电动汽车用动力蓄电池节能与新能源汽车重大项目总体专家组肖成伟2009年4月28日报告内容①总体概况②国外研发现状③国内研发现状④成本情况⑤关注问题及标准建设⑥市场预测⑦伙伴情况各种电池技术的对比图1000IC E i 246IC Engine 燃料电池Li-ion 内燃机EV 目标锂离子PHEV-40 目标246100W h /k g )Lead-AcidNi-MH铅酸HEV 目标镍氢4610比能量(Capacitors 程超级电容器EV –纯电动汽车HEV –混合电动汽车PHEV –插电式混合电动汽车12100101102103104比功率(W/kg)加速里电动汽车对动力蓄电池要求PC手机HEV PHEV EV适关键性能要求高能量高能量高功率中的功率及能量高能量寿命要求1‐3年1‐3年8年以上8年以上8年以上电压8‐12V4V＞100V＞200V＞250V生产控制要求电子产品电子产品汽车零部件产品汽车零部件产品汽车零部件产品安全性要求高高最高最高最高成本要求高高更高更高更高镍氢、锂离子、化学体系钴酸锂为主钴酸锂为主超级电容器锂离子锂离子电池形状1865方型TBD TBD TBD动力蓄电池具体参数比较电解重量比能量(Wh/k)体积比能量比功率(W/k)循环寿命(ti)热管理电子电池种类液(Wh/kg)(Wh/l)(W/kg)(time)要求控制铅酸HE酸性40120200500适中低HP3080>450>3k镍氢HE碱性70‐801502002000高低HP40‐5070‐80400‐1300300k锂离子HE有机120210370>750适中严格HP70‐90851200‐2000300k超级电容器HP有机>5‐‐>3000750k低严格报告内容①总体概况②国外研发现状③国内研发现状④成本情况⑤关注问题及标准建设⑥市场预测⑦伙伴情况Cool Earth-Innovative Energy Technology Program(创新能源技术计划，日本经产省）Pl I H b id V hi l (PHEV)d El t i V hi l (EV)PHEV和EV路线图Plug-In Hybrid Vehicles (PHEV) and Electric Vehicles (EV)Battery capacity1 time 3 times 1.5 times 7 times200020102020203020402050.current level) 1 time 3 times 1.5 times 7 times Battery cost1/21/10●Electric vehicle (EV)T raveling distance on a full charge200 km 500 km 1 time 1/71/40130 km (vs .current level)Battery cost 1/21/10Electric vehicles (EV)Traveling distance 200 km500 km1 time1/71/40130 km-Improvement of battery performance Leap in cruising distance -Development of post L i ion batteries ●Plug-in hybrid vehicle (PHEV)-Improvement of battery performanceLeap in driving distance Drastic cost reduction-Development of post -Li ion batteries●Plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEV)-Improvement of Li ion battery performance S ti d l t d t h l iV ehicle weight reduction -Hybrid vehicle ◆High-performance power storage (Li ion battery, high-performance capacitor, Post Li ion battery)◆Power electronics ◆Intelligent transport system -A lternative material of rare metal -Vehicle weight reduction -Hybrid vehicle◆High--performance power storage-◆Power electronics Intelligent transport systemAlternative material of rare metalsSupporting and related technologies Li-ion battery, high performance capacitors and post Li-ion batteryPublic service vehicles,-use Full -spec EVIntroduction/diffusion scenario Commuters EV for limited -useCommuter EV Full-spec EV Introduction/diffusion scenario-i n hybrid vehiclePlug -in hybrid vehicles Establishment of charging infrastructures’00’05’00’05’10日本车用动力蓄电池研发历程’90’950005000510Fuel cell AppreciatingZero emission vehicle Fuel cell vehicles pp g oil prices requirement in CaliforniaTargeting EVTargeting FCVTargeting FCV, PHEV, EVAdvanced Battery Electric Energy Storage System FY1992-2001Development of Li Battery FY2002-2006Development of a High-performance FY2007-2011Energy Storage System DevelopmentTechnology for Use by FCVBattery System for Next-generation