,使…归并lunate a. 新月形的Mmagmatism岩浆作用magnesium n. 镁(Mg)magnesium镁maintenance n. 维持,保养manganese锰marine petroleum海相石油marl n. 泥灰岩mass spectrography (MS) 质谱法maturation n. 成熟作用meandering n. 曲流,弯曲mechanics n. 力学,机制,机理megaripple n. 巨波纹Mesozoic n. & a. 中生代(的),中生界(的)metagenesis 深成作用metagenetic a. 准变质作用的metamorphic rock变质岩metamorphism变质作用metastable a. 亚稳的metaxylene n. 间二甲苯meteoric a. 大气的,气象的methane n. 甲烷,沼气methane hydrate甲烷水合物methane甲烷methylisomer n. 甲基同分异构体microbial a. 微生物的microbial activity微生物活动microorganisms 显微有机质migrate v. 运移migration n. 运移migration运移millidarcy n. 毫达西,千分达西minimal a. 最小的,最低的miogeosyncline n. 冒地槽,冒地向斜Mio-Pliocene 中—上新世(统)miscellaneous 混杂misstate v. 谎报,伪称mobility n. 活动性,迁移率modeling n. 模拟,模式化moderate a. 中等的,适度的modification n. 改进,修正Moho n. 莫霍面molasses n. 磨拉石moldic a. 印模的,铸模的mollusk n. 软体动物molybdenum钼monocline n. 单斜morphology n. 结构,形态(学)mucus n. 粘液mudstone泥岩multichannel a. 多道的,多路的multitude n. 大量,众多mutually ad. 相互地Nn-alkanes 正构烷烃naphthalene萘naphthene n. 环烷烃naphthene环烷naphthenic oils 环烷型原油naphthenoaromatic nuclei 环烷芳香核natural gas 天然气negate v. 使…无效,取消negative ion负离子neglect v. 忽略,遗漏negligible a. 可忽略的,很小的next to 仅次于niche n. 小生境nickel porghyrin镍卟啉nickel 镍Nitrogen n. 氮(N)nitrogen compounds 含氮化合物nitrogen氮non-associated gas 非伴生气noncommercial a. 非商业的nonetheless ad. & conj. 尽管,还是;然而;依然non-hydrocarbon gases 非烃气nonmarine a. 非海洋的,非海成的nonskeletal a. 非骨骼的normal alkanes 正构链烷nourishment n. 营养,食物NSO compounds 氮硫氧化合物nucleus n. 核,地核nutrient n. 滋养剂,营养Ooblique a. 倾斜的,斜交的obliquely ad. 倾斜地,斜交地obliterate v. 消除obscure a. & v. 模糊的;搞混,使…不分明oceanology n. 海洋学odor n. 气味oil-field water 油田水oil-water contacts 油水接触olefin n. 烯烃Oligo-Miocene 渐—中新世(统)onlap n. 超覆,上超onset n. 开始,起始oolite n. 鲕粒岩,鲕石oomoldic a. 鲕穴状的optimistic a. 乐观的Ordovician n.& a. 泥盆纪(的),泥盆系(的)organic acid有机酸organic matter 有机质organic origin有机成因organometallic compounds 有机金属化合物originate v. 发源,起源orthodox a. 传统的,惯例的orthoquartzite n. 沉积石英岩(正石英岩)oscillate v. 摆动,振荡outcrop n. 露头outlet n. 出口,排水口outwards ad. 向外oval a. 椭圆的,卵形的overestimate v. 过高评价over-flowing points 溢流点overgrowth n. 增长,过度生长overlap n. 超覆,重叠overthrust n. 逆掩断层overview n. 总的看法ovoid a. 卵形的,蛋形的oxygen compounds 含氧化合物Ppacket n. 套(地层)Paleocene n.& a. 古新世(的),古新统(的)Paleozoic n.&a. 古生代(的),古生界(的)palynological a. 孢粉学的panoramic a. 全景的paraffin n. 石蜡烃,烷烃paraffinic oils 石蜡型原油paraffinic–naphthenic oils 石蜡环烷型原油paraffin石蜡烃parameter n. 参数,参量paranaphthalene蒽parlance n. 用语,说法parrotfish n. 鹦咀鱼partial saturation部分饱和particulate n. 颗粒,微粒parting n. 分离,裂理,裂开patch n. 斑,块pay sand 油砂pelecypod n. 瓣鳃纲软体动物pelletoud n. 似球粒,似团粒pelmodic a. 泥质团粒印模的peloid n. 球粒状,似球粒penecontemporaneous a. 准同期的,准同生的Penicillas n. 笔藻属,画笔藻属permeability渗透性(率)permeable a. 可渗透的permeat n. 渗透,穿过perpendicular a. 垂直的,正交的petroleum alteration石油蚀变petroleum geology石油地质学petroleum pools 油藏petroleum refiners 石油炼制者petroleum reservoirs 油藏petroliferous a. 含石油的petrology n. 岩石学phenol n. 酚phenols 苯酚photosynthesis n. 光合作用photosynthetic pigment 光合色素phytoplankton n. 浮游植物pinpoint v. 精确定位plan n. 平面图planar a. 平面的planktonic a. 浮游生物的plausible a. 似乎合理的playa n. 干盐湖plutonic water 火成岩水point-bar 点沙坝,曲流沙坝pollen n. 花粉polycondensation缩聚作用polycyclic a. 多环的,多旋回的polysaccharides 多醣pool n. 水池,储油层,油藏porosity孔隙度porous a. 多孔的porphyrin卟啉positive ion阳离子postulate v. 要求,假设potassium n. 钾(K)potassium钾(K)Precambrian n.& a. 前寒武纪(的),前寒武系(的)preclude v. 消除,妨碍precursor n. 先驱,先质体preferentially ad. 优先地preliminary a. 初步的,预先的preponderance n. 优势,优越preservable a. 可保存的preservation n. 保存,储存preserve v. 保存,储存primary migration初次运移primitive a. 原始的,早期的prior (to) ad.&a. 在…之前,居先的procedural a. 程序性的processing n. 处理prodelta n. 前三角州profiling n. 剖面勘探,剖面法progradation n. 前积,进积渐进作用prolific a. 多产的,丰富的prolong v. 延长,拖长promising a. 有希望的,有开采价值的prone a. 有…的倾向,易于…的propane n. 丙烷prophyrin n. 甾族化合物,卟啉proportional to 与…成(正)比例。

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