英语语法数词专题Company Document number：WUUT-WUUY-WBBGB-BWYTT-1982GT数词用法专题1.百位数和十位数之间，在英式英语中要用“and”连接，在美式英语中一般不用。

例：456：four hundred (and) fifty-six2.3.有关“零”的各种说法：zero：一般说法，在温度或数学上使用；nil/nothing：在运动比赛中使用；love：在网球比赛中专用；O（读音）：电话或数学用语；cipher：书面语，指符号而不指数目（有时指温度）。

例：零下 10 度：ten degrees below zeroThe result of the match was 5:0.（读作 five (goals to) nil）They won 3:0.（读作 three (to) nothing）Our team leads by 10:0 in the first tennis game.（读作 ten love）Dial 110.If you have no children, enter a cipher in the space on the form.The thermometer fell below cipher yesterday.4.在某些表示概数的习语中（如“成百上千”、“成千上万”等），基数词后要加“-s”。

例：thousands of studentsmillions of childrentens of thousands of people5.hundred of，thousand of，million of 等被 a few，some，several，many 等修饰，表示不确定数字时，用单复数形式均可。

例：a few thousand(s) of bookssome thousand(s) of soldiers（单用：some thousands）several hundred(s) of workers（单用：several hundred）many million(s) of birds（单用：many millions）6.表示“多少人组成一组，几个一起”时，基数词要用复数形式。

例：The students lined in fives.She counts them in eights.The guests came in twos.（相当于 two by two/two and two）7.“第一名”、“第二名”可用 first，second 表示，并且可用复数形式。

例：几个第 1 名：several firsts3 个第 2 名：three seconds8.在“several/many/基数词 + dozen + 名词”结构中，dozen 使用单数形式。

（当名词前有修饰性成分时，dozen 和名词之间要用 of（不可省略），即“several/many/基数词 + dozen + of + 修饰词 + 名词”，另外，score 的用法和 dozen 相同。

）例：several/many/six dozen eggsseveral/many/six dozen of white birdsseveral/many/six score eggsseveral/many/six score of white birdsI bought several dozen/score these desks. (×)I bought several dozen/score of these desks. (√)9.“(some) dozens/scores of + 复数名词”结构表示“好几十，很多”。

（some dozen/score (of) + …表示“大约 12/20 个...”）例：(some) dozens/scores of children几十个儿童（some 表示“一些”，对含义无影响）some dozen/score (of) children大约 12/20 个儿童（some 表示“大约”，对含义有影响）10.“a dozen + 复数名词”和“a score of + 复数名词”也可表示“很多”。

例：I have been there a dozen times.I have been there a score of times.11.基数词可以表示书页、住所、房间、教室、邮政编码、电话号码等的编号。

（电话号码通常以两个数字读为一组，中间有个小停顿，但以三个数字读为一组的情况也属常见，尤其是当电话号码为六位数或六位数以上时。

电话号码中两个重复的数字，常用 double。

）例：第 8 页：Page eight（P. 8）第 7 行：Line seven（L. 7）唐宁街 10 号：No. 10 Downing Street第 301 房间：Room (No.) 301第 4 教室：Classroom (No.) 4邮政编码：223805（读作：double six o, two three two, double eight）12.罗列几个并列的名词时，前面的若干个名词前用“不定冠词 + 序数词”结构，最后一个名词前用“定冠词 + 序数词”结构。

例：The old man has four daughters. One is a nurse, a second is a teacher, a third is a musician, and the fourth is a painter.13.2 倍：twice (AmE: two times)，double，duple，twofold，as … again as；3 倍：3 times，triple，treble，threefold；4 倍：quadruple，4 times，fourfold；5 倍：5 times，fivefold；依此类推。