Vehicles◆Lithium battery ◆3kWh pack100Wh/kg 2000W/kg 10+year lifespan 8◆100Wh/kg, 2,000W/kg, 10+ year lifespan, ￥40,000/kWh by 2015 ◆500km/charge in 2030Total budget: ￥11.0 billion日本下一代汽车用先进电池系统研发目标(1)-②Element Technology （Battery Constituent Materials, after 20153000Li Li--ion Battery(1)El t T h l B tt M d l b 2015a e a s,a e 05）・Energy Density ≧200 Wh/kg ・Power Density ≧2500 W/kg2500(1)-①Element Technology （Battery Modules, by 2015）・Energy Density ≧100 Wh/kg ・Power Density ≧2000 W/kgW /k g2000(2) Next Generation Technology, by Current Levele n s i t y 15002030・Energy Density ≧500 Wh/kgCurrent Level ・Energy Density ≧70 Wh/kg ・Power Density ≧1800 W/kgP o w e r d Beyond Year 2030・Energy Density ≧700 Wh/kg ・Power Density ≧1000 W/kg1000Energy density Wh/kg (for 3kWh module)0200400600800500日本NEDO动力锂离子电池的研究日本NEDO动力锂离子电池的研究Mitsubishi Heavy industries, Ltd.Capacity (Ah) Ave. Voltage (V) Specific Energy (Wh/kg) Specific Power (W/kg) Life (cycle) Dimension (Cell)ENAX, Inc ENAX Inc. 20 3.8 133 2500 >500 325mm (W) 325 X7.5mm (D) X133mm (H)Hitachi, Ltd Hitachi Ltd. 8 3.8 90 ->200 40mm ( ) 40 (φ) X108mm (H)96 3.7 125 900 Now Testing 116mm (W) 116 X66.5mm (D) X175mm (H)Picture (Cell)11德国政府对于锂离子动力电池研发的支持锂离子电池创新联盟： 2009‐2015，政府投入6千万欧元，企业 投入3.6亿欧元 投入3 6亿欧元德国锂离子动力电池的研究VARTA - JCSVL45E VL41M VL22M 45 41 22 容量（Ah） 3.6 3.6 3.6 额定电压（V） 54 54 54 直径（mm） 222 222 145 高度（mm） 1.07 1 07 1.07 1 07 0.65 0 65 重量（Kg） 136 120 能量密度（Wh/Kg） 151 794 1076 功率密度（W/Kg） 663 30s@50%SOC 测试方法 EV 应用方向VL30P 30 3.6 54 222 1.1 11 97 1381 PHEVVL6P 7 3.6 38 145 0.36 0 36 69 2027 HEV10s@50%SOC 10s@50%SOC美国DOE锂离子动力电池研发路线图HEV PHEV EV研究目标能量密度: 100 Wh/kg (截至 2010) 150 Wh/kg (截至 2015)Phase 1: Materials Development Phase 2: Cell Development Phase 3: Battery Development成本目标HEV: PHEV:Phase 4: Cost Reduction$20/kW (截至 2010) $250/kWh (截至2015)Commercialization1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9Long-term, exploratory g p y Intermediate term Near market-ready 10 Commercialized1. 锂金属聚合物 2. 锂 / 硫 体系 3. 锂合金/高电压过渡金属氧化 物体系 4. 钛酸锂/尖晶石锰酸锂 - Enerdel5. 石墨/尖晶石锰酸锂 - CPI/LG Chem 6. 石墨/磷酸铁锂 - A123Systems 7. 石墨/镍酸锂 - Johnson Controls - Saft8. 超级电容器 - Nesscap, Maxwell 9. 低成本隔膜 - Celgard, UMT, AMS 10. 镍氢电池 - Cobasys Saft, Varta Cobasys, Saft美国政府对电动汽车及动力蓄电池的支持(American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009) $2 billions for grants to manufacturers of advanced battery systems and vehicle batteries that are produced in the United States, including advanced lithium ion batteries, hybrid electrical systems, component manufacturers, and software designers;（20亿美金用于 美国境内的先进蓄电池系统以及车用动力蓄电池研发，包 括锂离子电池、混合动力系统以及部件生产商和软件研发） $300,000,000 to purchase high fuel economy motor vehicles including: hybrid vehicles; neighborhood electric vehicles; electric vehicles; and commercially available, plug-in hybrid vehicles.（3亿美金用于购买高燃油经济性汽 车，包括HEV，NEV，EV和PHEV。