高中英语不规则动词表王艳英一、规则动词的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成,具体变化有:1. 直接在词尾加-ed。
如: want—wanted, work—worked, need—needed, clean—cleaned2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。
如:like—liked, live—lived, use—used, move—moved3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,先双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-ed。
如:stop—stopped, trip—tripped4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed。
如:study—studied, carry—carried, hurry—hurried, marry—married二、不规则动词变化,大体上归纳有以下六条记忆法:1. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。
如:put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat2. 以d结尾的词,把d变成t。
如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent3. 以n结尾的词,在词后加t。
如:mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt4. 以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew。
如:blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew5. 含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。
如:keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt6. 含有元音字母o / i的词,将o / i变成a。
如:sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank三、不规则动词表动词原形中文意思过去式过去分词arise 出现arose arisenawake 醒来awoke awaked / awoken baby-sit 临时照顾baby-sat baby-satbe(am / is / are) 是was / were beenbeat 击打beat beatenbecome 变成became becomebegin 开始began begunbend 使弯曲bent bentbet 赌bet betbite 咬bit bitten / bitblow 吹blew blownbreak 打破broke brokenbring 拿来brought broughtbuild 建造built builtburn 燃烧burnt / burned burnt / burned buy 买bought boughtcan 能could ×cast 抛cast castcatch 捕捉caught caughtchoose 选择chose chosencome 来came comecost 花费cost costcut 割cut cutdeal 分配dealt dealtdig 挖dug dugdo / does 做did donedraw 画,拉,拖drew drawndream 做梦dreamed / dreamt dreamed / dreamt drink 喝drank drunkdrive 驾驶drove driveneat 吃ate eatenfall 掉落fell fallenfeed 喂fed fedfeel 触摸felt feltfight 作战fought foughtfind 找出found foundfly 飞flew flownforbid 禁止forbade / forbad forbidden forget 忘记forgot forgot / forgotten forgive 原谅forgave forgivenfreeze 结冰froze frozenget 得到got gotgive 给gave givengo 去went gonegrow 成长grew grownhang 挂/ 绞死hung / hanged hung / hanged have / has 有had hadhear 听到heard heardhide 隐藏hid hidden / hidhit 打hit hithold 拿住held heldhurt 受伤hurt hurtkeep 保持kept keptknow 知道knew knownlay 放置laid laidlead 引导led ledlearn 学习learnt / learned learnt / learned leave 离开left leftlend 借贷lent lentlet 让let letlie 躺lay lainlight 点着lit / lighted lit / lightedlose 遗失lost lostmake 制作made mademay 可以might ×mean 表…意思meant meantmeet 遇到met metmistake 误认mistook mistaken misunderstand 误会misunderstood misunderstood pay 支付paid paidprove 证明proved proved / proven put 放置put putquit 放弃quit / quitte quit / quitted read 读read readrebuild 改建rebuilt rebuiltretell 复述retold retoldrid 免除rid / ridded rid / ridded ride 骑rode riddenrise 上升rose risenrun 跑ran runsaw 锯sawed sawed / sawn say 说said saidsee 看saw seenseek 寻觅sought soughtsell 卖sold soldsend 送/ 寄sent sentset 安置set setsew 缝合sewed sewn / sewed shake 摇shook shakenshall 将should ×shine 发光shone shone擦亮shined shinedshoot 放(炮)shot shotshow 显露showed showed / shown sing 唱歌sang sungsink 下沉sank / sunk sunk / sunkensit 坐sat satsleep 睡slept sleptsmell 发出气味smelt smeltsow 种植sowed sown / sowed speak 说spoke spokenspell 拼写spelt / spelled spelt / spelled spend 花费spent spentspit 吐出spat / spit spat / spitspring 跳跃sprang / sprung sprungstand 站立stood stoodsteal 偷stole stolensweep 打扫swept sweptswim 游泳swam swumtake 拿took takenteach 教taught taughttear 撕裂tore torntell 告诉told toldthink 思考thought thoughtthrow 投/ 扔threw thrownunderstand 了解understood understoodwake 醒着woke / waked waked / woken wear 穿着wore wornwet 淋湿wet / wetted wet / wetted will 将would ×win 获胜won wonwrite 书写wrote written附录1、现在分词变化规则:1 .一般情况下直接加ingthink---thinking sleep---sleeping study---studyingspeak---speaking say---saying2 .以不发音的字母e结尾的单词,去掉字母e,再加ingwake---waking make---making come---comingtake---taking leave---leaving have---havingdance----dancing ride----riding write---writing3.以重读闭音节结尾,呈现“辅,元,辅”结构的动词,先双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ingstop---stopping sit---sitting run---runningforget---forgetting begin---beginning4. 以ie结尾的动词,把ie改为y ,再加inglie---lying5.以重读闭音节结尾,呈现“辅,元,辅”结构的动词,先双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing 。
begin,cut, get, hit, run, sit, stop, set, swim, fit, dig, forget等。
附录2、第三人称单数变化规则1、直接在动词后+s例如:like- likes play-plays2、以s, x, sh, ch, 接尾的动词:+es例如:wash-washes3、以辅音+o接尾的动词:+es例如:go-goes4、以辅音+y接尾的动词:变y为i+es例如:fly-flies附录3、名词单复数变化规则+口诀一、可数名词都有单数和复数之分。
A: 规则的可数名词的复数变化规则:1.一般情况加s :book-- books mouth---mouths house---houses girl---girls2.以s 、sh 、ch 、x结尾的加es :class--- classes box----boxes match----matches3.辅音字母+ y结尾的变y为i加es:city---cities country----countries party----parties factory----factories4.以o 结尾的词+es的只有以下词:heroes Negroes tomatoes potatoes zeroes/zeros以o 结尾并且词尾有两个元音字母+s radios, zoos, bamboos ,(pianos ,kilos photos)5.以f,fe 结尾的变f或fe为v +es :thief wife life knife wolf half leaf shelfThe thief’s wife killed three wolves with some leaves and knives in half of her life. B: 名词词尾的读音规则:A.在[ p] [t] [k] [f]等清辅音后读[s] cups,hats,cakes,roofsB. 在[s] [z] [∫] [t∫]等音后读[iz] glasses, faces, roses.C.在其他情况下读作[z] beds days cities knives.D.以th结尾的词原来读[ ] 加词尾后多数读[ ]如:mouth—mouths path—paths ;但是也有不变化的,如:month—months, ninth—ninths, youth—youths.C: 不规则的可数名词的变化规则:小老鼠爬灯台,偷油吃下不来。