( ( ), , pp.31-411988)19641969 1972 1968" "Daniel Vining 1983, Itami 1986 Zube1984 Zube 1982Daniel Vining 1983LewisLewis 1964 LittonLittonLitton 1968, 1974, 1979; Litton Tetlow 1978, Magill Litton198620VMS Visual Management System (USDA, ForestServce 1976, Bacon 1979 ) VRM(Visual Resources Management) (USDI, BLM 1984, 1986, Ross 1979) LRM (Landscape ResourcesManagement) (USDA, SCS 1978, Schauman Adams 1979)VIA (Visual Impact Assessment) (3 1986)Canada 1981)VMS VRMLRM VIAVMS VRMVMStypes (Sub-types) VRMVMSABCVMS Keplan, R (1985)VRM 71 1 52 1 53 0 54 1 55 0 56 1 5A 19B 12 18C 11(Sensitivity) VMS1 2 3VRM VMS (Seldom Seen zone)VMS VRM(Visual Impact Assessment) VMS " "(Visual Absorption Capability)VRM (Contrast)VIEWIT , Travis 1975,1986SBE (Scenic Beauty Estimationprocedure) Daniel ( Daniel Boster 1976),Torgerson(1958) (Law of Categorical Judgment)(0-9)Thurston(1959) BuhyoffLCJ (Law of Comparative Judgment) ( BuhyoffLeuschner 1978, Buhyoff 1980)SBELCJ Hull 1984601969 Rutherford Shafer 5 16070Shroeder Daniel(1981)7(Pinus Ponderosa) SBE=0.20× / 0.60× >16/ 0.10×( / ) 0.26×/ 0.04× / 0.001×( <5/ ) 0.02×( 5 16 / ) 3.87R2 0.52 P<0.001)( Brush1976, 1979) Arthur (1977) 7 20 11 (R=0.93)Buhyoff (Buhyoff 1984), DanielBuhyoff (Buhyoff 1982)SBE=127.12+10.32SHRP-0.57SHRP2+1.79BVF-6.77MDAM-61.07FORDEN+ 0.93FLTSHRP BVF MDAM FORDEN FLT R2=0.57 Buhyoff (Butyoff Leuscher 1978, Butyoff 1980 )y =1.03-0.28ln (R2=0.84, P≤0.001)(Zube 1982)1979; Langenau 1980) Schroeder Anderson(1984) 29Latimer (1981) Malm (1981)Anderson(1981) " " " " " " " " " "12318E. Burke(1729-1787) " " " " " " " " " "70 70 Appleton " " 1978, Kaplan S.1979a Brown 1986) " "" " " " " " Kaplan, S. (Kaplan, S. 1973, 1975, 1979, 1979a Brown 1986) " "(Making sense) " "(Involvement), Kaplan :Kaplan 1972 Kaplan, R. (Kaplan.R1977, 1983, 1985) Kaplan, R. ?quot; " (Kaplan, R.1975,1977) Cimblett Kaplan " "5 (Cimblett 1985) Kaplan Brown Itami Brown 1986)Kaplan Appleton Kaplan UlrichUlrich " / " (Ulrich 1983), (Initial affect reaction) " " " "Ulrich " / "Appleton, Kaplan, Ulrich ( Brown 1986) Ulrich ( Ulrich.1981, 1983, 1986) Ulrich ( Ulrich 1979, 1984, Ulruch Addoms 1981)Lowenthal (Lowenthal 1975) (Lowenthal 1977)Daniel Vining(1983)70 70 80 4" " " "" " ( Kaplan, R. 1985) ( Kaplan,S.1979, 1979a Kaplan, R. 1985; Ulrich,1986)(Zube 1975, Daniel Boster 1976, Artmr1977, Buhyoff 1979, 1982, Tips Savasdisara1986), ( Daniel Boster1976, Zube 1975 Jackson 1978, Shuttleworth 1980) ( Buhyoff 1980, Daniel Schroeder1979, Brown Daniel 1984)( Ulrich 1977)" "( 1 " " 1).1982 1982a 1982 1985 1985 1985 1985 1985 1985 198519821982a ,19851985 4 31 3319851985198219851986 1985 5 26 2919851978 1987 21986 1986 3 38 40Anderson, L.M., 1981. Land use designation affect perception of scenic beauty in forest landscapes. 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