（①double 可作 n/v/adj/adv。

②double/twice/three times/four times/…等表示倍数时，要放在定冠词、形容词形物主代词或名词所有格之前。

③treble可作 v/adj，通常可以和 triple 互换，但有时只能用 triple，如 the triple alliance。

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）例：You have paid twice/two times the usual price.You are twice/two times her/Jenny's age.Four is the double of two.（double 作名词）He doubled/trebled his income in 6 years.（double/treble 作动词）It is double the distance.（double 作形容词）The driver demanded double the usual fare.（double 作副词）Duple quantity of iron is needed for this project.The amount of alcohol in his blood was triple the legal maximum.They have produced twofold/threefold as many washers as they did last year.This river is as wider again as that one.He earns treble my salary.（treble 作副词）Treble salaries were paid.（treble 作形容词）I asked for a treble (portion of wine).（treble 作名词）20 is the quadruple of 5.（quadruple 作名词）Sales have quadrupled in the last 5 years.（quadruple 作动词）A quadruple alliance comes into being.（quadruple 作形容词）This year we produced quadruple that of last year.（quadruple 作副词）14.倍数比较的表示法：1)X times as + adj/adv（原级）+ as ... <划线部分>)例：My room is twice as long as hers.My room is half as long as hers.（倍表示法）My room is half as long again as hers.= My room is one and a half times as long as hers.（倍表示法）Jack runs 3 times as fast as Jim.They have twice as many planes as we have. （此句中是 n，不是 adj/adv！）2)X times + adj/adv（比较级）+ than …… <划线部分>)例：My room is twice longer than hers. = My room is as long again as hers.My room is half longer than hers.（倍表示法）My room is one and a half times longer than hers.（倍表示法）Jack runs 3 times faster than Jim.The cotton output is 20% greater than that of 2009.（此句中是 20%，不是倍数！）3)X times + the width (length, breadth, level, value, size, velocity) of …例：My room is twice the length of hers.My room is half the length of hers.（倍表示法）My room is one and a half times the length of hers.（倍表示法）The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.15.倍数增减的表示法：1)increase/exceed/speed up/step up/raise/rise/go up/grow/... + by + 百分数(X%)/倍数(X)；（A 增加了 X% ‖ A 增加为原来的 X 倍）例：Sales increased by 15%.The production of TV sets in the fourth quarter increase by 3 times.2) A be/multiply/increase/exceed/speed up/step up/raise/rise/go up/grow... + 数词(X) + times/fold；（A 是/增加为原来的 X 倍）例：Sales increased 3 times.The production of notebooks computers has been increased sixfold over/as against/as compared with that of 2005.3) A multiply X times & A be multiplied by + 数字；（A 增加为原来的 X 倍）例：Sales have been multiplied by 4 times.The production has multiplied 8 times.4) A increase/exceed/speed up/step up/raise/rise/go up/grow/decrease/drop/fall/weaken/shorten/reduce/step down/speed down/go down + by a factor of + 百分数(X%)/数词(X)；（A 增加/减少/...为原来的 X 倍）例：Sales have increased/decreased by a factor of 5.The speed exceeded (the average value) by a factor of 4.It raised by an (average) factor of 30%.5) A decrease/drop/fall/weaken/shorten/reduce/step down/speed down/go down + by +百分数(X%)/数词(X)/倍数(X)；（A 减少/下降/...了 X ‖ A 减少/下降/...为原来的 1/X）例：Sales have decreased by 5,000 RMB/3 times.The price of rice was reduced by 15%.6) A 黄色部分/绿色部分 to ...；（A 增加/减少到 ...）例：Sales increased/decreased to 50 million.The soldiers have increased to 1,000.7) A be + 倍数(X) + upon/over B；（A 是 B 的 X 倍）例：Sales was 3 times upon/over that of last year.I am twice upon/over your age.The number of college students for 2010 is 30 times over that for 1995.8) A be + 倍数(X) + what 从句；（A 是 ... 的 X 倍）例：Sales are 4 times what we had for the first quarter.The population is (more than) 3 times what it was in 1985.9) A be + 百分数(X%) + above/higher than B；（A 比 B 高 X%）例：Sales are 40% above/higher than that of last month.The export this month was 23% above/higher than that was achieved in May.10)A be up + 倍数(X)；（A 增加为原来的 X 倍）例：Sales (this month) was up 6 times.His income this month was up 3 times.The nation's grain output was up times.11)A show/register + 百分数(X%) + increase/decrease（名词）；（A 增加/减少了 X%）例：Sales in August registered/showed a 25% increase/decrease over March.12)A be + 百分数(X%)/数字(X) + less than B；（A 比 B 少 X%）例：Sales are 37% less than (that of) last month.The steel output this year is 10,000 tons less than in 2001.（注：by 常可省略，但 to 则不可省略）16.5 feet square 与 5 square feet 的区别：A table 5 feet square has an area of 25 square feet.17.“减少一半”的表示法：1)be half as many/much/long/fast/... as ...2)twice thinner than ...3)reduce/decrease/... by one half4)be one half less5)cut/break/split/... A in half/into halves6)half the (usual) price/speed/...18.概数的表示法：1)“over/above/more than + 数字”或“数字 + odd”2)below/under/less than + 数字3)“about/nearly/some/toward(s)/more or less + 数字”或“数字 + or so”（注：“数字 + more or less”和“more or less + 数字”等价）4)其它零散表示法。