4. If he had been there, he would have made
things worse. 与过去事实相反
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5. If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldn’t go shopping.
6. I think we could finish the work, if we planned it properly .
如果你之前努力学习了，你现在就是一名大学 生，四年后就会大学毕业了。
If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now, and you would graduate from a college in four years’ time.
If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.
Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again.
If there should be a flood, what should we do? Should there be a flood, what should we do?
• Without your help, I would have failed.
• But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.
•We'll go earlier, otherwise we might not get a seat.
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二、虚拟语气特殊句型： 1. wish 现在： 过去时 (did/were) + 宾语 过去： 过去完成时 (had done)
从句 未来： would/could/might+V. should • I wish I were a bird. (现在)
• I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake. (过去)
7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.
与未来事实相反
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虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：
假设条件虚拟倒装。 条件从句中可以把if省 略，并将这三个词提至句首进行倒装。
If I were you, I would give it up.
• We wish our parents wouldn’t punish us.
(未来)
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2. 表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。
1. 宾语从句。常见动词：
一个坚持：insist(坚持主张、认为,坚持说)
两个命令：order, command
三个建议：advise, suggest（建议；暗示，表明）,
in some parts of this countryA______ so seriou
A. wouldn’t be
B. will not have been
C. wouldn’t have been D. would have not bee
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如果你采纳了我的建议，你现在就会好得多。
If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.
would/could/should /might +V.(原)
过去
had done
would/could/should/ might+have+p.p.
未来
1. did / were
would/could/should
2. should do /might + V.(原)
3. were to do
非高考考点
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1.英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，祈使语 气和虚拟语气。(课本P86)
2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是 不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议， 假设的语气叫虚拟语气。
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一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句 中的用法
条件从句 If 从句Leabharlann 谓语形式 主句的谓语形式现在
did / were
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1. If I had money, I would build a school for these poor children.
2. If I were you, I would forgive him. 与现在事实相反
3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made this mistake.
Were I you, I would give it up. If it were not for your advice, we couldn’t have
got over the difficulties. Were it not for your advice, we couldn’t
have got over the diff演ic示课u件lties.
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6.without和but for ，otherwise构成含蓄虚拟 (but for要不是)
• Without sunlight, people’s life would be different from today.
• But for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work.
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* 近几年各类考试中常见的试题类型：
① 错综时间条件句。即假设条件从句谓语动词 发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致。 主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自的时间而定。
If the United States had built more homes for
poor people in 1955, the housing problems no
propose
四个要求：demand , require, request, desire
这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。
即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原形，或者将