基数词序数词的讲解
1. 基数词
表示数目的词称为基数词。
其形式如下:
A.从1——10
one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten.
B.从11——19
eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen.
这里除eleven,twelve,thirteen,fifteen,eighteen为特殊形式外,fourteen,sixteen,seventeen,nineteen
都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成。
C.从21——99
整数几十中除twenty,thirty, forty,fifty,eighty为特殊形式外,sixty,seventy,ninety都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成。
表示几十几时,在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符“-”
21 twenty-one
76 seventy-six
D.百位数
个数基数词形式加“hundred”,表示几百,在几十几与百位间加上and.101 a hundred and one
320 three hundred and twenty
648 six hundred and forty-eight
E.千位数以上
从数字的右端向左端数起,每三位数加一个逗号“,”。
从右开始,第一个“,”前的数字后添加thousand,第二个“,”
前面的数字后添加million,第三个“,”前的数字后添加billion。
2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight
16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand and sixty-four 5,237,166,234 five billion two hundred and thirty-seven million one hundred and sixty-six thousand two hundred and thirty-four
F.基数词在表示确切的数字时,不能使用百、千、百万、十亿的复数形式;但是,当基数词表示不确切数字,如成百、成千上万,三三两两时,基数词则以复数形式出现。
There are hundreds of people in the hall.
Thousands of people come to visit the Museum of Qin Terra-Cotta Warriors and Horses every day.
每天有成千上万的人来参观秦兵马涌博物馆。
H.基数词的句法功能
基数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语。
The two happily opened the box.(作主语)
I need three altogether.(作宾语)
Four students are playing volleyball outside.(作定语)
We are sixteen.(作表语)
They three tried to finish the task before sunset.(作同位语)
2. 序数词
表示顺序的词称为序数词。
序数词的主要形式:
从第一至第十九
其中,one— first,two— second,three— third,five— fifth,eight—eighth,nine—ninth,twelve— twelfth为特殊形式,其它的序数词都是由其相对应的基数词后面添加“th”构成。
例如:six— sixth、nineteen— nineteenth.
从第二十至第九十九
整数第几十的由其对应的基数词改变结尾字母y为i,再加“eth”构成。
twenty—twentieth thirty—thirtieth
表示第几十几时,用几十的基数词形式加上连字符“-”和个位序数词形式一起表示。
thirty-first 第三十一
fifty-sixth 第五十六
seventy-third 第七十三
ninety-ninth 第九十九
C.第一百以上的多位序数词
由基数词的形式变结尾部分为序数词形式来表示。
one hundred and twenty-first 第一百二十一
one thousand,three hundred and twentieth 第一千三百二十
D.序数词的缩写形式
有时,序数词可以用缩写形式来表示。
主要缩写形式有。
first——lst second——2nd third——3rd
fourth——4th sixth——6th twentieth——20th
twenty-third——23rd
其中lst,2nd,3rd为特殊形式,其它的都是阿拉伯数字后加上th。
E.序数词的句法功能
序数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和表语。
The second is what I really need.(作主语)
He choose the second.(作宾语)
We are to carry out the first plan.(作定语)
She is the second in our class.(作表语)
注:序数词在使用时,通常前面要加冠词the;
另外,基数词也可以表示顺序。
只需将基数词放在它所修饰的名词之后即可,不需要添加冠词。
the first lesson——Lesson One
the fifth page——Page 5(five)
the twenty-first room——Room 21(twenty-one)
基数词序数词的练习
( )1. Please turn to ______.
A. Page 11
B. the 11st page
C. page 11
D. page the 11 th ( )2. There are some _____ in our classroom.
A. hundred of books
B. the hundreds of books
C. hundreds of books
D. hundred of book
( )3. I have been to the village ________.
A. a hundred times
B. hundred times
C. hundreds of times
D. hundred of times
( )4. There are ____ students in our school.
A. four—hundred and forty—five
B. four hundred and forty—five
C. four hundreds and forty—five
D. four hundred and forty five ( )5. May is ____ of a year.
A. the fifth months
B. the fifth month
C. the five months
D. the five month
( )6. We live in ______.
A. the twenty-first century
B. the century twenty-one
C. century twenty-one
D. the century twenty-first ( )7. ---How many English books are there on the table?
---There is only _____English book on it.
A. a
B. an
C. one
D. the
( )8. Mr Smith stayed in _____ last night.
A. Room 403
B. the Room 403
C. the 403 room
D. 403 the room ( )9. Is Sunday the ____ day of the week?
A. a
B. one
C. once
D. first
( )10. March the _____ is Women’s Day.
A. eighth
B. ninth
C. tenth
D. eight
( )11. September is the _____month of the year.
A. nineth
B. ninth
C. nine
D. the twelveth
( )12. December the ____ is Christmas.
A. twenty-five
B. twenty-fifth
C. twentieth-five
D. twenty-five
用past或to的句型
1.What time is it ? (8:30)
It’s ___________________________.
2.What time is it ? (9:15)
It’s ___________________________.
3.What time is it ? (7;45)
It’s ___________________________.。